6. Throughout the countries of southern
Europe, buildings, monuments, and
local customs reflect the different
periods of this sub region's long history
and the people that dominated it at
different times.
7. The unique cultures and ancient history of southern Europe
have shaped the subregion’s population patterns.
8. Most Southern Europeans are descended from Indo-European
and Mediterranean groups.
9. The Mediterranean countries have a long history of sailing
and classical civilizations.
10. The people of Italy (Italians) are descendants of the
Etruscans and Roman people.
11.
12. The people of Spain are descendents of the
prehistoric Iberians, Basques and the Catalans.
Lady of Elx Cave paintings Altamirra, Spain
13. From 201 BCE, the Romans dominated the Catalonia region of
Spain. Catalonian and Spanish are considered Romance
languages today.
14. The indigenous Basque people are part of Spain today, yet
keep their traditional culture and language, and have some
autonomy.
15. Autonomy : being self-governing; especially :
the right of self-government
16. Autonomía el estado o la capacidad de
autogobierno o de cierto grado de
independencia.
118. They lived in city-states linked by language and culture.
119. A city-state is an independent city — and
sometimes its surrounding land — which has
its own government, completely separate from
nearby countries.
120. By the 700’s BCE, they had colonies around the
Mediterranean.
137. The City State of Sparta had 2 kings and
produced the best army.
138. Alexander the Great and his partner Hephaestation conquered
and built a Greek Empire including Egypt and India.
139. After the death of Alexander the Great, the Romans
conquered most of Europe.
Our government system is based on the Roman
Republic.
The Romans brought law, and the idea that all
citizens no matter how high must follow the law.
They also converted to Christianity in the 300’s.