L'Europe et au-delà

Europe and beyond: an appropriate scale for
Open Archives (repositories)

Paris, 2 April 2009
Dr.
Dr Norbert Lossau
Lossau,
Director Göttingen State and University Library
& Scientific Coordinator DRIVER

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License
Attribution Non-commercial ShareAlike 2.0 Germany 1

Topics

Why do we need repositories?
Repository ddevelopment: where d we stand?
do
R it l th t d?
DRIVER: from local repositories to an
international repositories infrastructure
Some challenges - and initiatives to address them
g
(PEER, OAPEN, datatsets in „enhanced
p
publications“))
The need for an independent International
Repositories Organisation (IRO)
What you can do to promote the development of
repositories in France
2

The „Berlin Declaration“ requests…

Free and unrestricted access
F d ti t d
to sciences and human knowledge representation
worldwide
(October 2003)

Needs a global, interoperable trusted long-term
global interoperable, trusted, long term
repository infrastructure


Repository Development: where do we stand?

• “R
“Research R
h Repositories i E
i i in Europe:
the 2008 DRIVER Inventory study”, Maurits van
der Graaf (on behalf f SURF,
d G f ( b h lf of SURF DRIVER)

=>…


Research Repositories in Europe

Topics
Growth, t t l number and situation
th total
G b d it ti
Contents, coverage and depositing
T h i li dt dd
Technical issues and standards
Services on top of repositories

Steady increase of number of Digital
Repositories
Total of 280, yearly increase by 25-30
Large part of universities in half of European countries


Conclusions content, coverage and depositing
More flexibility in access forms
Trend to more OA
Version of deposited full text articles
Trend towards depositing postprint stage
Work processes for depositing
No harmonisation
Growing (partly) mandatory d
G i ( tl ) dt depositing
iti
32% in 2008, while 25% in 2006
(Still) Coverage of a third
33% of Researchers delivering in repositories
35% of Research output of an institution deposited


Technical issues
Various technical issues 2008 2006
persistent identifier 84% 75%
long-term availability secured 52% 73%

statistical data on access and usage 72% 70%
some form of subject indexing 86% 93%
author identifier 31% 33% locally
developed

OPUS
CDSware
DIVA Fedora
iTOR
ARNO GNU DSpace MyCoRe VITAL other
Digitool
EPrint
t


Repository Development: where do we stand?

•O
OpenDOAR – a comprehensive register of di it l
DOAR h i it f digital
repositories worldwide
− More than 1300 repositories listed

=>…


OpenDOAR

Repository Type
p y yp
=>1072
institutional and
177 disciplinary

Content Type
=>815 hold
journal articles
articles,
318 Multimedia,
audiovisual
….
69 datasets,
27 software etc.
… This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License

OpenDOAR

=>Disciplines
763 Multidisciplinary
86 Science General
…
99 Health and
medicine
…
98 History and
Archaeology
Ah l
…
75 Social Sciences
General


DRIVER: The implementation of
a cross-country, repository
infrastructure
ast uctu e
DRIVER

Attribution Non-commercial ShareAlike 2.0 Germany
1 11

General Information: DRIVER II
Duration: 24 months cont…
Budget: 2.7 m EUR Univ. of Bath (UK)
Timeplan: 12/’07 -11/’09 Univ. of Warszawski
Main Deliverables: (PO)
Digital Repository Infrastructure Univ.
Univ of Gent (BE)
European Digital Repository Confederation Univ. of Goettingen
Funded by the European Commission, (GE)
“Research Infrastructure” Unit FP 7
Research Infrastructure Unit, Danish Technical
Consortium Partners University (DK)
Univ.of Athens (GR) Universidade do
Univ. of Bielefeld (GE) Minho (PT)
CNR-ISTI (IT) Narodna in
STICHTING SURF (NL) univerzitetna knijznica
j
(SLO)
Univ. of Nottingham (UK)

12
Attribution Non-commercial ShareAlike 2.0 Germany
1
12

DRIVER II activity areas and outcomes

Confederation
Organization of Digital
Repository Infrastructure Providers DRIVER
Portal &
Helpdesk
Hld k
Community Building &
Support
D-NET Software
D NET S ft
Open Source Software
“European Information
European
Digital Repository Space”
Infrastructure (Services & Data)

Studies &
Focused Studies & Demonstrators
Discovery
(e.g. enhanced publications”)
(e g “enhanced publications ) 13

DRIVER Midterm Review Pisa 30 January

The DRIVER Portal

www.driver-community.eu 15

D-NET Software: DRIVER Network-Evolution-Toolkit

Version 1.0 released under the Open Source Apache License
in June 2008; Version 2.0 scheduled for June 2009

The DRIVER Infrastructure Software includes:
Repository network administration software (such as the
Repository Network Manager, Resource Monitoring)
epos o y e o a age , esou ce o o g)
Support service to local repository managers and
aggregators (Validation Tool)
gg g ( )
Demonstrate end-user services
(Search, Browse, Profiling)

16

DRIVER Infrastructure
First implementation in operation: “European
Information Space
Space”
Moved to production mode on the 20 June 2008
Today 210+ repositories from 23 countries

Supports three groups of users:
S t th f
1. The repository manager
2. The
2 Th service provider
i id
3. The researcher, reader, public (demonstration of the
infrastructure)

17

Repository
Map
210
harvested
repositories
p

23
countries

1,000,000+
documents

18
18

Service Open Infrastructure (SOI)

Functionality Layer
User Interface Recomm. Community
Service Service Service
on
et

Informatio
ResulSe

Service
e
Service
e

Search User User

Repositorie
OAI-PMH Index Browse
uthn

Manager
Service

Service
Authz&Au

Store Aggregator
Text Engine
Service Service
Service

Validator Collection
Service Service
Enabling
Data Layer
y
Layer

Service Map

9
hosting
nodes

25+
Functionality
typologies
(services)

36
service
Instances

3
applications: DRIVER Main, Belgium, Spain-Recolecta

DRIVER Admin (Internal) Control Panel I

Monitor repository landscape I


DRIVER Admin (Internal) Control Panel II

Monitor repository landscape II


DRIVER Admin (Internal) Control Panel III

Repository D
R
Monitor & Pr
M r
Data
rocess
s

DRIVER Admin (Internal) Control Panel V

index profil upd
Chec repo
ck
x
ository
le dates
y

Interoperability: DRIVER Guidelines
- Chapter 1: Use of OAI-PMH
OAI PMH
- Chapter 2: Use of Metadata OAI_DC
- Chapter 3: Use of Best Practices for OAI DC
OAI_DC
- Chapter 4: Use of Compound Object Wrapping
- Chapter 5: Use of Vocabularies and Semantics
- Chapter
Ch t 6:
6 Use
U of
f Quality labels
Q lit l b l
- Chapter 7: Use of Persistent Identifiers
- Chapter 8: Use of Usage Statistics Exchange
- Chapter 9: Use of Intellectual Property Rights
(IPR)


DRIVER Guidelines in various languages


Guidelines
From the inventory study:
Does your repository follow the DRIVER guidelines? n %

We do not know about the DRIVER guidelines 49 27.5

We know about the DRIVER guidelines,
32 18.0
18 0
but do not follow them
We know about the DRIVER guidelines and
97 54.5
(make every effort) to follow them

72.5% knows DRIVER Guidelines; 54.5% tries to follow
them

Attribution Non-commercial ShareAlikeThis Germany
2.0 is as optional footer 27

How does DRIVER relate to international
repository communities?
DRIVER sees it’s mission as
it s
Catalyst for a global repository infrastructure
Develop and maintain the European repository
p p p y
infrastructure node
DRIVER liaises already with institutions and
initiatives from the U S Latin America China
U.S., America, China,
Japan, India and Africa
DRIVER collaborates with eIFL, the library support
organisation for developing countries
DRIVER liaises with the Object Reuse and
Exchange (ORE) project and SPARC, U S
SPARC U.S.


Some challenges - and initiatives to address
th
them
Filling repositories with content
Automated transfer from content to and among
repositories
Open Access in the Humanities & Social
Sciences
Si
Combining publications and datasets „enhanced
publications“


An introduction to:

February 2009
Fb
Supported by the EC eContentplus programme

PEER Publishing and the Ecology of European Research www.peerproject.eu

Stakeholders in scholarly communication

There are four key stakeholder groups:
• Publishers
• Researchers – authors and users
• Libraries and repositories
• Funding agencies

– All of the above stakeholder groups are represented within
PEER, both within the consortium & an advisory board
– PEER will look at the effects of the systematic archiving of
‘stage two’ outputs: the version of the author’s manuscript
accepted for publication


Purpose of PEER
p
Publishing & the Ecology of European Research

• Publishers and research community collaborate

• Develop an “observatory” to monitor the impact of
systematically depositing stage-two outputs on a large
scale

• Gather hard evidence to inform future policies


Objectives

• Dt
Determine h
i how l large-scale d
l deposit of stage-two outputs
it f t t tt
will affect journal viability
• Determine whether it increases access
• Determine whether it affects the broader ecology of
European research
• Determine the factors affecting readiness to deposit and
associated costs
•D
Develop model(s) t show h
l d l( ) to h how t diti
traditional publishing can
l bli hi
coexist with self-archiving


Consortium & other participants

The PEER consortium:
• International Association of Scientific, Technical and
Medical Publishers (STM)
( )
• European Science Foundation (ESF)
• Göttingen State and University Library (UGOE)
• M Pl
Max Planck Gk Gesellschaft (MPG)
ll h ft
• Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en
Automatique (
u o a que (INRIA) )
Plus technical partners: SURF & Universität Bielefeld

With other participants including:
• 11 STM publishers; Koninklijke Bibliotheek; Research
Teams and Expert Advisors from all stakeholder groups

Publishers at January 2009

• BMJ Publishing Group
• Cambridge University Press
• Elsevier
• IOP Publishing
• Nature Publishing Group
• Oxford University Press
• Portland Press
• Sage Publications
• Springer
• Taylor & Francis Group
• Wiley-Blackwell


Content

• Participating publishers collectively volunteer 300
journals (Life Sciences, Medicine, Physical Sciences, Social
Sciences & Humanities & other professional publications)

• Selection criteria
– European content – 20% or greater
– Quality – good quality, but reflecting a range by impact
factor
ft
– Subject – wide range

• Publishers set embargo periods appropriate for journal


User Involvement & Feedback

Authors
A th
• Deposit their stage-two outputs
• Participate in the behavioural research
• Representative authors participate in Author/User group

Repository Users
• Participate in the behavioural research
• Representative users participate in Author/User group


OAPEN – Open Access Publishing in
European Networks
<Scientific Board Meeting
Amsterdam 2009-03-02

The Consortium

Partners: Amsterdam University Press, Georg-
August-Universität Götti
A tU i ität Göttingen, M
Museum T Tusculanum
l
Press, Manchester University Press, Presses
Universitaire de Lyon, Firenze University Press,
University of A t d
Ui it f Amsterdam, U i University of L id
it f Leiden

Seven university presses as content providers
Two universities, as technology and research partner
Aimed at Academic publishers in Humanities and
Social Sciences
Building a network around OA publishing for
stakeholders within the academic community

Expected Results
Publication Model
OA funding model for e-books based on scientific
studies
(user needs, publication cultures OA models)
needs cultures,
Services and business plan for OA books and
services
Contract for licensing content
Agreement for OAPEN partnerships
Publishing Pl tf
P bli hi Platform
dedicated to monograph content in HSS in all its
dimensions
(text, multimedia, data, reader interaction)
supplemented by tools and services for e-publication,
digital printing (PoD)
(PoD),
marketing and digitization
Networked Online-Library y
Aggregated collection of OA books
Multi-lingual search

DRIVER – Enhanced Publications
The most important requirements for this demonstrator are:
Cover multiple scientific disciplines. The enhanced publications for the
demonstrator are chosen to cover typical material from the three scientific
disciplines: a hebrew database from the Alpha-studies, measurements from
the Beta-studies and survey data from the Gamma-studies.
Use OAI-ORE. OAI-ORE, as suggested in the report about Object Models,
and RDF are used to aggregate and serialize enhanced publications
publications.
Display data. Data is too often just a compressed archive of files. This
demonstrator should present the data behind a publication.
Navigation. Users can browse through all objects of the enhanced
publication.
Identification. All elements of the enhanced publications are atomic and
citable web resources that are identified by a persistent identifier.
Show interrelations. E h
Sh it l ti Enhanced publications connect existing resources.
d bli ti t i ti
Seen from the other side: existing resources will connect two enhanced
publication. Enhanced publications can create flocks of related research
activities

www.driver-community.eu

Lossau

Technical issues
Is your repository technically prepared for
Enhanced Publications?

no,
no but we have plans to prepare our repository
no, no plans
YES
No, but
N bt
NO

46 1% 32 6% 21 3%
46.1% 32.6% 21.3%

Metadata standards on the rise:
DIDL, MODS and OAI-ORE


The need for an independent International
R
Repositories O
it i Organisation (IRO)
i ti
To build a collective, powerful international voice in
promoting OA repositories and appropriate
ti it i d it
infrastructures
To make regional and national repository efforts visible
on a global scale
To create a network of expertise; broker & connect the
people and stakeholders
To help develop industry-like interoperability standards
industry like
To provide a seal for quality
To support professional education for repository
managers
To facilitate funding for repository infrastructures (for
beneficiaries outside of the actual IRO)

Confederation or an International Repositories
O
Organisation (IRO)
i ti tl i
current planning
Initial stimulus by the DRIVER project
(„Confederation“)
Group of founding members prepares statutes,
p g pp ,
governance & finance model etc.
Membership and partners/allies
Wider call for participation goes out in the
beginning of June
Launch scheduled for October 2009


What you can do to promote the development
of repositories i F
f it i in France?
?
1. Build informed communities within France, ,
address various stakeholders
2.
2 Introduce OA-components in your licencing
OA components
agreements with publishers
3.
3 Support technical interoperability
4. Connect to international initiatives, e.g.
1. As (founding) member in the upcoming International
Repositories organistion
2. Through active participation i th i t
2 Th h ti ti i ti in the international O
ti l Open
Access and repositories infrastructure development
(cf.
(cf OpenAIRE proposal to the EC)

Thank you for your
attention!

Photos: Ronald
Schmidt,
Schmidt Göttingen

Contact: lossau@sub.uni-goettingen.de
@ g g


L'Europe et au-delà

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