5. Open Well Bore Well
Infiltration well Collector well
Ground water & Sub-Surface Water Sources
6. Types of Schemes
Hand pump Mini power pump
Individual Power pump Combined water supply scheme
7. What is to be managed …..
• Quantity daily water supply – monitored thro online (in_house
maintenance portal )
• Daily pumping
• Assets rectification details( breakdown listing)
• Retrieval of weekly/monthly/seasonal/annual supply data
• Water quality monitoring surveillance and mapping
• System maintenance by TWAD manpower/outsourcing to manage
• Head works
• Water treatment plant
• Sump or booster stations
• Water conveyance(pumping/gravity/feeder mains)up to SRs
• Distribution grid from SRs managed by local bodies
• Billing and water tariff collection
• TWAD Board ends up with an annual revenue deficit of about Rs.316
crore during 2015-16 and Rs.430 crore during 2016-17
• Deficit bridged by gap filling fund from Govt. of Tamil Nadu
8. Tamil Nadu River Basin
Normal Annual Rainfall 977 mm
Number of Basins 17
Surface Water Potential
Storage in 79 Reservoir 243 TMC
Storage in 39000 Tanks 347 TMC
Other Storages 2 TMC
Contribution from other
State
261 TMC
Total 853 TMC
Average Run Off 177 TMC
9. Tamil Nadu State - Geology
• Total area 130059 Sq.Km
• Hill Area– 22000 Sq.Km
• Tamil Nadu State has a long coastline
of 1075 kilometers
• 73 % hard rock - Groundwater occurrence
restricted to fractures, fissures and joints
• 27% unconsolidated sedimentary formation
• Quantity is problem in hard rock environ
• Quality is constraint in Sedimentary
Utilizable Ground Water
Potential - 734 TMC
Net extraction(draft) - 622 TMC
Balance available - 112 TMC
10. Description Demand/
Availability in TMC
Total Assessed Water Resources 1587.00 TMC
(853 Surface +734 Ground water)
Drinking Water demand 72 TMC
Irrigation demand 1766 TMC
Industries, Power, Live stock 77.40 TMC
Total Demand 1915.4 TMC
Gap (Demand – Availability) 328.40 TMC
Demand and Availability gap
11. Issues in water resource management …..
• Sources of water supply – Quantitative threats
• Bore well sources failed due to depletion of ground aquifer
• Reduced yield due to failure of monsoon
• Sources of water supply – Qualitative threats
• Surface water
• Polluted by Industrial output ,
• Mixing of sewage either in raw form or in treated form
• Sub surface and ground water –
• Increased TDS due to over drawal,
• Sea water intrusion,
• Depletion of aquifer,
• Contamination of salts in the local vicinity etc.
• Sources of water supply – Water security threats
• Supply demand gap
• Increase in waste volume and water contamination
• Infrastructure inadequacies
12. Management perspectives …..
• Social
• Water sharing
• Water conveyance across the local bodies
• Unauthorised/ Illegal tapping
• Infrastructure issues
• Long distance pumping
• Detecting contamination hot spots
• Increase in energy cost and need for energy conservation
• In adequate scientific infra for smart systems
• Source sustainability issues
• Over exploitation
• Lack of perennial rivers
• Insufficient recharge
• Climate change related weather events
• Adverse weather events (floods and drought)
• High intensity storms(like Oekhi)
• Short duration heavy intensity rainfall
• Long duration drought
13. Management perspectives …..
• Water pricing issues
• Subsidized water tariff
• Lack of political will for fair pricing
• Multiplicity of players implicate an umbrella organization
• Water Resource management by PWD/agriculture/forests/local
bodies
• Drinking water supply does not gain the requisite priority in PWD
• Storm water drains managed by local bodies/Highways without holistic
planning could not end up in connecting with a water body.
14. How can our blue
planet be running
out of water?
When will we run
out of water?
Can we recycle
water?
Issues in water resource management
16. The way in which research outputs have been used
to improve the fresh water monitoring frameworks
& data …..
• Sources of water supply
• Protecting the sources from contamination – periodically
analyzing the raw water quality and predict the source of
contamination if any – stringent legal action to stop pollution
• Scientific source finding techniques
• Constructed rain water harvesting structures
• Diluted TDS of ground water ,
• Preventing sea water intrusion,
• Recharging the aquifer, raising the water table
• Reviving the deep and shallow wells
• Towards sustainability
• Formed mission SuWaSem
• Dual water supply
• Recycling and reuse
• Water Treatment Units
• Disinfection arrangements made at intermediate nodes
17. The way in which research outputs have been used
to improve the fresh water monitoring frameworks
& data …..
• Pumping units
• Variable Frequency Drives installed in major water supply
pumping stations as a result energy savings of @ 15% could be
been achieved.
• Conveyance networks
• SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) systems .
depicts the behavioral patterns of the network
• The hydraulics throughout the network could be monitored in real
time thereby minimizing the losses due to leaks and bursts.
• Illegal tapping if any could be identified by the trends depicted by
the SCADA systems
• Remote operation of valves
18. The way in which research outputs have been used
to improve the fresh water monitoring frameworks
& data …..
• Conveyance networks
• Surge vessels are provided to resist the water hammer
• Regulated by flow control devices at feeder mains targeting
controlled distribution to the beneficiaries
• Pipe polices framed eliminating AC Pipes, any other pipes less
than 90 mm in feeder mains
• Developed in house online monitoring portal
19. • Water resource management to mitigate supply demand gap under an
umbrella organization in view of multiplicity of players
• Desalination practices with improved membrane technology
• Recycle/reuse of sewage treated effluent in Industy/Agri/Recharge
• Smart grids for CWSS to improve functional efficacy
• Data collection and management from multiple channels
• Water conservation by mission mode
• Sea water ingress along coastline and water quality mapping
• Climate vulnerabilities, risk mapping and design of resilience infras
Current R & D Needs to facilitate Water Supply
Monitoring the gaps
20. • Towards sustainability
• Formed the mission SuWaSem
• To ensure water security in Urban local bodies thro rain water
harvesting
• To make ground water based sources sustainable
• To restore and rejuvenate water bodies
• To promote recycle and reuse of waste water for non potable use
• To impart training on desgin and maintenance
• To create awareness among stakeholders
• Formation of industrial water supply grids
Current R & D Needs to facilitate Water Supply
Monitoring the gaps
22. • Towards sustainability
• Formed the mission SuWaSem
• To ensure water security in Urban local bodies thro rain water
harvesting
• To make ground water based sources sustainable
• To restore and rejuvenate water bodies
• To promote recycle and reuse of waste water for non potable use
• To impart training on design and maintenance
• To create awareness among stakeholders
The mission SuWaSem
23. Source Creation – Best Practices
METTU SALAI HABITATION
• Ground water Prospects maps were extensively used in the field to identify the sources.
• The drilling results are encouraging to manage the drought situation in Tamil Nadu
25. Success in Source Creation
• TWAD Board has fixed bench mark of 50 LPM as successful bore well.
• 92 % success has been achieved using Ground water prospects maps.
• The Urban and Rural local bodies are effectively using the Ground water prospects
maps for source creation during the regular and drought programmes
Name of
CWSS
Location
Dia
in mm
Depth
in m
Yield
in
lpm
T. Sindalacheri
CWSS
Ayyam
patty,
150 160 376
Ayyam
patty,
150 165 376
Thadi cheri CWSS
Koduvalar
patty
150 180 370
150 180 370
Sankarapuram
CWSS
Head works 150 125 134
Kuchanur 150 180 197
Sangara
puram
150 180 134
Veppam patti cwss
Head works-
Seeliam
patty
150 124 276
150 121 321
150 65 276
26. Check dam location
• The suitable type of Recharge Structures are marked on the HGM Maps
• Most of the recharge structures are identified on or nearer to the fracture systems / DW Sources
Source Sustainability– Best Practices
27. In Tamil Nadu 12558 Recharge Structures have been
created to make the Drinking water sources
sustainable.
CheckDam
Percolation
Pond
Recharge
Pit
Recharge
Trench
Ooranies
Defunct
Borewell
Recharge
Shaft
Roofwater
Harvesting
Hydro
fracturing
Others
Total
8400 390 275 648 757 177 872 885 53 101 12558
Recharge Structures Implemented From
the Year 2001-2015
28. Over all Ground water improvement by Recharge Structures
• Salem District is one of the hard rock areas where the ground
water is usage is more and ground water availability is less.
• 769 are Check Dams have been built in the District.
• In Salem District most of the TWAD observation wells (41 OB
wells) are located nearer to the recharge structures
constructed.
29. • The Pre and Post monsoon Ground water level data collected since 1991 indicates the
increasing trend.
• Ground water level increase is from 2005 onwards.
• The may be due recharge structures constructed in scientifically identified location
48. Case Study - 1 Identification
of leak
On 15.11.07, Reduction in water
flow at MSR and BSR was felt.
On analysis of SCADA screen a
drop in pressure at 8.00 am at
Veerapandi pirivu (LS17221) was
noted. The field staff sent on
reconnaissance reported a leak at
LS 23620 of the CWTM. Pumping
was stopped at 3.05 p.m. After
attending the leak pumping
commenced again 3.40 am on 16-
11-07.
49. Case Study – 2 - Identification of leak
On19.11.07,Water level in BSR was
depleting fast. On a review of
SCADA screen a simultaneous
pressure drop at BSR outlet and
Singanallur at 11.30 AM was
noticed. The field staff sent on
reconnaissance reported a leak
between BSR and Singanallur.
Further investigations revealed an
earthmover has damaged an air
pipe at LS 40000 of CWTM at 11.30
am The leak has since been
attended.
50. Case Study –3 - Monitoring of intermittent flow
Supply to the Military
Defence Establishment at
Madukkarai is given for 2
hours daily in the morning.
From the trend curve at
Madukkarai, a pressure
drop from 4.48 am to 6.48
am (Actual supply hours)
could be seen.
51. Case Study - 4 - Monitoring of Power
interruptions at pump houses
In the adjoining screens
sudden drop in pressure
in the pump delivery side
at 6.35 am and surge
again at 7.09 am indicates
stopping of pumping.
Actual hours of pumping
at each pumping station
could be easily
monitored.
52. Sl.No Name of District Name of CWSS Year of Installation
1
Coimbatore
Pillur CWSS 2006 -07
2 CWSS to 249 Hab 2009-10
3 CWSS to 295 Hab 2010-11
4 CWSS to Tirupur corp. and 417 Hab 2012-13
5 Tiruppur CWSS to Muthur Kangeyam 2009-10
6
Salem
Salem and 11 other TPs 2010-11
7 CWSS to Rasipuram and Edappadi 2010-11
8 CWSS to Kadayampatti 2011-12
9 CWSS to Irupali and 1066 habitations 2011-12
10 Trichy CWSS to 674 Hab 2008-09
11 Ariyalur CWSS to 227 Hab 2009-10
12 Nagapattinam CWSS to 893 Hab 2012-13
13
Thirunelveli
CWSS to Manur 2009-10
14 CWSS to 4 RTP and 151 Hab 2010-11
15 CWSS to Kadayanallur and Puliyangudi 2008-09
16 CWSS to Nanguneri - Thisayanvilai 2013-14
17 Ramanthapuram
CWSS to Ramnad,
Sivagangai, Pudukkottai
2012-13
18 Dharmapuri
Hogenekkal CWSS and
Fluride Mitigation Programme
2013-14
SCADA PROVIDED IN CWSS MAINTAINED BY TWAD BOARD
53. 53
Surge vessels are provided with standby units for water hammer effect in the 1500
MS pumping main.
54. Content of this presentation
1. Background
2. About PFR prepared by TWAD Board
3. Recommendation of TNIDB
4. Details of Ponneri & Hosur Nodes
5. Present Stage of Investigation
6. Issues
55. ‘Formation of WS Grid along CBIC’ Project was
announced (No.14) during the Demand No.34 for
the year 2014-15
Govt of Tamil Nadu have directed TWAD Board
to take up detailed investigation
CMWSSB had informed that 724 MLD of treated
sewage is available to spare, at the rate of
12.50/KL (5% hike every year)
Cost of Investigation estimated as Rs.8.50 Crore
1. Background
56. As per the draft plan proposal of JICA, Industrial
Corridor falls in seven Districts, in TN
PFR prepared for covering 10881 industries
(Excluding 4852 CMWSSB beneficiaries) falling at
75 km on either side of the corridor, with a total
demand of 997 mld
To make the Project implementable, the Project
was split into four Phases
Tentative total cost is estimated as:
Installation cost : Rs.13625
Crore
Annual Maintenance Cost : Rs. 1339
2. About the PFR prepared by
TWAD
60. To carry out surveying & Levelling works in the
entire Project area
To prepare DPR for Ponneri & Hosur Industrial
Nodes.
SWRO Plant 1 No. & TTRO -1No for Ponneri
Node
TTRO -1No for Hosur Node
Sanctioned Rs.3.20 Crore, under ‘PPF’, towards
the cost of outsourcing works.
3. Recommendation of TNIDB
61. 4.Details of Ponneri & Hosur Nodes
Node Ponneri Node Hosur Node
No. of Clusters 7 6
Demand
Fresh water - Intermediate 92 mld
Ultimate 143 mld
Treated water - Intermediate 185 mld 22.72 mld
Ultimate 262 mld 22.72 mld
Source
SWRO Proposed 1 no @ Minjur
Capacity 92 mld
TTRO Proposed 2nos @
Kodungaiyur & Koyambedu
Existing STPs of
CMWSSB
Kelavarapalli
Dam
Capacity in MLD(150 &72) 185 mld 22.72 mld
Project Cost 4273 Rs. Crore 185 Rs. Crore
AM Cost 447 Rs. Crore 28 Rs. Crore
Cost per KL (on Capital & AM Cost
)
Rs.81 Rs.51.32
65. Hosur Node
1. Quantity of Raw water allotted to TWAD from
Kelavarapalli dam : 27.27 MLD
2. Treatment losses at 20%: 4.55 MLD
3. Quantity available for Industries : 22.72 MLD
Sl
No.
Beneficiary
Raw water
requirement
in MLD
Treated water
requirement
in MLD
1 SIPCOT-I 5.46 4.55
2 SIPCOT-II 5.46 4.55
3 M/S TVS Motor 1.20 1.00
4 GMR SEZ-I 3.00 2.50
5 GMR SEZ-II 9.00 7.50
6 SIPCOT Addakurukki 3.15 2.62
Total 27.27 22.72
66. Pre-Feasibility Study:
Industries in CBIC region, falling under the purview of
TWAD Board had been identified
Demand Assessment completed
Sources Identified
Pre Feasibility Report prepared
Detailed Investigation:
Surveying and Leveling works in entire CBIC region
completed (1605 km).
Tenders are under scrutiny for the consultancy
assignment, for preparation of DPR for 1 No of SWRO
Plant & 2 Nos of TTRO plants.
Expenditure incurred as on date is Rs.2.00 Crore
5. Present Stage of Investigation
67. Present Stage of
Tenders
Details SWRO TTRO
Tender I call 08.12.2015 08.12.2015
Tender Response 2 Responses No Response
Tender II Call - 08.01.2016
Tender Opening 08.12.2015 08.01.2016
List of Tenderers
1.M/s Mecon Ltd.
Bangalore
2. KG-DS
Coimbatore
1. EIL Ltd, Delhi.
Rate quoted Rs. 143.00 Lakhs Rs. 144 Lakhs
Rate after
negotiation
Rs. 83.00 Lakhs Rs. 113.00 Lakhs
Excess percentage +10.60% +25.55%
68. Capacity of TTRO plant proposed at Kodungaiyur-150
mld
Land required at Kodungaiyur STP- 40 Acres
Capacity of TTRO plant proposed at Koyambedu-72
mld
Land required at Koyambedu STP- 25 Acres
Consent of CMWSSB is required for sparing of 65
Acres of land.
CMWSSB was addressed to spare land on 25.05.2015
CMWSSB stated on 23.06.2015 that, they would take
care their demand
The Principle Secretary addressed in this regard on
6. Issues
70. 1.2. Present Demand
As per the data of TNPCB (12/2014), Present demand
of Industries under the scope of TWAD & CMWSSB have
been arrived follows:
Details
TWAD Board
Present
(2014)
CMWSSB
Present
(2014)
Total
Total Number of industries
(Nos)
10881 4852 15733
Fresh water demand in
mld
174 121 295
Treated water demand in
mld
194 224 418
Total demand in
mld
368 345 713