Objectives and Plans for Achievement of MDG for Sanitation in Myanmar

1. H .E. Professor Dr. Myat Myat Ohn Khin
Union Deputy Minister
Ministry of Health
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar
1

2. Total Population 60 million
676.578 Sq
India China Area
km
Growth rate 1.75%
States & Regions 14
Districts 66
Townships 330
Wards 2,786
Thailand
Villages 64,910
U5 Mortality 46.1
Infant mortality 37.5
Bay of Bengle
Life expectancy 64.5
2

3. • Sanitation Programme began in 1982
• Changed to Demand driven approach in 1996
• Annual National Sanitation Week from 1998 until 2011
• Accelerated progress in access to improved sanitation
• Diarrhoea rates in under five children indicate slippage
• Low maintenance
• Low use
• Lack of awareness
• 2011 introduction of Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS)
• National Sanitation Campaign launched in 2012 to accelerate
progress, includes CLTS

4. Timeline of Sanitation Progress in Myanmar
Supply Driven Demand Driven
Sanitation Approach Sanitation Approach
National Sanitation Week
Movement 2011 Ends
Community Based Health National Sanitation Week
Education 1986 Movement 1998 National Sanitation
Campaign 2012
3 Cleans - Hands, Toilet & Introduction of
Water - 1996 4 Cleans - Food - CLTS 2010
Sanitation Programme 2001
1982
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

5.  76% coverage, 83% urban, 73% rural (JMP 2012)
 46% increase in diarrhoea between 2003 and 2010 (MICS
2003 and MICS 2010)
 Most of the Township health profiles indicate high levels of
under five mortality from diarrhoea and dysentery
 Open defecation:
 1 % Urban, 8% Rural - JMP 2012- whole country average
 3% Urban, 19% Rural - KAP 2011 - areas with high prevalence of
infant mortality, poverty, etc.

6. 100% 16%
Myanmars Sanitation Progres: 1995 - 2010
90%
14%
80%
Under 5 Diarrhoea
12%
70%
10%
60%
Open Defecation
50% Unimproved latrine 8%
Excreta Disposal Method
40% Improved latrine
6%
Piped/Septic Tank
30%
U5 Diarrhoea 4%
20%
2%
10%
0% 0%
1995 2000 Year 2003 2010

7. 17%
83%
6%
Improved Latrine Unimproved Latrine
30%
65%
Functional Partially functional Not functional

9. 4
5

10.  To advocate high political commitment
 To raise community awareness on importance of safe
water supply and proper excreta disposal,
 To involve various sectors including NGOs, enhance
implementation and support monitoring and
management in various States/Regions.
 Special emphasis on Community-Led
Total Sanitation(CLTS) to meet MDG goal (7)

11.  Convert knowledge of good hygiene into practice
 Concerted and coordinated efforts of the
Government, Local NGOs , INGOs and People
 Acceptable and functioning community latrine designs.
 CLTS results in maintainable latrines, within
community's budget
 Donors and other stakeholders desire to subsidize
latrine construction
 Get accurate sanitation indicators in 2014 census

12.  Dramatically increased the Sanitation Coverage from 45% in
1995 to 84.6% in 2010
 Successful 4 Cleans Campaign since 1996 has improved peoples
knowledge of hygiene and sanitation
 "Sanitation for all by year 2015" Guideline based on National
Health Policy - High level political commitment down to grass-
root level - National Sanitation Campaign (NSC) through CLTS