Conference of Isam Shahrour at the American University of Science Technology (AUST), Beirut, April 2015 on the topic: "Smart City for developing countries: Utopia or a real opportunity?"
1. Smart
City
for
developing
countries:
Utopia
or
a
real
opportunity?
Professor
Isam
Shahrour,
University
Lille1
–
Science
and
Technology
AUST
Seminar
“Smart
City”,
Beirut,
April,
28
2.
3. Q1
:
What
are
the
main
challenges
of
developing
countries
?
Q2
:
What
is
the
smart
city
concept
?
Q3
:
Why
this
concept
should
be
implemented
in
developing
countries
?
Q4:
How
to
implement
the
smart
city
concept
?
(Case
study
:
SunRise
project)
4. Urban
Developing
countries
Urban
–
Developed
countries
Rural
Developing
countries
Challenge
of
the
populaDon
growth
5. By
2030
:
• Nearly
2
billion
of
new
urban
residents
• Urban
populaHons
of
South
Asia
and
Africa
will
double
• 400,000
km2
will
be
constructed
for
urban
use
(doubling
the
world’s
built
urban
area)
10. Air
polluDon
• 7
million
premature
deaths
annually
linked
to
air
polluHon
(WHO)
• 80
%
of
the
greenhouse
emission
• Global
warming
–
climate
change
11. • 1
billion
do
not
have
access
to
drinking
water
service
• 2.4
billion
do
not
have
access
to
sewage
water
service
• Leakage
:
50%
water
lost
in
some
ciHes
• Water
contaminaHon
• Flood
…
Water
Chalenges
12. Social
challenges
:
• Access
to
services
(administraHve,
educaHon,
health,
transport,…)
• Security
(supply,
operaHng,..)
• CiHzen
implicaHon
in
the
city
development
and
gouvernance
14. Q1
:
What
are
the
main
challenges
of
developing
countries
?
Q2
:
What
is
the
smart
city
concept
?
Q3
:
Why
this
concept
should
be
implemented
in
developing
countries
?
Q4
How
to
implement
the
smart
city
concept
?
(Case
study
:
SunRise
project)
16. Could
operate:
•
Measurement
(state)
•
Data
storage
(?)
•
Analysis
(intelligence
/
knowledge)
•
CommunicaHon
with
other
“Things”
Each
“Thing”
• Unique
idenDfier
• Localized
The
Internet
of
Things
21. Smart
city
technology
allows
• Real-‐Hme
monitoring
(Urban
systems
as
well
• Rapid
acHon
in
the
case
of
abnormal
event
(security,
leakage,
contaminaHon,....)
• OpHmal
management
• Stakeholders
implicaHon
• New
services
22. Smart
Grid
–
NEMA
Report
(2011)
Associa=on
of
electrical
and
medical
imaging
equipment
manufacturers
(US)
23. Electrical
Grid
Network
(SunRise
Project,
PhD
D.
Sakr)
A2
M6
HT:
20
kV
LT:
380
V
Supply
FAULT!!
A2
24. Smart
Energy
:
opDmal
management
ProducDon
Storage
Smart
Grid
Energy
ConsumpDon
26. Q1
:
What
are
the
main
challenges
of
developing
countries
?
Q2
:
What
is
the
smart
city
concept
?
Q3
:
Why
this
concept
should
be
implemented
in
developing
countries
?
Q4:
How
to
implement
the
smart
city
concept
?
(Case
study
:
SunRise
project)
28. Focus
on
CiDzens,
Users,
Environment
In
a
smart
soluDon,
we
Technology
Social
Science
CollecDve
intelligence
Improve
Life
quality
Security
Environment
opDmized
cost
29. OpportuniHes
in
developing
countries
We
have
to
build
or
to
update
the
infrastructures
(urban
networks,
transportaHon,
buildings,..
The
cost
of
smart
monitoring
is
low
regarding
the
infrastructure
cost.
The
smart
“design”
reduces
the
cost
of
construcDon
30. Global
vision
of
the
cost:
Life
cycle
cosHng
Design
ConstrucDon
OperaDng
cost
Maintenance
Impact
on
the
environment
Recycling
Stakeholders
• Users,
technical
staff
• AdministraHve
staff
31. • Improves
the
asset
management
• Reduces
the
running
and
maintenance
costs
The
smart
technology
Savings
in
the
construcDon
and
running
costs
largely
funds
the
smart
system
32. Other
opportuniDes
for
developing
countries
• High
mobile
penetraHon
• High
use
of
the
social
media
• Good
skills
in
informaHon
technology
• Job
opportunity..
33. Barriers
to
the
smart
city
implementaDon
• Cultural
(policy
makers,
administraHon,
private
sector,
individual…)
• OrganizaHon
(in
silos)
• RegulaHons
• Economic
model
34. How
to
start
??
We
can
start
by
«
demonstrators
in
order
to
learn
how
to
:
-‐ Design,
build
and
use
the
smart
technology
-‐ Establish
cooperaHon
between
services
and
stakeholders
(work
together)
-‐ Update
the
regulaHon
-‐ Establish
an
economic
model
-‐ Educate
to
live
in
a
“smart
world”
35. July
18,
2014
• 100
Smart
City
projects
• Government
investment
(2015):
$
1.2
billion
India
:
36. China
:
$322
billion
August
13,
2014
:
200
Smart
City
projects
37. Africa
2014
CombinaHon
of
:
• Rapid
urbanizaHon
•
Increasing
demand
for
urban
services
• Telecoms
growth
Africa
:
Huge
perspecHve
for
the
implementaHon
of
the
Smart
City
38. Q1
:
What
are
the
main
challenges
of
developing
countries
?
Q2
:
What
is
the
smart
city
concept
?
Q3
:
Why
this
concept
should
be
implemented
in
developing
countries
?
Q4:
How
to
implement
the
smart
city
concept
?
(Case
study
:
SunRise
project)
40. Large
academic
project
«
City
of
the
Future)
?
2010
-‐
2011
CiDes
Metropolis
Social
Housing
Eco-‐District
Energy
(Elecrical,
Gaz,
District
heaDng)
Water
(Drinking,
Sewage)
ConstrucDon
companies
TelecommunicaDon
IT
SoluDon
Engineering
Research
EducaDon
InnovaDon
41. Combine
3
issues:
• City
• Sustainability
• Digital
Smart
and
Sustainable
70. Analysis
showed
a
high
potenDal
of
energy
savings
(up
to
40
%
in
some
buildings)
University
Decision
:
Large
investment
in
-‐ Upgrading
the
district
heaHng
network
to
a
smart
network
-‐ Co-‐generaHon
staHon
Funded
by
:
• Energy
savings
• Public
–
private
partnership
71. Under
Progress:
• Public
lighHng
• Sewage
• Cyber
security
• SunRise
social
network
• SunRise
Wikipedia
72. SunRise
today
(4
years)
• Major
Smart
City
project
• Large
private-‐public
partnership
• CreaHon
of
a
start-‐up,
others
in
perspecHve
• Several
implementaHons
(social
housing,
eco-‐
district,
park
of
technology,
town,..)
Priority
in
the
6-‐years
regional
development
plan
(state
–
region
agreement)
with
significant
public
funding