Practical strategies for exposing students to cultural sensitivity and generational differences.

1. Experiencing Diversity
Through the Lens of
Culture and Generations
JULIE GAHIMER HSD, PT
KYLIE BARNETT, UNIVERSITY OF INDIANAPOLIS, PRE-PT STUDENT
CROSS-POLLINATION (S) 2
FRIDAY, MARCH 25, 2017

2. OBJECTIVES OF THIS SESSION
1. Explore personal biases and how they may
influence our behavior
2. Present pedagogical examples to expose
students to issues of cultural sensitivity and
cultural diversity
3. Express the importance of understanding
generational differences in the workplace

3. Today’s Healthcare
Environment
❖ Diversity and inclusion are buzz words in our society due to
changing demographics
❖ Health professionals working with people from various
cultures and generations, in complex and fast-paced
environments
❖ Professionals must possess the knowledge, skills and attitudes
to work effectively with diverse populations.

4. So, What Are We Going To Do?
❖ Share resources utilized in an academic course for
healthcare students
❖ Show how these resources are generalizable to any
group of students
❖ Immerse participants in experiences related to diversity
to become more culturally sensitive and aware of
generational differences

5. Our Biases
 prejudice in favor of or against one thing,
person, or group compared with another,
usually in a way considered to be unfair
 synonyms: prejudice, partiality, partisanship,
favoritism, unfairness

6. Our Biases
Susan Boyle: Britain’s Got Talent
▶ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxPZh4AnWyk (5:39)

7. The 9 Most Important Things Noticed
About People in Our Society
(In order of preference)
The 4 Minute Sell, Jane Elsea
1. Skin Color
2. Gender
3. Age
4. Appearance
5. Facial expressions
6. Eye contact
7. Movement
8. Personal space
9. Touch

8. An Overview of Diversity Awareness
Penn State University
College of Agricultural Studies
http://extension.psu.edu/publications/ui362/view
❖ Lawyer
❖ Black male teenager
❖ Professor
❖ Man in a wheelchair
❖ Californian
❖ Homeless person
❖ Police Officer
❖ Politician
❖ 300-Pound Woman
❖ Farmer

9. Cultural Diversity and Sensitivity:
Melting Pot or Fruit Salad?

10. Cultural Competence Continuum
Hallowell, R. (2001)
❖ Cultural Destructiveness
❖ Cultural Incapacity
❖ Cultural Blindness
❖ Cultural Pre-Competence
❖ Cultural Competence
❖ Cultural Proficiency

11. National Standards for Culturally and
Linguistically Appropriate Services in Health
Care (CLAS)
▶ Collective set of mandates and guidelines that inform, guide and
facilitate both required and recommended practices related to
culturally and linguistically appropriate health services.
▶ Developed by the HHS Office of Minority Health in 2000 updated in
2013
▶ “Aim is to improve health care quality and advance health equity
by establishing a framework for organizations to serve the nation's
increasingly diverse communities.”
▶ https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/browse.aspx?lvl=2&
lvlid=53

12. Culturally and Linguistically
Appropriate Services Document

13. Iceberg Theory of Culture
Edward T Hall (1976)

14. The Wheel of Diversity
Johns Hopkins University

15. Animaniac’s Nations of the World
▶ https://youtu.be/x88Z5txBc7w (1:58)

16. Wake Up Everybody Video
▶ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rrF3H5EgmHY 6:54

17. If the World Were 100 People
▶ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QFrqTFRy-LU (2:27)

18. A Hog on Ice: and Other
Curious Expressions

19. The Mindset for the Class of 2020
Beloit College
❖ https://www.beloit.edu/mindset/2020/slideshow/
❖ Students heading into their first year of college this year
are mostly 18 and were born in 1998.
❖ There has always been a digital swap meet called eBay.
❖ West Nile has always been a virus found in the U.S.
❖ Vladimir Putin has always been calling the shots at the Kremlin.
❖ The Sandy Hook tragedy is their Columbine.
❖ Cloning has always been a mundane laboratory procedure.
❖ The United States has always been at war.
❖ Euros have always been the coin of the realm...well, at least part of the realm.
❖ They have never had to watch or listen to programs at a scheduled time.

20. Mindset List for the Class of 2020
Beloit College
❖ Books have always been read to you on audible.com.
❖ Citizens have always been able to register to
vote when they get their driver’s license.
❖ Bluetooth has always been keeping
us wireless and synchronized.
❖ X-rays have always been
digital allowing them to be read immediately.
❖ They have never seen billboard ads for cigarettes.
❖ Airline tickets have always been purchased online.
❖ There have always been iMacs on desks.
❖ Instant, tray-less ice cubes have never been a novelty.
❖ Robots have always been surgical partners in the O.R.

21. Generational Differences
in the Workplace
Generational commonalities cut across racial, ethnic, and
economic differences…They all share with their generation
what was in the air around them --- news events, music,
national catastrophes, heroes, and heroic efforts.

22. Generational Differences
in the Workplace
Depending on when people are/were coming of
age, these events of their time have had a
significant impact on their belief of the “way
things should be.”*

23. We Didn’t Start the Fire
Billy Joel
Brief, rapid-fire allusions to more than 100 headline
events between 1949, the year of Joel's birth, and
1989.
The song was also a No. 1 hit in the US.

24. 5 Identified Generations
Coexisting in the World
What is “right” for
one generation is
often in conflict with
what is “right” for
another generation

25. Identified Generations
Coexisting in the Workplace
Silent Generation 1933-1945
Boomer Generation 1946-1964
Generation X 1965-1976
Millennial Generation 1977-1998

26. Strauss-Howe Generational Theory
(1991, 1997)
Each generation
belongs to one of four
types that surfaces
from a repeating,
sequential, fixed
pattern.

27. You Tube Videos Related to the
Different Generations
Defining Moments in Each Generation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zyySTAkduiE (8:38)
Generations in the Workforce
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wiIFWmyvZu4 (3:20)
Funny video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Of0ECLMHgjA (2:25)

28. Every Generation Has its Own Soundtrack
(Crocker, CSM 2008)
❖ The Silent Generation (born in the '20s and '30s)
Big band and swing
❖ Baby Boomers (born in the '40s and '50s)
Rock and soul
❖ Generation X (born in the '60s and '70s)
Grunge and hip-hop
 Generation Y/Millennials (born in the 80’s and 90’s)
“Maybe it hasn't been defined yet. I've been talking with the other producers
here — several of them Millennials themselves — and we're a little stumped.”
(Robin Hilton, NPR)
 Generation Z

29. Generation Z
Post-Millennials, iGeneration, Plurals, Homeland
Generation
No precise dates for when the Gen Z cohort
starts or ends
Mid-1990s to early 2000s, and as of yet there is
little consensus about ending birth years.

30. The Good Wife’s Guide Housekeeping
Monthly, May 13, 1955
https://larrytemple.wordpress.com/2008/05/01/actual-1955-good-
housekeeping-article/

31. 1940S
31

32. 1950S
32

33. 1960S
33

34. 1970S
34

35. 1980S
35

36. 1990S
36

37. 2000S
37

38. THE LOST, GREATEST GENERATION

39. THE LOST GENERATION
May West
L. Armstrong
Al Capone
Pres. Truman

40. THE G.I. GENERATION

41. THE G.I. GENERATION
Doris Day Pres. Reagan
Judy Garland
John Steinbeck
Walt Disney
Nelson Mandela

42. THE SILENT GENERATION

43. THE SILENT GENERATION
Bill Cosby
Paul Simon
Colin Powell
Dr. King
Alvin Tofler
Empress Michiko

44. THE BOOM GENERATION

45. THE BOOM GENERATION
President
Clinton
Stephen
Spielberg
Bill Bennett
Spike Lee
Oprah
Bill Gates

46. GENERATION X

47. GENERATION X
Jesse Jackson,
Jr.
Michael
Andressen
Winona Ryder
Tom Cruise
Cindy Crawford
Michael Dell
Jon Heder
Princess Diana
Paul Potts

48. THE MILLENNIALS

49. THE MILLENNIALS
Frankie Muniz
The Olsens
Tera Lapinski
The Hansens
Sanjya

50. References
Crocker, Becky (2008). The Music of Our Lives: Using Music to Motivate Movement, Combined Sections
Meeting, American Physical Therapy Association, Nashville, TN.
Leavitt RL. Cross-cultural Rehabilitation: An International Perspective. London:W.B.
Saunders;2001.
Leavitt R. Cultural considerations when treating a diverse patient population: developing cultural
competence. Orthop Phys Ther Clin of North Am. 1999;8:185-201.
Rose, PR. Cultural Competency fo the Health Professional Jones and Bartlett Learning, Burlington,
MA 2003.
Royeen M, Crabtree J. Culture in Rehabilitation: From Competency to Proficiency. Upper Saddle
River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall; 2006
Schullery, N. M. (2013). Workplace Engagement Generational Differences in Values. Business
Communication Quarterly, 76(2), 252-265.
Strauss, W., & Howe, N. (1991). Generations: The history of America's future, 1584 to 2069. New
York: Morrow.
Spector RE. Cultural Diversity in Health and Illness. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
Health;2000.