1. Monitoring and sustaining
services
Lessons learned from WaterAid’s post-
implementation monitoring surveys and the use
of information and communications technology
(The Mozambique pilot)
www.wateraid.org

2. Introduction
• WaterAid Mozambique started operations in
Niassa Province in 1995/6,
• One of the problem of the programe
implementation in Mozambique is the
Sustainability of the infrastrutures,
• PIMS as part of the approach to sustainability
• PIMS took place from 20 August to 6 September 2012
• It covered 2 Programs (Rural and Urban) in Niassa, Zambezia
Province and Quelimane and Maputo citys
www.wateraid.org

3. PIMS-Process
2 Trainings of data enumerators
•Introduction to the PIMS
•Technology
•Surveys
Field work (data record)
•Project Officers
•Goverment Staff
•CBO Activists
www.wateraid.org

4. PIMS-Methodology
• Statistically significant sample used;
• 3 Surveys used (House hold ;Water and
Sanitation infrastructures;
• Randomly selection of HH for HH rapid
survey;
• 3 years covered (2007, 2009, 2011);
• Mobile data collection technology piloted
www.wateraid.org

5. Technology used:
PSI Fusion Samsung GT-S5690 Xcover
www.wateraid.org

6. PIMS Mapper generation
WaterPoint Mapper
www.wateraid.org

7. Maps of water results
www.wateraid.org

8. Sanitation results
www.wateraid.org

9. Cost of using ICT
Cost of PIMS 2012/13 Pilot Phase for Four Country Programmes
Central Costs £81,805
Example of in Country Costs of Pilot PIMS delivery £10,438.26
(Mozambique)
Expected Annual Cost of PIMS in future years for a typical Country Programme
Central Costs (apportioned between 20 Country £4,400
Programmes)
In Country Costs based on PIMS pilot delivery (Mozambique) £7,990
www.wateraid.org

10. Benefits
Benefits of approach Reason
Speed/Ease of Review Significantly faster and easier for enumerators
once initial technical familiarity was overcome.
Conditionality of survey Speeds up survey responses – reduces
questions confusion
Single entry of data No data entry reduces cost and reduction of
human error
Ability to review data real-time Ensure quality control & easy project
management
Ability to track users / devices Protects against theft/loss
Single piece of hardware Surveys, GPS & Camera all on one device
www.wateraid.org

11. Issues
Issues of approach Reason
User familiarity with technology Trade off between older & more experienced
WASH staff and younger technologically savvy
enumerators
Connectivity Endemic problem of network availability in rural
contexts – largely manageable with morning &
evening synchronisation when enumerators were
more likely to be in areas with connectivity
GPS dropout rate 5% of GPS coordinates were dropped
Synchronising problem Even when network was available – devices
sometimes struggle to synchronise to network
Data management & storage Cost and expertise required to effectively manage
and maintain the secure storage of the growing
dataset
www.wateraid.org

12. What will Wateraid Moz do next
• Impact on programmatic approach
• Reallocation of funds,
• Rehabilitation of the broken infrastructures,
• Training of local mechanics/ artisans
• PIMS integrated into the monitoring
system
• Learning review of ICT pilot phase
www.wateraid.org

13. Obrigado!
Questions and comments
www.wateraid.org