This document discusses the importance of introductions and conclusions in speeches. It notes that the opening and closing can make or break a speech due to the primacy-recency effect. Effective introductions should capture audience interest with techniques like questions, quotes, stories, facts, or humor and establish the speaker's credibility and state the topic and main points. Conclusions should provide closure, reinforce the main ideas with a summary, and include a memorable clincher to motivate the audience.

1. Chapter 9 Making Lasting Impressions: Introductions and Conclusions