Pertemuan 1 - 3 PENDAHULUAN Hdi Nasbey, M.Si Jurusan Fisika Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pemgetahuan Alam

Types of Sampling Methods Quota Samples Non-Probability Samples (Convenience) Judgement Chunk Probability Samples Simple Random Systematic Stratified Cluster 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id |

Types of Variables 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id | Qualitative Quantitative Discrete Continuous

Graphs Bar Chart: How often a particular category was observed Pie Chart: How the measurements are distributed among the categories 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id |

Example The prices ($) of 18 brands of walking shoes: 90 70 70 70 75 70 65 68 60 74 70 95 75 70 68 65 40 65 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id | 4 0 5 6 5 8 0 8 5 5 7 0 0 0 5 0 4 0 5 0 8 9 0 5 4 0 5 6 0 5 5 5 8 8 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 5 5 8 9 0 5 Reorder

Tabulating and Graphing Numerical Data Numerical Data Ordered Array Stem and Leaf Display Histograms Ogive Tables 41, 24, 32, 26, 27, 27, 30, 24, 38, 21 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 38, 41 Frequency Distributions Cumulative Distributions Polygons 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id | 2 144677 3 028 4 1

Frequency Distributions, Relative Frequency Distributions and Percentage Distributions Class Frequency 10 but under 20 3 .15 15 20 but under 30 6 .30 30 30 but under 40 5 .25 25 40 but under 50 4 .20 20 50 but under 60 2 .10 10 Total 20 1 100 Relative Frequency Percentage Data in ordered array: 12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id |

Graphing Numerical Data: The Histogram Data in ordered array: 12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58 No Gaps Between Bars Class Midpoints Class Boundaries 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id |

Graphing Numerical Data: The Frequency Polygon Class Midpoints Data in ordered array: 12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id |

Tabulating Numerical Data: Cumulative Frequency Cumulative Cumulative Class Frequency % Frequency 10 but under 20 3 15 20 but under 30 9 45 30 but under 40 14 70 40 but under 50 18 90 50 but under 60 20 100 Data in ordered array: 12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id |

Graphing Numerical Data: The Ogive (Cumulative % Polygon) Class Boundaries ( Not Midpoints ) Data in ordered array: 12, 13, 17, 21, 24, 24, 26, 27, 27, 30, 32, 35, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44, 46, 53, 58 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id |

Karakteristik SkalaPengukuran 01/02/11 © 2010 Universitas Negeri Jakarta | www.unj.ac.id | Skala Pengukuran Pembedaan Kategori Urutan/ Peringkat Jarak Di antara Kategori Nilai Absolut Nominal Ya - - - Ordinal Ya Ya - - Interval Ya Ya Ya - Rasio Ya Ya Ya Ya