India is on the cusp of a manufacturing revolution towards Industry 4.0 provided the Government and the Industry get together its acts. A number of policies require to be formulated and implemented especially in the SME sector. Not just announced and left for no one to understand and implement.

1. WHAT INDIA SHOULD DO
TO REACH INDUSTRY 4.0
JAYESH C S PAI

2. CLEAN UP EDUCATION SECTOR
 An education system which does not pay its teachers as per scale and managements
cover up their fraud under “not for profit” disguise will not generate the right
employable candidates for the Industry 4.0 revolution.
 The Government has to take the bull by its horns and clean up the Education system.
Make the private managements pay its teachers as per scale and regularly on time. And
make the teachers and students accountable. Tighten up the attendance system of
students with biometrics.
 Automatically we will start generating “Employable” graduates and postgraduates.
 India's private education sector is the second biggest generator of black money in the
country - National Institute of Public Finance and Policy (2014)
 “By 2020, the people of India will be more numerous, better educated, healthier and
more prosperous than any time in our long history” - India Vision 2020 document Niti
Aayog - ???????

3. India needs to create 1-2 million jobs per
month
 If India has to grow by 8% then it has to create at least 12 to
20 million jobs every year.
 Otherwise the Industry will take a tailspin
 Digital technologies in SME sector will create more jobs for
India. But we need “employable” graduates for that.
 And the jobs created will be for all streams. The over
emphasis on “engineering” or “technical” has to stop. We
need to open up on all streams of education.
 But the main criterial is “Labour Reforms”. Can the Govt
again take the bull by its horns and bring in more
Entrepreneurship.

4. National Policy for Advanced
Manufacturing
 India is still miles away from a National Policy.
 More than the Policy whether the Govt will implement it is the big question.
 For eg. the MSME sector should have been prime focus but there is a lack of
will to implement policies in this sector and there are a number of issues
which are still not tackled effectively.
 If Industry 4.0 has to succeed in India it is not the big companies but the SME
sector which is going to take it forward.
 And for advanced manufacturing to survive in SME sector requires a number
of current problems to be sorted urgently.

5. Productivity 4.0 in India
 If we are copying Industry 4.0 from Germany then why close our
eyes to Productivity 4.0 from Taiwan.
 Quality in India has always been passe. “Chalta Hai”
 Training of employees has been considered as time wasting and
money draining by SMEs. This has to change.
 To improve the productivity of labour and capital, targeted
programs to train plant operators, managers, maintenance
engineers, and other professionals to reach their manufacturing
potential has to be carried out.
 This requires hand holding by the Govt of India. How is the
question? Not the overhyped Skill Development. But-----

6. Infrastructure
 Data Transfer is pathetically slow. India is 91 in Network readiness Index. And we
claim to have the largest pool of engineers in the world. Even Sri Lanka at 63 is
doing better.
 Cyber security. When we are not able to protect the Aadhar data then how will
we protect other data. For digitization to take place fast, we need to install
cyber security everywhere. Bank ATMs are a prime example of sitting ducks.
 Experience Centres, Smart Cities, Highways, Railway expansion etc etc – The
plans are there but Cohesive planning is not there. All are compartmentalized
silos. Unless we have advanced manufacturing in SME sector and a push
towards sustainable synergy, we will not go forward.
 Funding Pilot projects and also R&D should get priority
 Let us have a look at the 9 key technological components of Industry 4.0 in
India

7. Big Data
 Missing the big picture
 The Indian government has launched a Big Data Initiative - Conducting
gap analysis in terms of skills levels and policy framework
 Smart Cities- will it become a scheme to ensure that every citizen is
dragooned into a digital grid at all times, so that they secrete a non-stop
data trail from birth to death. This data trail, would be continuously
captured and processed for optimal value extraction (read monetisation).
 According to NASSCOM, the IoT market in India is expected to reach $15
Bn by 2020, which will be roughly 5% of the global market.
 Why 5 % when we have the worlds largest pool of Engineers. Why is the
Govt not skilling them for Big Data.

8. Cloud computing
 Skill formation for handling complex cloud computing courses should
be popularised from the school level itself
 Corporate-owned data centre numbers will fall 80 percent by 2025 and
the same percentage of IT spending will be devoted to cloud services.
 If all SMEs in India were to adopt cloud computing, the market could
reach $56 billion, creating additional 1.1 million jobs in the near future.
 Single window clearance for data centers - ?????
 Provide incentives to education Cloud providers to develop content in
Indian languages. Textbooks in various languages should be made
available online at low costs.

9. Internet of things (IoT)
 India’s IoT market size is expected to increase about 7 times—from $1.3 billion
last year to $9 billion by 2020
 India needs to continue to build capabilities across technology areas of sensors
to adapt to rugged climate, terrain along with network infrastructure - Inter-
operatability standard issues
 Apart from internet connectivity the supporting infrastructure such as smart
grids, traffic systems, etc., are far from being ready for IoT in India.
 Security Concerns - With so many interconnected devices out there in market
and plenty more to come in the near future, a security policy cannot be an
afterthought.
 Key initiative taken by Government is the formation of Centre of Excellence on
Internet of Things as a joint initiative with NASSCOM. But it is not enough.

10. Simulations of Systems
 Assessment of various scenarios
 We are no where near.
 Consumers are the driving force behind Industry 4.0,
demanding that new and complex products reach the
market in a shorter span of time.
 Standards to curb waste production, maximize the use of
resources and thus reduce the cost of manufacturing a
product.

11. Augmented reality (AR)
 India has been slow to wake up to its potential, with most Indian startups in the
field still focused on making a mark in the VR segment of the market.
 One of the most difficult challenges about AR is educating the broader market. It is
important to build a strong pipeline of rising talent in the AR/VR community to
continue to innovate and develop this technology. It is critical that students have
exposure to this technology in the classroom.
 One of the key elements of good AR software will be an application’s ability to
collect and process potentially dozens of different inputs at a time, and changing
the experience based on new information. That software will need to be tied to
back-end services, through high-speed connections, effectively turning future AR
devices into the world’s most capable Internet of Things endpoints.

12. Cyber security
 The security of information becomes paramount as we move away from closed systems towards
increased connectivity from the IoT and cloud.
 Two things set aside India’s digital spaces from that of major powers such as the United States and
China: design and density. India is a net information exporter. Its information highways point west,
carrying with them the data of millions of Indians.
 The massive gap between the security offered by the cheapest phone in the Indian market and a
high-end smartphone makes it impossible for regulators to set legal and technical standards for
data protection.
 With little control over the hardware used by Indian Internet users as well as the information that is
carried through them, India’s national security architecture faces a difficult task in cyberspace. India’s
infrastructure is susceptible to four kinds of digital intrusions:
espionage, which involves intruding into systems to steal information of strategic or
commercial value;
cybercrime, referring to electronic fraud or other acts of serious criminal consequence;
attacks, intended at disrupting services or systems for a temporary period;
and war, caused by a large-scale and systematic digital assault on India’s critical installations.

13. System Integration
 In today’s day and age, when companies want to stay ahead of the
game they need all their systems to work synchronously. Systems that
are not integrated result in significant increases in cost and resource
consumption.
 Problem in India is “Accountability for time and resources”
 Bringing innovation and experience from working across industries
 Providing proper documentation for future reference – SOPs

14. Additive manufacturing
 Choosing the Right Additive Manufacturing Application
 Understanding Additive Manufacturing Materials Science - AM
materials are more expensive
 Integrating additive manufacturing into the conventional production
process.
 Safety, Counterfeiting and environmental issues are yet to be solved
 Mindset is most important
 For additive manufacturing to succeed, it is essential that hardware,
materials, and software are tightly aligned. Existing software built for
subtractive processes does not enable designers and engineers to
optimize for additive processes.

15. INDUSTRY 4.0