overview on the branch oral and maxillofacial surgery

1. JOEL D’SILVA
1ST YEAR OMFS PG STUDENT

2. DEFINITION
• “Oral and Maxillofacial surgery is the specialty of dentistry that includes the diagnosis and
surgical and adjunctive treatment of disease, injuries and defect, including both the
functional and esthetic aspects of hard and soft tissues of oral and maxillofacial region”
Peterson

3. HISTORY OF ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

4. EVOLUTION OF A SURGEON

5. HIPPOCRATES (460 BC)
• The famous Greek physician Hippocrates, described manually reducing dislocation of the
mandible, indicating the long history of this discipline

6. • 1210, A Group of Barbers was created in France, split into two groups; surgeons for more
complex operations, and surgeons for simpler procedures.
• 1575 Ambrose Pare (the Father of Surgery) published Complete Works. Carried information
on tooth extraction and jaw fractures.
• Pierre Fauchard in 1728 wrote a treatise called "The Surgeon Dentist.
• Simon Hullen after completing medical degree was inspired about Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery. He helped develop many modern tecinique of Maxillofacial surgery and contributed
to the establishment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery as a surgical speciality in U.S. he is
considered to be the first oral surgeon in U.S
Ambrose Pare

7. • CHALMERS J. LYONS (1874-1935)
He established principles of gentle surgery that advanced the specialty and made extensive
contributions to the oral surgery literature.
• MATHEW H. CRYER (1840-1921)
He invented many instruments for the removal of teeth and other surgical procedures In
1901 he established the first dental service at the Philadelphia hospital.
• ROBERT H. IVY(1881-1974)
He was a great founder of oral surgery and plastic surgery.
“Ivy loop” for the treatment of jaw fractures

8. FATHER OF ORAL SURGERY
JAMES EDMUND GARRETSON
• James Edmund Garretson (1829-1895) MB DDS was a professor of Dental college in Philadelphia.
• With his work a treatise on the diseases and surgery of mouth jaws and associated parts first published
in 1869, helped to establish Oral & Maxillofacial surgery in U.S
• He is known as the father of oral surgery he established oral surgery as a branch of medicine and
dentistry though distinct from both

9. WORLD WAR II
During the second world war, OMFS emerged as one of the major specialties.

11. SUSHRUTA -FATHER OF INDIAN SURGERY

12. • “Surgery is the first and the highest division of the healing art, pure in itself, perpetual in its applicability, a
working product of heaven and sure of fame on earth" - Sushruta (400 B.C.)
• Sushruta (600 BC) taught and practiced surgery on the banks of the Ganges
• His contribution:
1. authored Susrutha Samhita.
2. 120 surgical instruments,
3. 300 surgical procedures
4. 650 drugs .
5. Father of plastic surgery and cosmetic surgery

13. SUSRUTA’S KNOWLEDGE FROM INDIA TO WORLD
• The Sushruta samhita was translated into Arabic and Persian.
• Sushrutha used skin flaps for repairing nose, procedure is described in Sushruta Samhita. This procedure was
observed in India by a British Surgeon in 1793 and published in London

14. SCOPE OF ORAL & MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY

15. • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery is an evolving field and evolvement of new
techniques has widened the scope of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
• Today the scope of OMFS practice continues to expand as a result of
educational process that is responsive to the changing needs of the specialty
• Stem cell technology and Microvascular surgery is finding a promisable scope
in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

17. SCOPES …….
• Dentoalveolar surgery
• Diagnosis and treatment of benign pathology, cysts, tumors head and neck oncology.
• Diagnosis and treatment of congenital craniofacial malformations
• Diagnosis and treatment of soft and hard tissue trauma of the oral and maxillofacial region.
• Diagnosis and treatment of chronic facial pain disorders
• Diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders.
• Cosmetic surgery limited to the head and neck.
• implants

18. DENTOALVEOLAR SURGERY
• Surgery to remove impacted teeth, difficult tooth extractions, extractions on medically compromised
patients
• Bone grafting or preprosthetic surgery to provide better anatomy for the placement of implants,
dentures, or other dental prostheses.

19. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF BENIGN PATHOLOGY,
CYST TUMORS AND HEAD AND NECK ONCOLOGY

20. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HARD AND SOFT
TISSUE TRAUMA OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION
• Mandibular fractures
• Zygomatic fractures
• Nasal bone fractures
• Le-Fort fractures
• Skull fractures
• Orbital fractures

22. ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY

23. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC FACIAL PAIN
DISORDERS

24. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL CRANIOFACIAL
MALFORMATIONS
Cleft lip and palate and cranial vault malformations such as craniosynostosis (Craniofacial
Surgery)

25. TMJ DISORDERS
• Muscle disorders
• Derangement disorders
• Degenerative disorders
• Ankylosis

26. MANAGEMENT OF DENTOALVEOLAR PATHOLOGY
PATHOLOGY

27. IMPLANTS

28. COSMETIC SURGERY
• Rhytidectomy/facelift, browlift/blepharoplasty, otoplasty, rhinoplasty, septoplasty.
• Cheek augmentation, chin augmentation, genioplasty, neck liposuction, lip enhancement.
• Injectable cosmetic treatments, botox, chemical peel.

29. TRAINING IN OMFS

30. AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND AND NORTH AMERICA
4–6 years of further formal university training after dental school (DDS, BDent, DMD or BDS)
Four year residency program Six year residency program

31. Four year residency program
• Residents will be granted the speciality training certificate in Oral & Maxillofacial surgery
Six year residency program
• Residents will be granted the speciality certificate in addition to the medical degree

32. CANADA
• Canadian training programs, are "dual-degree". The trainees obtain a degree in medicine as
well as a specialty certificate in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

33. • The training followed in most of the countries is like
• After high school candidate should do a pre med degree (BS, BA) which will take 2-4 years
• Two years in case of full time course and four years in case of part time course
• Then 4 years of basic dental degree training (DMD, BDent, DDS or BDS)
• Then 4-6 years of speciality training program i.e four year residency program or six year residency program
• after completing six year residency program oral and maxillofacial surgeons are now also obtaining fellowships
with the American College of Surgeons (FACS)

35. TRAINING IN INDIA
• 5 years of undergraduate course in dentistry (BDS)
• 3 years of post graduation in OMFS (MDS)
• Research and specialization in micro vascular surgery and reconstruction.
• MBBS after MDS , here the candidate has to undergo training for 3 years to obtain the degree
• Maxillofacial surgeons having the medical degree can go for fellowships like FACS FORCS

36. • The IAOMS Foundation (IAOMSF) was established in September 1996 with the mission of passing on the
priceless gift of knowledge. The Foundation directly supports surgeon-to-surgeon educational efforts
led by experienced clinicians who travel from East Africa and Asia to Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia,
Eastern Europe and Latin America to teach young surgeons and trainees state-of-the art skills and
procedures. The Foundation also works to help secure donations for needed medical equipment in
these underserved areas.

37. Kishore Nayak
President of The IAOMS Foundation (IAOMSF)

38. • Asian Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (Asian AOMS) is a not-for-profit professional
association. Asian AOMS aims to improve the quality and standards of the specialty of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery and is committed towards promoting academic and clinical excellence amongst
oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the Region. Asian AOMS is affiliated to the International Association of
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.

39. ASSOCIATION OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL
SURGEONS IN INDIA (AOMSI)
• The AOMSI is a registered organization and admits qualified Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons as Life or
Annual members. The Association is committed to the promotion of the specialty through its scientific
deliberations and social causes.

40. • The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS), the professional organization
representing more than 9,000 oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the United States, supports its
members' ability to practice their specialty through education, research, and advocacy. AAOMS
members comply with rigorous continuing education requirements and submit to periodic office
examinations, ensuring the public that all office procedures and personnel meet stringent national
standards.

41. • EACMFS was established in 1970 by a group of innovative European surgeons who were keen to
advance the specialty. It is has become the most prominent and highly respected professional group for
the specialty in Europe and has a high profile in other parts of the World.

42. • BAOMS is a registered charity, and a company limited by guarantee, not having share capital. The
overall strategic direction of the charity is determined by the trustees, who are assisted and advised by
the other officers and members of the Council of the Association.

44. 1st International Oral & Maxillofacial
Surgery
PG convention in India
AOMSI in association with Asian
Association
Successfully conducted this

45. CONCLUSION
Oral surgery has emerged as a specialised branch of dentistry over the course of time and has
opened new options in fields of surgery beyond basic dentistry.
As a OMFS surgeon one can move out of oral cavity and explore the fields of oncology, plastic
surgeries, craniofacial surgeries ,microvascular surgeries and much more……………..

46. THANK YOU…………..