WELCOME.
T.Johnson. Principal of BE.d
College Kannanallor.

CAN YOU SAY WHAT IS OUR SUBJECT OF
TALK.

INSTRUCTIONAL PLANNING
What is planning.
Which parts of given course content
need to be emphasized more
What teaching method need to be
used to achieve the desired outcome.
How should instructions be planned
to achieve the objective in a specified
time.

WHAT TO PLAN- (THE CONTENT)
In the process of planning
the teacher arranges the
content out line or subject
matter under series of
headings, topics and sub-
headings sub-topics.

SUBJECT MATTER FOR TEACHING.
Don’t leave any portion from
the text book
Let the children may have a
self study
 You are suppose to probe
into it.

METHODS TO BE USED DURING
TEACHING
How to present your content.
The teaching is 4 what.

THE TEACHER IS THE ONE WHO HELPS TO
OPEN THE EYES
 Teaching is to bring a desired change in the
behavior of student.
 So here the method to be adopted is an important
thing

TEACHER SHOULD KNOW
Facts
Concepts
Rules
Generalization

WHAT IS FACT
 Facts are based on observations of events that
have either occurred in the past or exist in the
present.
 Example sun rises in the east

CONCEPT.
 Concepts are the names given to the categories
formed as a result of classifying factual data.
 Cat, dog
 Then they are called animal also.

RULES AND REGULATIONS
 Statements that link two or more concepts.
 Eg., Every action has equal and opposite reaction
is a principle in science.

The teacher should be master of all
the above stated aspects of every
chapter.

PLANNING AND LEVELS OF
INSTRUCTION.
 Who is the best teacher in the world.
 One who teaches
 One who love students
 One who punishes students
 or the person who does all the above.

WHAT KIND OF A TEACHER YOU
ARE.
Teacher of high standard
Average
Below average
Or one who can go to any
realm .of the above

THREE LEVELS OF TEACHINGS ARE THERE.
 Memory level.
Fro passing an information to
students the teacher may
decide that students should
memories and retain the
factual material. This kind of
learning is called memory
level of learning.

 Understanding level
Here the student assimilate the
content and apply the knowledge
in different situations.
The learner is given an
opportunity to practice the
learnt content on his/ her own
life situation.

REFLECTIVE LEVEL.
Learner is engaged
in original,
imaginative and the
critical approach to
the subject and does
deep thinking.

YOU MAY SAY THAT WHICH LEVEL YOU
TEACH
Memory
Understanding
Reflective
Or all.?

ORGANIZING LEARNING
How you start a class.
By?s
Jokes
Attendance
Opening the book and
starting.

 There is theoretical journey

Ask first what the learner
already knows.
Then step by step easy to
complex.
Concepts and sub-concepts
should be taught.

PLAN ACCORDING TO THE STUDENTS NEED
AND INTEREST
It also depends upon the capacity of
the teacher in using a suitable
situation for assessing students
needs and interests
His or her ability to provide
examples and explanations which
result in meaningful learning
experience for the students.

Teacher should have
imagination, creativity
and insight in planning
the lessons.

FIRST STEP
Content analysis.
Knowledge does not respect any
boundaries.
But time calls one to be in a boundary
Organize the content.
That means breaking the content into
its constituent parts.
A sequential division of main topic
into sub-topics.

Second step.
 Selecting suitable presentation Mode.
What all teaching modes you
have administered in your
carrier of teaching ?

YOU SHOULD SEEK
What is the best way to go about
teaching each topic?
What method should be
used?
What question should be asked?

CRITERIA FOR SELECTING
PRESENTATION MODE
1. instructional objective.
Only through a particular
mode of presentation the
instructional objectives
can be achieved.

SUBJECT MATTER.
The nature and
structure of the subject
matter that the teacher
intends to handle
decides the mode of
presentation

STUDENTS BACKGROUND
Teacher should be able to
understand the characteristics of the
students.
Abilities
Social and economic backgrounds
Teachers teaching style.
Some teachers may be able to
handle 100 together but some not.

3ED STEP
Selection of media
Any thing any everything which
is suitable for the transaction of
the content.

DECISION ABOUT THE MEDIA
 1. what is to be taught
 2.how it is to be taught
 3.how its effectiveness can be tested
 4.how much teacher knows to operate the
hardware used with the selected media.

4TH STEP
Coordinating the media with
teaching methods.
For example. CD is more
effective for a verbal
information while live
demonstration are more
effective for developing
psychomotor skill.

5TH STEP IS
 Detailing the task.
That means all the above 4
aspects taken together and
write it in detail for the
presentation within the
allotted time.

TEACHER AS A PLANNER.
He or she is the provider of
curriculum
Five aspects they have to
take care.

AS TEACHER OF YOUR DISCIPLINE
How is your planning for
teaching the content.

FIRST STEP
Emphasizing particular parts
of the curriculum.
Which area should be given
importance to full fill the
objectives

SECOND STEP.
Choice of teaching method.
Lecturing can convey
information's and debate can
encourage the sharing of ideas or
concepts.
According to the diverse needs
interests and aspiration of the
student teacher should cater.

THE TEACHING METHOD CAN BE
CLASSIFIED
Interactive
Self- directed
Computer assisted.
All the methods should foster the
natural capacities of the student.
The methods are best suited in
shaping raw human talent into
definite assets and abilities.

IN INTERACTIVE METHOD.
Both teacher and student
plays equal role.
Here the teacher checks the
learning mastery

SELF DIRECTED.
Minimum of teacher
direction and control.

CAI
 finish one step then go to
another.

CHOICE OF INTERACTIONAL PATTERN.
Socio- cognitive
interaction between the
teacher and student
happens here.

CHOICE OF INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIA
What all instructional
media you are using.
Chalk and blackboard.
Electronic devices such as
computer tv etc.,

CHOICE OF EVALUATION MODE
Administration of the
test to check how
effective your teaching
is.

THE BOOKS FOR FURTHER HELP
Taba hilda. Curriculum
development theory and
practice.
John wiles the
essentials of teaching.

ANOTHER DIMENSION OF PLANNING
 Boozing defines, an organized
statement of general and
specific goal together with
the specific means by which
these goals are to be attained
by the learner under the
guidance of a teacher on a
given day.

IN IT
1. the effective organization of the
subject matter and activities in the
limited time.
2.realization of the goals and
objectives in the preparation of the
subject matter, procedures and
activities and the preparation of the
test to evaluate the progress.

3. development of insights,
interest, special activities and
desirable habit among the
students.
4. Co- ordination in teaching
learning process.
5. increase in teacher
confidence and competence.

NEED FOR PLANNING
 1.planning keeps both the teacher and
student on the right path
 2. planning makes the teaching activity
more meaningful
 3. it is a yardstick to measure success or
failure
 4.planning is a time saving device
 5. it is helpful to the teacher to illustrate
teaching material effectively
 6. it help the teacher to avoid unnecessary
repetitions

PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
1.planning should be flexible
2. the teacher should have
proper content knowledge
3.teacher should have sufficient
training on the method and
teaching of the subject.

4.planning should be done
in advance
5. teacher should provide
opportunity to the
student for the practical
use of their knowledge.

YEAR PLAN
Year plan is a plan for an
academic year.
Planning first starts at national
level then state level before the
starting of an academic year.
School will make a year plan
All the teachers will make a year
plan.

 Planning will give a design of the work to
be executed during the year as whole.
 In it the total material is divided into
units and units into daily lessons
 Year plan suggests what to do with the
subject within the time limit. Here
various units, content should be taught,
number of periods required to finish the
portions.

It suggests the method of
teaching, provides the details
of the aids and equipments,
their source etc.,
Examination days, holidays
are also prepared.

ADVANTAGES OF YEAR PLAN
1. it gives an idea on the syllabus to
be covered in the whole year.
2.the year plan helps for better
timing
3. it enable us to check the proper
coverage of the portion within the
time limit.
4. promote professional co-operation
and mutual exchange of ideas.

5.it may give
suggestions to make
teaching interesting
effective and
purposeful

UNIT PLAN
A unit plan is a mutually related
content or it is a large segment of
subject matter having a common
fabric of knowledge.
In a unit there will be sub- units
called topics.
A unit is in fact a compound of lesson
and moderates mixture of lessons
that it is just long cut-out of the total
subject matter.

UNIT PLAN.
It is the meaningful whole taken
from the curriculum which can be
effectively dealt with the realization
of a set of anticipated objectives
The unit plan includes
-the importance of the unit
-general information such as subjects
-standard.

UNIT PLAN
Time
Pre-requisits
 learning experience etc.
After teaching each unit
test may be
administered.

FORMAT OF A UNIT PLAN
Name of the
teacher
Name of the
school
Standard
subject
Unit
which periods
Time for each
period
Date

THE CONTENT IN A UNIT PLAN.
I. Is content analysis
1. Terms
2. Facts
3. Concepts
4. Principle
5. Instructional objectives
6. Pre-requisites

STEPS IN PLANNING A UNIT
The following are the main steps
in preparation of a unit plan.
1. content analysis
It is the analysis of the subject
matter in the unit. It is advised
to split the subject matter in a
unit into sub-units or topics.

 Content analysis is done by the teacher
fro the following purpose.
 1 .to determine the scope of the unit
 2.To know the number of teaching lessons
in that unit
 3. to develop mastery over the subject
 4. to know the recent trend in that
subject area.
 5. to plan for teaching and testing.

VARIOUS ASPECTS INCLUDED IN CONTENT
ANALYSIS.
1. terms
A term is a new definable
word having specific meaning
to the pupil
For eg. Norms of
anthropology, French
revolution

2. FACTS
It is an event or a
phenomena that has
occurred and being
recorded with out
disagreement among the
observers.

3. CONCEPT.
Concept is a
generalized
statement built upon
several facts.

PRINCIPLES (RULES)
It is a statement
predicting the inter
relationship among two or
more complex ideas based
on several concepts

PROCESS.
It is a serious of tasks
or works in a sequential
order done by the
teacher- or teaching.

II. SELECTION OF THE INSTRUCTIONAL
OBJECTIVES
It is the observable
or measurable
behavioral change in
the learner.

III THE LEARNING ACTIVITIES
The learning
experience
provided to the
children.

IV. LEARNING AIDS
Map, chart,
globe, audio-
visual aids etc.,

PLANNING EVALUATION
Every evaluation
should be completed
by evaluation.
Teaching and testing
should go hand

ADVANTAGE OF UNIT PLAN
 1. the unit plan makes school work
meaningful
 2. unit plan provides for individual
difference directed study and remedial
teaching
 3.Aims are clear and well defined
 4. it should provide activities for the
student
 5. it should cater the needs, interests, and
capabilities of the student.

LESSON PLAN
A proper planning of the lesson is
the key to effective teaching. This
planning will give an idea that how
to teach in the class room.
How to correlates the concepts in
real life situation.
According to the L.V. Stand lesson
plan is a plan of action implemented
by the teacher in the class room.

LESSON PLAN
What a teacher
should do in a
period is
determined by the
lesson plan.

VALUES AND IMPORTANCE OF LESSON
PLAN
1. achievement of definite goals
and objectives
2. prevention of wastage
3.self confidence of the task of
the teacher.
4. effectiveness in the learning
process
5. evaluation is possible

AIMS OF THE LESSON PLAN
1. the knowledge that the
student have acquired
2. the direction towards which
the students have to be carried
3. systematic knowledge of the
subject to the student is possible.


FUNCTIONS OF LESSON PLAN
 1. it limit with the field of work of the
teacher and also students and provide a
definite objects for each day work
 2. since the goal is fixed so teacher gets a
sprit to achieve the goal
 3. it prevent the teacher going out of the
track
 4. it helps the teacher to organize and
systematize the learning process.
5. avoids unnecessary repetition.

THANKS
Lesson plan you
may prepare from
your subject.