Behaviour driven architecture
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In this talk, Jan will present a new and innovative approach to evolving a full stack software architecture of JavaScript and TypeScript projects, that he has been using to drive the development of a financial system. Behaviour-Driven Architecture builds on ideas from BDD, UCD and DDD and works particularly well in complex domains as it encourages strong domain modelling, clean code, clean architecture and drastically speeds up automated acceptance testing.
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Behaviour driven architecture
- 2. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Jan Molak consultant, trainer, lead dev of Serenity/JS
- 3. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Behaviour-Driven Architecture BDD UCD XPDDD EA
- 4. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Full-Stack JavaScript = new opportunities
- 5. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Full-Stack JavaScript = new Challenges
- 7. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Web development in 1998.
- 8. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal? Make the machine obey ;-)
- 9. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Testability? It works on my machine!
- 10. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Maintainability? I’ll just write a new one, it’s fun!
- 11. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Team work? Nah, they’d slow me down!
- 12. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Fast forward to 2018…
- 13. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak We need Architecture!
- 14. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak What is architecture?
- 15. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak “ ”Highest-level breakdown of a system into parts and the decisions that are hard to change - Martin Fowler
- 16. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak “ ”The shared understanding of expert developers working on a project. - Ralph E. Johnson
- 17. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak “ ”An evolutionary architecture supports guided, incremental change across multiple dimensions. - Neal Ford, Rebecca Parsons, Patrick Kua
- 18. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Architecture is about: - decomposition - shared understanding - guided evolution
- 20. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - How do you decompose a problem?
- 21. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - How do you decompose a problem? - I look at the requirements
- 22. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - How do you decompose a problem? - I look at the requirements - OK, then what?
- 23. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - How do you decompose a problem? - I look at the requirements - OK, then what? - I use my experience…
- 24. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak n developers => n2 designs* * I made this one up, but I bet it’s pretty close
- 25. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - How do you build a shared understanding?
- 26. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - How do you build a shared understanding? - We agree on how to Build it Right: coding standards, design patterns, architectural patterns, test coverage…
- 27. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - How do you build a shared understanding? - We agree on how to Build it Right: coding standards, design patterns, architectural patterns, test coverage… - ok, but how do you know you’re building The Right Thing?
- 28. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak “ ”On average some 45% of the features delivered into production are never used. - The Standish Group’s CHAOS Report 2002
- 29. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak The Three Pillars of Architecture
- 30. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Image credit: Benh LIEU SONG
- 31. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Form - structure made of stone - Organised into arches - Implements a 3-tier architecture - Top tier supports a water conduit - Bottom tier integrates with the river
- 32. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Function - continuously delivers fresh water
- 33. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Context - who are the users? - how much water are we talking? - what if the spring dries out? - how do we support it when it goes live? - … does it have to be an aqueduct?
- 34. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Context Function Form The Three Pillars of Architecture
- 35. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Informs Drives Influences Context Function Form The Three Pillars of Architecture
- 37. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak “ ”Behaviour-Driven Development BDD is a practice of using Cucumber to write slow and flaky automated tests, driving the fully-assembled system through its UI.
- 39. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Strategic BDD Tactical BDD
- 41. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak “ ”Impact Mapping is a collaborative way to help us understand the bigger picture, describe roadmaps and figure out how we’re going to have a huge impact with our software and achieve something great instead of just shipping features. - Gojko Adzic
- 42. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable
- 43. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Measurable, clear goal with a specific time scale
- 44. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Measurable, clear goal with a specific time scale People who can help us achieve the goal
- 45. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Measurable, clear goal with a specific time scale People who can help us achieve the goal Personas Market segments
- 46. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Measurable, clear goal with a specific time scale People who can help us achieve the goal Personas Market segments How should people’s behaviour change?
- 47. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Measurable, clear goal with a specific time scale People who can help us achieve the goal Personas Market segments How should people’s behaviour change? What can we do?
- 49. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only
- 50. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only Customers
- 51. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only Customers Come back more frequently Don’t lose their documents Read their documents
- 52. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only Content Editors Customers Come back more frequently Don’t lose their documents Read their documents
- 53. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only Content Editors Customers Come back more frequently Don’t lose their documents Manage all templates in one place Read their documents Automate document delivery
- 54. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only Content Editors Customers Document Library Come back more frequently Don’t lose their documents Manage all templates in one place Read their documents Automate document delivery
- 55. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only Content Editors Customers Document Library Notifications Come back more frequently Don’t lose their documents Manage all templates in one place Read their documents Automate document delivery
- 56. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only Content Editors Customers Document Library Notifications Come back more frequently Don’t lose their documents Manage all templates in one place Read their documents Document GeneratorAutomate document delivery
- 57. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only Content Editors Customers Document Library Notifications Enterprise CMS Come back more frequently Don’t lose their documents Manage all templates in one place Read their documents Document GeneratorAutomate document delivery
- 58. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Impact Mapping and Architecture
- 59. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Goal Actor Impact Deliverable Digital documents only Content Editors Customers Document Library Notifications Enterprise CMS Come back more frequently Don’t lose their documents Manage all templates in one place Read their documents Document GeneratorAutomate document generation
- 60. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents System Context
- 62. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Automated Document Delivery In order to reduce cost and environmental impact As a responsible financial company We’d like the customer documents to be generated automatically And delivered in a digital format When specified business events occur
- 63. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event
- 65. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak “ ” Feature Mapping is a light-weight, outcome-focused, highly collaborative requirements discovery practice that helps build a deep collective understanding of customer needs, and that provides a smooth path to high quality executable specifications. - John Ferguson Smart
- 66. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Automated Document Delivery In order to reduce cost and environmental impact As a responsible financial company We’d like the customer documents to be generated automatically And delivered in a digital format When specified business events occur
- 67. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - Could you give me an example of that? - Service Agreement should be delivered when the Customer registers with our service
- 68. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Connie Registers with our service Actors: Connie the Customer Service Agreement Upon registration Examples: Tasks: Consequences: Connie sees the Service Agreement in her Library
- 69. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - What’s the role of the Content Editor in that process then? - Content editors prepare the templates based on which the documents should be generated
- 70. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Connie Registers with our service Actors: Connie the Customer, Edna the Editor Service Agreement Upon registration Examples: Tasks: Consequences: Connie sees the Service Agreement in her Library Edna prepares the template for the Service Agreement
- 71. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - How is the Service Agreement connected with the registration event? - Edna will have to configure this… somehow. It would be nice if she could use the CMS for that.
- 72. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Connie Registers with our service Actors: Connie the Customer, Edna the Editor Service Agreement Upon registration Examples: Tasks: Consequences: Connie sees the Service Agreement in her Library Edna prepares the template for the Service Agreement Edna configures Service Agreement to be delivered upon customer registration How is she going to do that?
- 73. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - We seem to be relying on that CMS quite a lot. What if it goes down? - We should retry the process when it’s back up and notify the customer when the document is delivered
- 74. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Connie Registers with our service Actors: Connie the Customer, Edna the Editor Service Agreement Upon registration Examples: Tasks: Consequences: Connie sees the Service Agreement in her Library Edna prepares the template for the Service Agreement Edna configures Service Agreement to be delivered upon customer registration CMS is down Connie is notified when the document is ready - || - - || -- || -
- 75. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak - Should connie be notified when any document is delivered, or just in this case? - Well, some of the documents will be triggered without her action. That’s the case with monthly, quarterly and annual statements. So yes, she should be notified when any document is delivered.
- 76. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Connie Registers with our service Actors: Connie the Customer, Edna the Editor Service Agreement Upon registration Examples: Tasks: Consequences: Connie sees the Service Agreement in her Library Edna prepares the template for the Service Agreement Edna configures Service Agreement to be delivered upon customer registration Customer is notified when the Document is delivered Connie is notified when the document is ready - || - - || -- || -
- 77. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Making specifications executable
- 78. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Connie Registers with our service Service Agreement Upon registration Examples: Tasks: Consequences: Connie sees the Service Agreement in her Library Edna prepares the template for the Service Agreement Edna configures Service Agreement to be delivered upon customer registration
- 79. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Connie Registers with our service Service Agreement Upon registration Examples: Tasks: Consequences: Connie sees the Service Agreement in her Library Edna prepares the template for the Service Agreement Edna configures Service Agreement to be delivered upon customer registration Scenario: Service Agreement is delivered upon customer registration Given Edna has prepared a template for the Service Agreement And configured the Service Agreement to be delivered upon customer registration When Connie registers with our service Then she should see the Service Agreement in her Library
- 80. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Testing at the right level
- 82. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Given Edna has prepared a template for the Service Agreement
- 83. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Given Edna has prepared a template for the Service Agreement Browser
- 84. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Given Edna has prepared a template for the Service Agreement API
- 85. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Given Edna has prepared a template for the Service Agreement MOCK SERVER
- 86. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Given Edna has prepared a template for the Service Agreement Test CLIENT
- 87. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event When Connie registers with our service Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits
- 88. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event When Connie registers with our service Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits Browser
- 89. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event When Connie registers with our service Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits API
- 90. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event When Connie registers with our service Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits Emit Event
- 91. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event When Connie registers with our service Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits Test Event Emitter
- 92. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Then she should see the Service Agreement in her Library Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits
- 93. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Then she should see the Service Agreement in her Library Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits Browser
- 94. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Then she should see the Service Agreement in her Library Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits API
- 95. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Then she should see the Service Agreement in her Library Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits Test Client
- 96. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Test scope can be managed!
- 97. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits Test Scope
- 98. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits
- 99. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits
- 100. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits
- 101. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak How do you implement it?
- 106. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak RegisterWithTheService.as(’Connie’).withEmail(‘…’).withPassword(‘…’) const RegisterViaUI = (details) => Task.where(`#actor registers via UI`, Open.browserOn(`https://myservice.com`), Enter.theValue(details.username).into(RegisterAccountWidget.Username_Field), Enter.theValue(details.email).into(RegisterAccountWidget.Email_Field), Enter.theValue(details.password).into(RegisterAccountWidget.Password_Field), Click.on(RegisterAccountWidget.Submit_Button), ); Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits Browser
- 107. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak RegisterWithTheService.as(’Connie’).withEmail(‘…’).withPassword(‘…’) const RegisterViaAPI = (details) => Task.where(`#actor registers via REST API`, Post.item(details).on(`https://myservice.com/api/accounts`), ); Document Library Notifications System Enterprise CMS Document Generator Customer Content Editor Edits document templates Sends email Reads documents “Prints” documents Delivers documents Notifies about new documents Triggers Business Event Customer Accounts Registers an account Emits API
- 108. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak Living Documentation
- 110. serenity-js.org#SerenityJS #FullStackCon @JanMolak When working on a new feature ask: - What’s the business goal? Why is this needed? - What’s the context? Who are the “users”? - What If something doesn’t go according to plan? - How are we going to test it? support it? measure the impact of our work?