Papyrus Summer 2006

1. I N T E R N AT I O N A L A S S O C I AT I O N O F M U S E U M FA C I L I T Y A D M I N I S T R AT O R S
VOLUME 7
NUMBER 2 PAPYRUS SUMMER
2006
The 16th Annual IAMFA Conference
Los Angeles, California—September 17–20, 2006
You won’t want to miss the 16th Annual IAMFA Conference mention the IAMFA conference to get the special rate. You
this fall in Los Angeles. This year’s event features a number may also book your room online at www.fairmont.com.
of different venues, a great guest program, and presentations Internet users must use the promotional code GRMUS1
that we’re sure members will find very interesting. Please to make their requests. The hotel will extend the program
visit www.iamfa.org if you have not yet registered for this rate (3) days prior and (3) after conference dates, based
year’s conference. on availability.
Events begin on Sunday, September 17 at 7:30 a.m. with Following registration on Sunday evening, we will stroll
the customary one-day benchmarking meeting, held each a few blocks down the beach to the Santa Monica Pier,
year in advance of the conference itself. Please remember where we will have dinner at the Bubba Gump Shrimp
that attendance at this Sunday-morning meeting is limited to Company. The restaurant is right on the beach, so we will
the 44 member institutions which participated in the 2006 begin with a great meal, and a California sunset—a great
IAMFA benchmarking exercise. The benchmarking meeting way to kick off this year’s conference.
will be held at the Fairmont Miramar hotel. After dinner, there are several entertainment options: live
Registration will take place on Sunday afternoon from music and dancing at the pier, and amusement park rides
3:00 to 5:00 p.m. at the Fairmont Miramar, our official such as the pier roller coaster, carousel or the pier ferris
accommodation for the conference. For a sneak preview of wheel. It’s also a short walk to the Third Street Promenade,
this spectacular hotel, visit www.fairmont.com/santamonica. where you can shop, or just relax and take in the ocean
If you have not already reserved your accommodations, and beach experience. Sunday night will be very informal,
please remember to contact the hotel directly by phone at allowing everyone an opportunity to have a great time
(800) 441-1414 or (310) 576-7777 to book your room, and along the beach.
continued on page 2
INSIDE THIS ISSUE
Message from the President . . . . . . . . . 5
Air Tightness Strategies—The British
Library Additional Storage Program
Construction Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Apprenticing in Facilities Management . . 11
IAMFA Benchmarking Exercise 2006 . . . 12
The Donald W. Reynolds Center for
American Art and Portraiture Opens . . . 14
Getty Center Becomes First Facility
in the U.S. to be Rated “Green” . . . . . . 16
Regional Chapters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
The Canadian War Museum—
River Water for Sanitary Use . . . . . . . . . 21
Letter from the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Bubba Gump Shrimp Company on Santa Monica Beach.

2. The 16th Annual IAMFA Conference — continued from page 1
On Monday morning, the three-day one of the region’s most popular areas
IAMFA conference begins. Members to spend an evening.
will depart by bus for a short ride On Tuesday morning, members
up the Pacific Coast Highway to the will leave the hotel for the Los Angeles
re-imagined Getty Villa in Malibu. The County Museum of Art (LACMA), located
Villa—a Roman-style villa modeled after on Wilshire Boulevard’s “Miracle Mile”,
the Villa dei Papiri at Herculaneum— between downtown Los Angeles and
is situated above the coastline and offers Beverly Hills. Members will hear presen-
unique views of the Pacific Ocean and tations on the physical Transformation
Santa Monica Pier.
the Santa Monica Mountains. The villa expansion at LACMA, as well as pre-
opened in 1974, and was home to the sentations on a new Asset Management
J. Paul Getty Museum until 1997, when more information on the Villa, please System at the Smithsonian. We will
it closed for a major renovation, six visit www.getty.edu. also have our IAMFA Annual Business
months prior to the opening of the As always, this year’s conference Meeting on Tuesday morning, a tour
Getty Center in Los Angeles. The Villa includes a great guest program, so don’t of LACMA’s encyclopedic collection,
reopened in January 2006 with a new miss this opportunity to bring along and updates from our three IAMFA
mission as an educational center and someone special—kids will have a great subcommittee leaders. More on the
museum dedicated to the study of the time, too! On Monday, guests will spend Los Angeles County Museum of Art
arts and cultures of ancient Greece, the day at Universal Studios in Holly- can be found at www.lacma.org.
Rome, and Etruria. wood. Universal Studios is the place to After lunch, members will head
Monday’s agenda includes several experience the Hollywood scene, tour across the street to the Petersen
presentations on topics including the movie lots, and take amusement rides, Automotive Museum: a unique and
renovation of the Getty Villa, the com- each with a different movie theme. Find captivating museum that we are for-
missioning of the J. Paul Getty Museum out more about Universal Studios at tunate to be able to include on our
building, emergency preparedness, and www.universalstudios.com. agenda. This new twist on a typical
fire protection strategies for historic At the conclusion of this first day, museum experience gives IAMFA
museums. A summary of the annual members and guests have a free even- members an opportunity to enjoy a
benchmarking exercise will also be ing. There are many choices for dinner slice of automotive history before
presented on Monday. The day’s activi- and evening entertainment within walk- returning to the hotel. For more infor-
ties also include an opportunity to ing distance of the hotel. This would mation on the Petersen Automotive
tour the Villa’s gardens, its exhibition be a good opportunity to spend some Museum, please visit their website at
galleries, and “back of house”. For time on the Third Street Promenade: www.petersen.org.
The Getty Villa in Malibu California. The Los Angeles County Museum of Art.
2

3. Meanwhile, guests will begin Tuesday renowned architect Frank Gehry.
with a bus trip along the coast, through Many of our members saw another of
the Santa Monica Mountains to the Gehry’s creations at last year’s IAMFA
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library in conference in Bilbao: the Guggenheim
Simi Valley (www.reaganlibrary.net). Museum. The Walt Disney Concert
Many people remember seeing glimpses hall (www.wdch.laphil.com) is the new
of the library two years ago, during home of the Los Angeles Philharmonic
the funeral of former President Ronald Orchestra. It is considered one of the
Reagan. Last fall, the Reagan Library most acoustically sophisticated concert
completed an expansion project, includ- halls in the world, providing both visual
ing a new pavilion that houses President The Dandeana, Marina Del Rey. and aural intimacy for an unparalleled
Reagan’s retired Air Force One aircraft. musical experience.
Guests will tour both the Reagan Library A tour of the Japanese American
and Pavilion. and motorized yachts are moored. National Museum (JANM) is also plan-
Following their visit to the Reagan With great food and California wine, ned. The Japanese American National
Library, guests will travel the Pacific you will not want to miss this event. Museum (www.janm.org) is the only
Coast Highway for lunch at Duke’s For more information, please visit museum in the United States dedicated
Canoe Club. Located on the beach in www.FantaSeaYachts.com. to the experience of Americans of
Malibu, Duke’s is about as close as you On Wednesday, members and their Japanese ancestry. The museum, located
can get to the experience of having guests will visit cultural institutions in in historic and culturally rich Little
lunch and riding a surfboard, without downtown Los Angeles. The Museum Tokyo, occupies a beautifully restored
actually getting into the water! After of Contemporary Art (MOCA), will play former Buddhist temple with a stunning
lunch, guests will return to the hotel host to the final day of conference new pavilion building. Coincidentally,
about an hour ahead of IAMFA mem- activities. MOCA is home to one of it is adjacent to MOCA’s Geffen
bers. This is another opportunity for the country’s finest collections of post- Contemporary building. The Geffen
shopping and relaxing, before both 1940 American and European art. It also is an early renovation of an existing
members and guests depart for Marina features special traveling exhibitions warehouse space, also designed by
del Rey and our Tuesday evening featuring the art of our time. Our visit Frank Gehry, and was first occupied
Harbor Dinner Cruise. to MOCA will provide a direct link to during the construction of MOCA in
At 6:00 p.m., we will board the yacht the exciting world of contemporary art; the early 1990s.
Dandeana for a sunset dinner cruise, learn more at www.moca.org. Our group will return to the hotel
featuring a spectacular harbor tour of Members and guests will also have mid-afternoon on Wednesday, in time
the world’s largest, manmade marina, an opportunity to visit the Walt Disney to dress in cocktail attire for the closing
where more than 5,000 sailing vessels Concert Hall, designed by world- conference gala on Wednesday evening
continued on page 4
MARISSA ROTH
The Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, Simi Valley, California. MOCA Grand Avenue.
3

4. The 16th Annual IAMFA Conference — ¡
continued from page 3
IAMFA 2006 IN LOS ANGELES
at the Getty Center. Buses will leave the The Los Angeles Chapter welcomes you!
hotel promptly at 5:00 p.m. The Getty September 17–20, 2006
Center is home to the Getty Conserva-
tion Institute, the Getty Foundation, the INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MUSEUM FACILITY
ADMINISTRATORS
J. Paul Getty Museum, and the Getty
Research Institute. Ⅺ YES! Sign me up to attend the 2006 IAMFA Annual Conference in
We will enter the Getty’s Central Los Angeles, California, USA
Garden, proceeding to the Courtyard
for cocktails prior to dinner and the Name: ___________________________________________________________________________
closing event. The galleries in the West Title: ____________________________________________________________________________
Pavilion will remain open for viewing
prior to dinner in the Rotunda, giving Institution:_______________________________________________________________________
our group an opportunity to see master-
Address: _________________________________________________________________________
pieces such as Van Gogh’s Irises and
Monet’s Wheatstacks. The Getty Center City: _________________________________________ Postal/Zip Code: _________________
is situated on a 110-acre site in the foot-
hills of the Santa Monica Mountains in State/Province/County: ______________________ Country: _________________________
Los Angeles. The Getty Center itself Phone: ________________________________ Fax: ____________________________________
covers 24 acres of the 110-acre site; the
rest is landscaped or left in its natural E-mail: ________________________________ @ ______________________________________
state. An adjoining 600 acres preserves If your address/contact information has changed in the past year, please check box Ⅺ
the natural character of the area. On a
Special dietary, access, or other requirements: __________________________________
clear day, you can see the snow-capped
peaks at Big Bear Mountain, the Pacific __________________________________________________________________________________
Ocean and the entire Los Angeles Basin.
ALL FEES ARE PAYABLE IN U.S. DOLLARS
More information on the Getty Center
Please visit http://www.iamfa.org/ on the 2006 conference page to register
is available at www.getty.edu.
for the conference using a credit card.
We look forward to welcoming all
Ⅺ Member conference fee: $500 (after Aug 20, add $50)
IAMFA members in Los Angeles this fall
for the 16th Annual IAMFA Conference. Ⅺ Non-member conference fee: $600 (after Aug 20, add $50)
The conference planning committee is Ⅺ Sign me up as a new member: $150
eager to see everyone at the beach on Ⅺ Guest program fee: $300 (after Aug 20, add $50)
September 17! Ⅺ Guest under 12: $150
Ⅺ One-day attendance fee: $200 per day Ⅺ MON Ⅺ TUE Ⅺ WED
JOHN STEPHENS ©J. PAUL GETTY TRUST
You may also complete this form, and send a hard copy along with a check to:
International Association of Museum Facility Administrators (IAMFA)
P.O. Box 277
Groton, MA 01450 USA
SUGGESTED ACCOMMODATION
We have reserved a limited number of hotel rooms at The Fairmont Miramar Hotel for
the period of Saturday, September 16 through Wednesday, September 20. The conference
rate is $229 per night per room plus 14.05% tax, single or double occupancy, with an
additional charge of $25 each for a third or fourth adult per night, with a maximum
of four people per room. There is no extra charge for children up to, and including,
the age of 18 years who share a room with their parents. Early hotel registration is
strongly recommended during this busy season in Los Angeles. The block of rooms will
be held until August 1, 2006. To contact the Fairmont Miramar Hotel directly, please call
1-800-441-1414 or (310) 576-7777. Ask for Reservations and make sure to mention the
IAMFA conference to get the special rate. Reservations can also be made by Internet at
www.fairmont.com. Internet users must use the promotional code GRMUS1 to submit
requests. The hotel will extend the program rate (3) days prior and (3) after conference
dates, based on availability.
Aerial view of the Getty Center.
Please check the IAMFA website for updates at: www.iamfa.org
4

5. Message from the President
Guy Larocque,
President of IAMFA
Future IAMFA Conferences but note that a conference in their city
The 2006 Annual IAMFA Conference would also garner support from other IAMFA Board of Directors
local chapter members.
in Los Angeles is just a month away as
The advantage of naming the loca- President
I write this article. Somehow, it seems
tions for our upcoming conferences, Guy Larocque
that the Bilbao conference wasn’t that Canadian Museum of Civilization and
of course, is that it allows those local
long ago. It was such a memorable Canadian War Museum
chapter members plenty of time to start
experience, and such a great opportu- Gatineau, Canada
organizing their venues. There are cul-
nity for our members to network and guy.larocque@civilization.ca
tural institutions to target for hosting
share knowledge about our professional
the sessions, the session topics and V.P., Administration
field. But time has passed, and IAMFA
speakers to select, hotel rooms to book, Richard Kowalczyk
business has been moving along.
meals to plan, transportation to orga- Smithsonian Institution
During the last Board of Directors
nize, and of course the ever popular Washington, D.C., USA
conference call in mid-June, the ques-
guest program to put together. These kowalczykr@nasm.si.edu
tion of where to hold future IAMFA con- activities constitute the expenditure
ferences was discussed. This question side of the equation. Then there is V.P., Regional Affairs
had been raised and debated before at the question of revenues to pay for John de Lucy
past conferences, but a consensus was the conference. The number of partici- The British Library
always difficult to achieve. The Board pants is not always easy to forecast, London, U.K.
agreed that, in the interests of providing but past trends give an indication of
john.delucy@bl.uk
as much lead-time as possible to facili- what to expect. The most difficult task
tate the planning of future conferences, Treasurer
involves finding sponsors and getting
it was time to put the debate to rest Jim Moisson
their commitments for financial or in-
Harvard University Art Museums
and to decide on a list of host cities kind donations. Truly, the annual con- Cambridge, MA, USA
from 2007 until 2010. I am pleased ference organizers are the heroes of james_moisson@harvard.edu
to announce the locations for future our Association and they deserve our
IAMFA conferences as follows: recognition and support. Secretary and Papyrus Editor
2007 Ottawa, Canada I know that I am personally looking Daniel H. Davies
forward to getting started with the plan- Smithsonian Institution
2008 London, U.K. ning and organizing of the 2007 annual Washington, D.C., USA
conference in Ottawa. There are new ddavies@si.edu
2009 Washington, D.C.
museums to see, and old acquaintances
2010 Auckland, New Zealand to renew for our members, and hope- Chairman — Conference 2006
fully we will even have new members Joseph E. May
Coming up with this list was the easy J. Paul Getty Trust
attending from Montreal and Toronto.
Los Angeles, CA, USA
part. The cities mentioned above have Until then, I look forward to seeing you jmay@getty.edu
been discussed before, as have others all again in Los Angeles at the 2006
such as Chicago and New York, but IAMFA Conference this September.
IAMFA members from the above-noted For additional contact information,
please visit our website at
cities have not only expressed a serious Guy Larocque, P.Eng. www.iamfa.org
desire to host an IAMFA conference, President, IAMFA
5

6. Air Tightness Strategies—The British Library
Additional Storage Program Construction Project
by John de Lucy and Julian Taylor
As part of the construction project for the British Library’s team had made significant efforts to understand existing
additional storage facility, the Construction Project Team reduced-oxygen installations in Europe. The architect’s design
developed an air-tightness risk mitigation strategy. The team, in turn, based their air leakage requirements on spe-
decision to adopt a reduced-oxygen fire prevention model cifications from the leading European installer of reduced-
for the building required an unusually strict air-tightness oxygen systems. Site visits were made, and risk assessments
specification, in order to avoid high running costs for the carried out, in order to meet this tough specification.
reduced-oxygen plant. The biggest challenge was identified as onsite workman-
The Employer’s Requirements Document (ERD) issued ship. Assuming that the pre-contract design had enough
to prospective building contractors mandates an Air Leakage detail to enable the building contractor to build in air-
Index (ALI) value of 0.5 cubic meters per hour per square tightness, the quality of the day-to-day installation of the
meter of building. This value must also be maintained over PAROC wall panels and the standing seam roof were vital
the 70-year design life of the building, and has a lesser impact to achieving an ALI of 0.5. The single largest challenge to
on the internal environment target ranges for humidity and achieving this value is quality of workmanship.
temperature (key to meeting the fundamentals of British
Standard 5454:2000.)
Quantifying the Risk
Air tightness thus became a key deliverable relative to
sustainable design, and one of the Library’s key drivers as If air-leakage testing revealed that the ALI value for the build-
set out in the Project Brief. ing was 1.0 (twice as leaky as a value of 0.5), the Library
would face estimated additional energy costs of £10,000
(approx. $20,000) per annum for the life of the building.
Defining the Risk
It was recognized early in the design process that achieving
the required ALI value of 0.5 for the storage building was a
Risk Mitigation Strategy
significant—but not unique—challenge. Overall Approach
ALI values of 0.5 have been achieved in the U.K. before, If the building did not meet the 0.5 ALI value once construc-
although usually on cold-store buildings with fewer pene- tion was complete, there would be limited ways of improving
trations of the building envelope than the British Library’s the air-leakage rate. Although not impossible, it would
additional storage facility. The air-tightness consultant knew certainly be very difficult to access wall/roof junctions and
that 0.5 had been achieved in continental Europe on build- other potential leakage areas once the automation system
ings comparable to ours, and the Library’s construction project and racking was installed. The experience of a clothing
Roof and wall construction.
6

7. Infracor, Marl (2004) Klingel, Pforzheim (04/05)
1. Highbay warehouse 2. Annex building Highbay Warehouse
• Roof 5.000 m2 • Roof 3100 m2 • Roof 6.900 m2
• Facade 10.900 m2 • Facade 580 m2 • Facade 6.550 m2
• 115m x 43m x 32m • 85m x 70m x 13m • 93m x 73m x 28m
retailer in Germany (who had to retrospectively reseal a Risk Mitigation in the Pre-Contract Design and
large warehouse at great effort and expense) has helped Contract Documents
focus the Library’s strategy. Ensuring that the air-tightness target can be achieved is
The Library’s risk mitigation strategy is therefore focused integral to the pre-Contract Design, both in terms of design
almost wholly on design development, as well as the moni- detailing, and feasibility of the overall design package.
toring and testing of workmanship prior to the completion The building’s designers considered the air-tightness
of construction. In addition, the building contract is structured requirement in every aspect of the building and building
in such a way that failure becomes prohibitively expensive services design, once the Library had chosen the reduced-
for the building contractor. oxygen model for fire prevention. They went through a series
It is recognized that, over time, the air-tightness of the of design iterations, including a comprehensive assessment
PAROC panels will deteriorate. Following discussions with of building construction details by their appointed air-
our architects and PAROC, overcladding the building with tightness consultant.
new PAROC panels has been kept as an option for 25 years Each of the key performance specifications in the
into the life of the building. Employer’s Requirements Document (ERD) have been
Mitigating the risk of not achieving an ALI of 0.5 at build- shaped by the air-tightness requirement. It has had a bear-
ing handover has been embedded in all key construction ing on choice of materials and components for the walls
project processes and control documents, including: and roof; design drawings show a higher level of detail for
all floor/wall/roof junctions, and seams between wall panels
• a Develop and Construct procurement process;
and roof sections; Class D ducting has been specified, rather
• a building contractor personnel and subcontractor than the more conventional but potentially leakier Class C;
selection process; and, the steel structure of the building has been assessed
• a Procurement Evaluation methodology; to ensure that wind deflection of the main members does
• onsite management, monitoring, and reporting procedures; not cause the wall panels to gape, causing air leaks. These
are only a few examples of how the building’s design has
• the Building Contract Employer’s Requirements been defined by the requirement for air tightness.
(Performance Specifications); The contract model for construction is “Develop and
• contractually binding testing and handover/acceptance Construct”. It is usual practice under a Develop and Construct
specifications; contract that the building design is not fully detailed when
• pre-contract design drawings; it is passed to the building contractor, following awarding of
the contract. However, during the development of the pre-
• Conditions of Contract; and contract design, because of the serious impact of not achieving
• tender evaluation criteria. the air-tightness target, the architects developed areas of
continued on page 8
7

8. Air Tightness Strategies — continued from page 7
the design much farther than would normally be expected. • The building contractor must appoint its own air-
They further refined the design detailing in mid-2005, having tightness consultant (this has already happened during
brought air-tightness specialists onboard to help ensure that the procurement process).
the pre-contract design offered the best chance of success.
• The building contractor’s air-tightness consultant will
Current Air-Tightness Testing Plans and Acceptance carry out design reviews with the employer’s own air-
Criteria tightness consultant, the main building contractor, clad-
The entire design development and testing regime for the ding installers, mechanical and electrical equipment
building has been structured to provide the Library with a installers and steelwork fabricators.
tough and enforceable risk management capability with • The building contractor’s air-tightness consultant will
respect to air tightness. carry out a number of onsite audits to ensure the as-built
The Library has established an unusually rigorous testing details are as specified, and will produce reports with
regime, designed to capture potential workmanship issues photographs and drawings.
before formal testing commences. For example, it is outside
normal practice for cladding installers or air-tightness con- • The architect’s air-tightness consultant and selected
sultants to build a 16-square-metre (172-square-foot) test rig specialists (e.g., cladding manufacturer) will also carry
of wall panels for offsite testing. However, the Library’s team out onsite audits and assume supervisory roles during
has insisted upon this as a risk-mitigation measure, to help construction.
ensure that the workmanship on seam seals between panels • The building contractor’s air-tightness consultant is bound
is practiced and proven before onsite installation commences. to carry out a number of component tests to British
The Employer’s Requirements Document (ERD) issued to Standard, to assess the air leakage of various interfaces
bidders includes the Library’s contractually binding perfor- and joints between building components. It is expected
mance specifications. These include extensive references that the component test rig will measure approximately
to the desired Air Leakage Index value of 0.5. (All clauses 12 x 12 feet. Tests will be carried out on the sample panel,
relating to air leakage and testing have been reviewed and then a number of times onsite.
approved by the air-tightness consultant.)
• Two air-tightness tests will be carried out: one before
Performance Specifications Volume 1: Architectural installation of the racking system (following completion
NBS Specification of the building envelope and prior to handover to the
Section 40 (British Standard 5454: Project Specific Require- automation contractor), and one following final completion
ments) details onsite and offsite monitoring and testing of the envelope (after installation of racking). The architect’s
requirements that are contractually binding (an extract can air-tightness consultant will monitor these tests onsite.
be found at the end of this article). Key elements include: continued on page 10
Blower-Door-Test
8

9. Extract from Performance Specifications, Volume 1: Architectural NBS Specification
British Library PROJECT SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS—BS5454: The Contractor’s Air-Tightness consultant shall carry out a
Boston Spa—7-Aisle Scheme number of component tests to BS EN 12114:2000, to assess the
air leakage of various interfaces and joints between building
40. AIR TIGHTNESS
components. It is expected that the component test rig will
The contractor shall appoint an Air-Tightness Consultant who measure approximately 12 x 12 feet, and the samples shall be
is a member of the Air Tightness Test Measurement Association tested to a pressure differential of 600 pascals, with results
to carry out the works detailed below. The company shall hold extrapolated to 50 pascals. The tests shall be carried out on a
ISO 9001 and UKAS accreditations for similar works and hold sample panel, then a number of times onsite. The Employer’s
Professional Indemnity Insurance. Air-Tightness Consultant shall be present during the setting up
The Contractor’s Air-Tightness Consultant shall put forward a of the test equipment and during the test itself. The report of the
list of similar contracts worked on with air-leakage requirements findings shall be submitted to the Employer and the retained
less than 1.0 m3 per hour per m2 at 50 pascals, in terms of design team. Prior to the air-tightness test, the specialist company
carrying out the following: shall work out the envelope area as set out in CIBSE TM23.
• developing air sealing specifications in terms of materials Two Air-Tightness Tests shall be carried out in line with
to use; CIBSE TM23: one before the installation of the racking system
• air tightness design reviews and developing robust details; (following completion of the envelope to the agreed stage)
and one following the final completion of the envelope (after
• site audits;
the racking installation). The air-tightness tests shall be carried
• component tests to measure the air permeability of out in line with CIBSE TM23. The Employer’s Air-Tightness
sections of joint, louvres, etc.; Consultant shall be present during the tests.
• final air tests and their involvement with both specifying
and carrying out air-sealing works to be carried out; The air-tightness test result shall be expressed in terms of an
air-leakage index in m3/h/m2, and shall not exceed 0.5 m3/h/m2
• final air leakage tests; and,
at a reference pressure differential of 50 pascals. The results of
• identification of carrying out remedial works. the air-tightness testing (and any subsequent testing) shall be
The Contractor’s Air-Tightness Consultant shall carry out design presented in a comprehensive report and submitted to the
reviews with the Employer’s Retained Air-Tightness Consultant, Employer and the Employer’s retained consultants.
the Main Building Contractor, Cladding Installers, Mechanical
The following conditions shall be met whilst carrying out
and Electrical Equipment Installers and Steelwork Fabricators
the tests:
to resolve the following issues:
• The external envelope shall be complete when the final
• developing air-sealing specifications in terms of materials
test is carried out.
to use, compatibility, adhesion, movement, fire rating,
longevity, maintenance etc.; • Raised floors and suspended ceilings shall have sufficient
• developing robust details; panels removed by the contractor to allow the free flow of
air through them.
• assessing operational issues with automatic doors, etc.;
• resolving air tightness issues with structural requirements • Internal doors shall be wedged open.
—thermal movement, wind loading, thermal component • All doors, windows and fixed vents shall be closed
tests to measure the air permeability of sections of joint, throughout the tests.
louvres, etc.; • Mechanical ventilation systems shall be temporarily sealed.
• final air tests and their involvement with both specifying
• Smoke extracts and lift shaft vents shall not be sealed.
and carrying out air-sealing works to be carried out;
• Drains and water traps shall be filled with water.
• final air leakage testing requirements;
• future repair and maintenance issues; If the building’s air-leakage rate is greater than 0.5 m3/h/m2,
• overcladding, crash damage, reduction in air tightness; the contractor shall arrange for appropriate remedial action
to be taken which could include:
• design life, lifecycle issues; and,
• risk issues. • A full site audit of the airtight envelope, whilst the
building is being de-pressurized.
The Contractor’s Air-Tightness Consultant shall carry out a
number of site audits to ensure the as-built details are as • A localized smoke leakage test.
specified, and shall produce reports with photographs and • A full-scale smoke leakage test.
drawings, identifying the size, scale and position of defects. In • A thermographic survey.
addition to this, the Employer’s Air-Tightness Consultant and
selected specialists (e.g., Cladding Manufacturer) will also carry Further air-leakage tests shall be carried out until the air leakage
out site audits and assume supervisory roles during construction. rate is less than 0.5 m3/h/m2 at 50 pascals. The Employer’s Air-
If deemed appropriate, the Employer’s representatives may have Tightness Consultant shall be present during all further air-
a full-time onsite presence during some periods of construction. leakage tests, and the resultant data provided to the Employer.
9

10. Air Tightness Strategies — continued from page 8
• The contract and specifications state that the air-tightness The procurement evaluation team pressed building
test result must be expressed in terms of an air leakage contractors on their choice of roofing and wall cladding
index in m3/h/m2 and must not exceed 0.5 m3/h/m2 at a sub-contractors, designers, and project managers, to help
reference pressure differential of 50 pascals. The results determine the seriousness with which bidders understood
of air-tightness testing (and any subsequent testing) will the need for best-practices workmanship on design details
be presented in a comprehensive report and submitted relating directly to air-tightness. The architect’s air-tightness
to the Library. consultant was involved in interviewing the contractors
• If the building air-leakage rate is greater than 0.5 m3/h/m2, and their air-tightness consultants, and was also part of the
the building contractor is contractually obliged to arrange scoring team.
for appropriate remedial action. Further air-leakage tests Under a Develop and Construct contract, the successful
will then be carried out until the air-leakage rate is less bidder takes on all contractual responsibility for the building
than 0.5 m3/h/m2. design and its successful construction. All written and verbal
communication with the bidders has emphasized this con-
Performance Specifications Volume 3b: Structural tractual liability, and procurement meetings were used to
Steelwork reinforce the message that contractors had to be certain
Permissible Deflections and Movement — All requirements that they could manage the air-tightness risk during design
in this section are aimed at minimizing the chance of wind development and construction.
deflection, which may cause wall panels to gape, thus Early in the procurement process, a meeting focusing
leaking air. specifically on air tightness was held with the bidding con-
tractors. This was used to draw the bidders’ attention to
Performance Specifications Volume 4: Mechanical
those clauses in the draft contract (and design specification
Building Services
and drawings) relating to air tightness. Their attention was
This includes extensive clauses related to testing and oper-
also drawn to the testing and handover requirements laid
ational handover. Cross-referenced to Vol.1 (Architecture).
out in the contract.
Some of the most pertinent clauses include:
There were continuous and thorough discussions with all
• “As mechanical services form part of the repository and bidders about how they would approach design, installation,
penetrate the external walls, mechanical services shall and testing. Bidders were asked to explain how they planned
act together with the building fabric to ensure that the to ensure that any potential issues with workmanship were
maximum specified air leakage is not exceeded.” identified at the earliest possible opportunity and rectified.
• The Ductwork Material section requires that, “The air The Invitation to Tender for the building contract is explicit
tightness of the manufactured seam shall comply with in asking the building contractor to make proposals which
the specified air leakage tests.” will further mitigate the risk of poor-quality workmanship.
• The testing specification details for the Air Handling Both shortlisted bidders have made proposals to further
Units relates this requirement to broader air-leakage extend the Library’s monitoring and testing proposals, as
testing required by the ERD. defined in the ERD.
Both shortlisted contractors have shown a sound appre-
Finally, air tightness must be proven during the two- ciation of all the challenges posed by the air-tightness regime,
week fault-free period. and have subsequently responded with their own design
Throughout the testing process, the Library will benefit suggestions as enhanced risk mitigations. One has pro-
from expert monitoring by the architect’s air-tightness con- posed a revised roof design which they feel is more likely
sultant, the building contractor’s air-tightness consultant, and to be installed carefully enough to meet the air-tightness
the project management team. All will share their progress targets. The other has chosen a German cladding and roof
with the Library through a formalized reporting process. subcontractor which has built and tested buildings (some
larger than ours) with an Air Leakage Index value better
Risk Mitigation in the Building Contractor Procurement than the 0.5 value required by our design.
Process
All members of the Library’s tender evaluation teams have
clearly expressed the challenges faced by potential building John DeLucy is the Head of Estates and Facilities at the
contractors with respect to air tightness. British Library in London, England.
Potential bidders’ understanding of these design challenges
(as demonstrated in their formal tender submissions and Julian Taylor is the Project Sponsor for this project, and
at formal interviews) was a key element in the Library’s was responsible for coordinating the British Library user
tender evaluation process. requirements and contractor input.
10

11. Apprenticing in Facilities Management
by Kate Hickman
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
As a child, I dreamed about Management program green
exploring the rainforest in search with envy!
of the next cure for cancer. In In April, I finished my junior
my early teens, my dream became year in the Facilities Management
running the 400-meter dash in Program at Brigham Young
the Olympics. As I transitioned University. This program in-
from high school to college, work- cludes courses on project man-
ing at the Smithsonian Institution agement, asset management,
became my dream. technology, scheduling, and
I have always loved museums, other facility-related courses.
art, history, and architecture. I In addition to facilities courses,
started drawing floor plans when each student is required to take
I was nine years old. When I nearly 30 hours of construction
visited Washington, D.C. at the management courses and com-
age of eleven, I was awed by plete a business minor. These
the number and stature of the courses have prepared me well
museums. I stood for what for my summer internship with
seemed to be hours in front the Smithsonian Institution. One
of works by Claude Monet, course teaches various methods
staring closely at the blobs of in construction estimates, using
color before slowly stepping Microsoft’s Excel program. This
back to see the colors blend. course is a great benefit to me
This experience in Washington, as I continue to use my skills to
D.C. left me with a special create spreadsheets for the engi-
interest in museums that neers and office staff. Brigham
continues to inspire me today. Young University is one of the
The chance to set up an top schools in Facilities Man-
internship with Dan Davies agement in North America. In
of the Smithsonian Institution October 2005, we were rewarded
came in October 2005. I had an Smithsonian intern Kate Hickman in front of the newly the IFMA Student Chapter of the
opened Donald W. Reynolds Center for American Art
opportunity to meet Mr. Davies Year Award. We have student
and Portraiture.
in Philadelphia at an Inter- chapters for IFMA, the Asso-
national Facility Management ciation of Higher Education
Association (IFMA) convention. I was eager for the oppor- Facilities Officers (APPA), the International Association of
tunity. I love my internship. It is a very unique time for the Assembly Managers (IAAM), and the American Society of
Gallery Place Zone of the Office of Facilities Management Healthcare Engineering (ASHE).
and Reliability. The Patent Office Building reopened on As I travel to and from the Smithsonian Institution each
July 1, 2006, after nearly six years of renovation, with a day, I sometimes have to pinch myself as I still cannot
new name: The Donald W. Reynolds Center for American believe that I am here. Every time I walk past the Donald
Art and Portraiture. As an intern, I have a great opportunity W. Reynolds Center for American Art and Portraiture, I
to watch the transition from construction management to catch myself beaming from ear to ear. For now, the feeling
facilities management. can be compared to being a kid in a candy store: I am an
From being on nearly twenty feet of scaffolding, cleaning intern at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.
bas-relief, to organizing a move, to playing a role in a bench-
marking study, I have learned a great deal. I have also had Kate Hickman is a facilities management intern at
an opportunity to shadow Mr. Davies as he attends to his the Donald W. Reynolds Center for American Art and
daily tasks, attends various meetings, and puts out the Portraiture, part of the Smithsonian Institution. This fall,
inevitable facilities-management fires. These experiences, she begins her senior year of studies at Brigham Young
along with many others, make others from my Facilities University in Salt Lake City, Utah.
11

12. IAMFA Benchmarking Exercise 2006
by Kate Hickman
Nearly 40 institutions from around the Exploratorium — San Francisco, CA,
world took part in this year’s IAMFA U.S.A. — Jennifer Frago, Andy Hirshfield
benchmarking exercise. This annual — Offers many interactive sites online,
including the exploration of the science
study is an excellent way for our mem-
in different sports.
bers to share best practices and assess
institutional performance, and has Freer Gallery of Art — Washington, DC,
become a popular IAMFA initiative. The U.S.A. — Robert Evans — Through
following institutions and individuals September 4, 2006 the Gallery will
took part in this year’s exercise, and feature the exhibition, Facing East:
British Museum
will be meeting the day before our Portraits from Asia.
Annual Conference in Los Angeles of over eight million postage and Getty Center — Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A.
to discuss the results. review stamps, but 47 million patent — James Bullock, John Donohoe, Oren
specifications. Gray, Joseph May, Gary McKean, Michael
Art Institute of Chicago — Chicago, IL, Rogers, Will Spencer — The Getty Center
U.S.A. — Thomas Barnes, William Caddick British Museum — London, England — website offers Getty Bookmarks. These
— The Art Institute of Chicago is anx- Stephen Gill — The Museum exists to bookmarks allow visitors to collect
iously awaiting the completion of their illuminate the histories of cultures, information on their favorite works
new building named the Modern Wing. for the benefit of present and future of art at the Getty Center.
generations.
Anacostia Museum and Center for Hirshhorn Museum & Sculpture Garden
African American History and Culture — Washington, DC, U.S.A. — Fletcher
—Washington, D.C., U.S.A. — Maurice Brooklyn Museum of Arts and Sciences
— New York City, NY, U.S.A. — Frantz Johnston — One of the current exhibits,
Evans — Their current exhibition, Zobop by Jim Lambie, is an artwork
Reclaiming Midwives, is on display Vincent — On display in their visible
storage is the Spacelander Bicycle comprised of striped taped floor pieces.
through August 6, 2006.
(Benjamin J. Bowden), designed in
1946 and manufactured circa 1960. Library of Congress (3 sites) —
Asian Art Museum — San Francisco, CA, Washington, DC, U.S.A. — Joseph
U.S.A. — Gordon Bailey, Brenda Cobb- Neal Graham.
Williams — The Asian Art Museum
turned 40 this year. Congratulations! Metropolitan Museum of Art —
New York, NY, U.S.A. — Thomas Scally
Auckland Art Gallery — Auckland, — Part of the website features an
New Zealand — Patricia Morgan — Log interactive timeline of art history,
on to this interactive site to put together including highlights and special topics.
jigsaw puzzles of major pieces of art:
http://www.aucklandartgallery.govt.nz/ Museum of Contemporary Art —
activities/puzzle/default.asp Los Angeles, CA, U.S.A. — Randal Murphy
Canadian Museum of Civilization — Since 1979, the Museum has been
British Library — London, England — committed to the collection, presen-
John de Lucy, Harry Wanless — The tation, and interpretation of work
Canadian Museum of Civilization
British Library boasts of its collection produced since 1940 in all media, and
Corporation — Ottawa-Gatineau,
which not only includes a collection to preserving that work for future
Canada — Chan Hung Do, Guy Larocque,
Christian Pagé — The Canadian Museum generations.
of Civilization is celebrating its 150th
anniversary this year; the Canadian War
Museum opened its new site in May
2005, celebrating its 125th anniversary
and the 60th anniversary of the end of
the Second World War.
Canadian Museum of Nature — Ottawa,
Canada — Lucie Lanctot — Currently
featuring an exhibition on the courtship
rituals of animals of various sizes and
Auckland Art Gallery shapes. Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden1
12

13. Love and War 1935–1945 is on display
until October 8, 2006.
National Library of Scotland —
Edinburgh, Scotland — Jack Plumb —
Has material in over 490 languages
in 13 million printed items; 100,000
manuscripts.
National Museum of American History,
Behring Center — Washington, DC,
U.S.A. — Kelvin Lawson — Closing its Smithsonian Institution Building,
Museum of Contemporary Art doors in September 2006 for two years "The Castle"1
of renovation.
Museum Support Centre (Smithsonian
Institution) — Washington, DC, U.S.A. National Museum of Australia — Smithsonian Institution Building —
— Wayne Field. Canberra, Australia. Washington, DC, U.S.A. — Richard Day
— This is the Smithsonian Institution’s
Museum Victoria — Melbourne, Australia first building, popularly known as
National Museum of Natural History —
— Kim Reason — Currently featuring the “The Castle”.
Washington, DC, U.S.A. — Andy Dietz
exhibition, Commonwealth Photographic — Their current exhibition, Wondrous
Awards: an exhibit of photographs high- Smithsonian Quadrangle — Washington,
Cold: An Antarctic Journey, offers a
lighting the best of the Commonwealth DC, U.S.A. — Richard Day — Includes
glimpse of the majestic continent of
Photographic Awards since 2000. the Smithsonian Institution’s Freer
Antarctica of scientists and explorers.
Gallery of Art, the Sackler, and the
National Air and Space Museum — Ripley Center.
Washington, DC, U.S.A. — Dave Samec
— Features historic artifacts on display, Stephen F. Udvar-Hazy Center —
including the Wright Brothers’ Wright Washington, DC, U.S.A. — Dave Samec
1903 Flyer and the Spirit of St. Louis. — The newly restored space shuttle
Enterprise is the centerpiece of the
National Gallery — London, England — James S. McDonnell Space Hangar.
Frank Brown, Peter Fotheringham —
New addition to the “Rebels and Textile Museum — Washington, DC,
Martyrs” series is Gustave Courbet’s U.S.A.
self portrait The Desperate Man.
Winterthur Museum — Winterthur, DE,
National Museum of Natural History1
National Gallery of Australia — U.S.A.— John Castle — Beautiful
Canberra, Australia. American country estate in Delaware
National Museum of the American with many wonderful features,
National Gallery of Canada — Ottawa, Indian — Washington, DC, U.S.A. — including a 60-acre garden and
Canada — Ed Richard — Current fea- Dave Samec. surrounding landscape.
ture exhibition is Emily Carr: New
Perspectives. National Museum of the American
Indian, Cultural Resources Center —
National Gallery of Victoria — Washington, DC, U.S.A. — Maurice Evans.
Melbourne, Australia — Tony van
Noordenburg — The exhibition Picasso: National Zoological Park — Washington,
DC, U.S.A. — Stephen Hodsdon — This
zoo features giant pandas including a
cub, Tai Shan whose first birthday was
July 9, 2006.
Renwick Gallery — Washington, D.C.,
U.S.A. — Daniel Davies, Andy Smith — Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center of the National
Air and Space Museum1
The permanent collection includes Larry
Fuente’s Game Fish which is comprised
of game pieces and small toys.
PHOTO CREDITS:
1COURTESY OF THE SMITHSONIAN
Royal British Columbia Museum — 2MARISSA ROTH
National Gallery3 Vancouver, Canada. 3WWW.GEOCITIES.COM/ASIAGLOBE/GALLERY
13

14. The Donald W. Reynolds Center for American
Art and Portraiture Opens in Washington, D.C.
by Daniel Davies and the Reynolds Center Public Affairs Staff
KEN RAHAIM, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
Following a six-and-a-half-year, $283-
million renovation, the Smithsonian
American Art Museum and National
Portrait Gallery are once again wel-
coming visitors to a historic landmark
building in the heart of the vibrant Penn
Quarter neighborhood. Collectively, the
museums celebrate the vision and cre-
ativity of all Americans. Our collections
tell America’s stories through art, history,
and biography. Here, you will find
nineteenth-century grandeur enhanced
by twenty-first-century additions.
Glorious Building—
A Temple of Invention
The National Historic Landmark building
that houses the Smithsonian American
Art Museum and the National Portrait Entrance to The Donald W. Reynolds Center for American Art and Portraiture home to the
Gallery is one of the oldest public build- National Portrait Gallery and the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
ings constructed in early Washington,
D.C., and is considered one of the In 1953, the building was slated for 588 windows were crafted from hand-
finest examples of Greek Revival archi- demolition, to make way for a parking blown glass in Poland to simulate the
tecture in the United States. In 1836, garage. The nascent historic preserva- slight irregularities of old panes, and
architect Robert Mills designed the tion movement successfully campaigned more than 12,000 square feet of original
original U.S. Patent Office Building to save it, and in 1955 President Dwight marble floor pavers were restored in the
with three storeys of spacious interiors D. Eisenhower ordered that it be pre- museums’ hallways. Recently uncovered
for the display of more than 200,000 served. In 1958, Congress transferred the skylights span more than two city
models of patented inventions, from the building to the Smithsonian to house blocks, and flood the third floor
cotton gin to the first telephone. The art collections, and the National Portrait galleries with dramatic natural light.
building was a hub of activity during Gallery and Smithsonian American Art
the Civil War period, serving as a mili- Museum opened to the public in 1968.
tary hospital from September 1861 to
Lunder Conservation
In January 2000, the museums closed Center—Preserving Our
April 1863, with Walt Whitman and the building for extensive renovations.
Clara Barton tending to wounded On Oct. 12, 2005, the Smithsonian
Treasures
soldiers. Abraham Lincoln held his announced that the two museums and The Lunder Conservation Center, shared
inaugural ball at the Patent Office their activities would now be known by the Smithsonian American Art
Building on March 6, 1865. The upper collectively as the Donald W. Reynolds Museum and the National Portrait
floors of the west and north wings Center for American Art and Portraiture. Gallery, is the first facility that perma-
were ravaged by fire in 1877. Nearly nently reveals to the public the preser-
87,000 patent models were destroyed. vation and daily conservation work
Adolf Cluss was appointed architect Artisan Craftsmanship— that is normally conducted behind the
to reconstruct the damaged wings Dramatic Enhancements scenes. Featuring floor-to-ceiling glass
in the popular Victorian “modern The meticulous restoration required a walls, the Center allows visitors to see
Renaissance” style. worldwide search for skilled artisans to the modern techniques that conser-
The Patent Office moved out of the produce historically-accurate details. vators uses to examine and treat the
building in 1932, and the Civil Service Thousands of encaustic and geometric national treasures entrusted to both
Commission moved into the building. tiles were specially made in England, museums. The Center’s five state-of-
14

15. the-art laboratories and studios are of each artwork, artist biographies, audio of basketball star Shaquille O’Neal, a
equipped to treat paintings, prints, interviews, still images, and nearly 70 32-foot-wide glowing map of the United
drawings, photographs, sculptures, videos created especially for the Center. States with more than 300 televisions by
folk art objects, decorative arts, and Check out the Luce Foundation Center Nam June Paik, and a visionary sculp-
frames. Visit the Lunder Conservation online at LuceFoundationCenter.si.edu. ture by folk artist James Hampton made
Center online at LunderCenter.si.edu. from miles of gold and silver foil are
Nan Tucker McEvoy just a few of the thousands of artworks
Luce Foundation Center Auditorium—State of the now on view.
The Smithsonian American Art
for American Art— Art Performance Space
Museum is home to the largest collec-
Explore our Collection The Nan Tucker McEvoy Auditorium is
tion of American art in the world. Its
The Luce Foundation Center for host to artists, lecturers, dancers, cura-
holdings—more than 41,000 artworks
American Art is the first visible art tors, musicians and many more per-
in all media spanning more than three
storage and study center in Washington, formers. The Smithsonian American
centuries—tell the story of America
D.C. This innovative public space pro- Art Museum has partnerships with the
through the visual arts, and represent the
vides new ways to experience American Washington National Opera, Blues
most inclusive collection of American
art, and displays nearly quadruple the Alley, and the Shakespeare Theatre
art of any museum today. It is the
number of artworks on view in the Company, among other collaborations.
nation’s first federal art collection,
galleries. Although the Luce Foundation The National Portrait Gallery has devel-
predating the 1846 founding of the
Center contains more than 3,300 art- oped an intriguing series of archival,
Smithsonian Institution. The Smithsonian
works, its imaginative design and documentary and feature films sure to
American Art Museum’s Renwick Gallery,
thoughtful organization allow visitors please any film buff. Don’t miss an
located on Pennsylvania Avenue at
to focus quickly on areas of interest; opportunity to explore all the museums
17th Street, N.W., is dedicated to exhi-
from there, they are free to browse have to offer!
biting American crafts and decorative
or explore in more depth. arts from the 19th to 21st century.
The Center features paintings densely Galleries—Find Yourself The National Portrait Gallery is a
hung on screens; sculptures, craft, and on Our Walls landmark destination for people inter-
folk art arranged on shelves; and por- Collectively, the National Portrait Gallery ested in learning the fascinating stories
trait miniatures, bronze medals, and and the Smithsonian American Art of great Americans who have shaped
jewelry in drawers that slide open at the Museum celebrate the vision and cre- our country. It is the only museum of
touch of a button. More than 60 large ativity of all Americans. The collections its kind in the United States to combine
sculptures are installed on the main tell America’s stories through art, history, aspects of American history, biography
floor. Interactive computer kiosks pro- and biography. The iconic “Lansdowne” and art. The National Portrait Gallery
vide insightful information about every portrait of George Washington by was established by an Act of Congress
object on display, including a discussion Gilbert Stuart, a riveting photograph in 1962 as a “free public museum . . .
depicting men and women who have
made significant contributions to the
HUGH TALMAN, SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION
history, development and culture of
the people of the United States.” The
museum’s collection includes 19,400
works, ranging from paintings and
sculpture to photographs and drawings.
Check out ReynoldsCenter.org for
up-to-date information, and be sure
to visit the museums in person! We’re
open from 11:30 a.m. to 7:00 p.m.
every day—stop by for lunch in our
Upper West Side Café or an after-work
cocktail in our outdoor Portico Café.
Daniel Davies is the Zone Facilities
Manager for the Gallery Place Zone
The Luce Foundation Center for American Art offers three floors of open storage displaying
3,500 paintings, sculptures, miniatures, craft objects and folk art pieces from the of the Smithsonian Institution in
Smithsonian American Art collection. Washington, D.C.
15

16. Getty Center Becomes First Facility in the
U.S. to be Rated “Green” through
LEED-EB Certification
by Joseph E. May, PE
The following article was published in the spring 2005 practices are projected to save more than $2 billion annually.
edition of Papyrus. The first part of this article is adapted The Executive Order, signed by the governor in December
from a Getty Center press release on the LEED-EB award. 2004, aims to reduce energy consumption for state-owned
buildings by 20% by 2015.
On February 14, 2005, the Getty Center became the first “As a LEED-EB certified facility, the Getty Center is pro-
facility in the United States to be awarded LEED-EB viding a healthy and conducive climate for employees and
(Leadership in Energy & Environment Design—Existing visitors, resulting in a more productive workforce and a
Buildings) certification in the post-pilot phase of the program. better-served consumer base. We are proud of the dedication
Administered by the U.S. Green Building Council, LEED is and commitment of our Facilities staff in achieving this cer-
the nation’s most widely recognized and accepted green tification: the result of more than 3,000 man-hours performed
building rating system. with a focused and cohesive effort across our site,” said
The accreditation was presented at IFMA’s (International Bradley Wells, Vice-President of Finance and Administration
Facility Managers Association) Best Practices Forum, a two-day for The J. Paul Getty Trust. “In addition, while reducing
event held at the Getty Center on February 14 and 15, 2005. emissions and waste, the Getty Center’s improved energy
Best Practices Forum participants came to share new practical and water efficiency has also cut operating costs, making
ideas that they have adapted to their individual organizations. this green model economically appealing to other facilities.”
The Getty’s efforts in creating a work environment that The lasting impact of the Getty Center’s consciously
is not only good for workers, but also for the community and green decisions will be noticeable for years to come, espe-
the environment, supports Governor Schwarzenegger’s newly cially within the immediate community and in the city of
signed Executive Order promoting the Green Building Action Los Angeles, with its effects felt well beyond the region.
Plan for California. At present, commercial buildings in The U.S. Green Building Council is the nation’s foremost
California use 36% of the state’s electricity, and account for coalition of leaders from across the building industry, and
a large portion of greenhouse gas emissions, as well as use works to promote buildings that are environmentally respon-
of raw materials and waste management. While the estimated sible, profitable, and healthy places to live and work. The
electricity costs for California’s commercial and institutional Council created the LEED certification to provide a standard
buildings exceed $12 billion a year, cost-effective efficiency measurement with which to define “green”, helping to pre-
vent false or exaggerated claims known as “green-washing”,
and to encourage whole-building, integrated design pro-
©J. PAUL GETTY TRUST
cesses that facilitate positive results for the environment
and occupant health.
LEED-EB-certified buildings such as the Getty Center help
to promote efforts to optimize energy and water efficiency,
as well as recycling programs; to establish environmentally
responsible processes, in order to minimize the impact of
buildings on the environment; to reduce building-operation
costs; to improve indoor environment quality; to provide
a framework for sustainability as part of the organization’s
culture; report environment stewardship efforts to cus-
tomers and communities; and, to communicate the need
for best practices.
From left to right, from the J. Paul Getty Trust: Will Spencer, In October 2004, the U.S. Green Building Council issued
Facilities Services Manager; Lynne Tjomsland, Grounds Manager; Version 2 of the LEED-EB specification. Version 2 incorpo-
Joe May, Maintenance Planning and Support Manager; Jim Bullock,
Director of Facilities; John Donohoe, Head of Engineering and
rated the findings from the pilot program, and became the
Maintenance; Michael Orth, Custodial and Contracts Manager, specification for the post-pilot period for LEED-EB certifica-
and Mike Rogers, Capital Projects Support Manager. tion. At nearly the same time, interest in LEED-EB certification
16

17. at the Getty Center peaked, and the Getty became registered ensure thermal comfort and system controllability, and
as a LEED-EB project. provide for occupant connection to the outdoor environment.
LEED stands for “Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design”. The USGBC certification program Innovation in Operation and Upgrades—Recognition of
consists of a family of building rating systems including: exemplary performance above standards for existing
credits and prerequisites.
• LEED for New Construction
• LEED for Existing Buildings Each of these categories has prerequisites which must
• LEED for Commercial Interiors be met in order to achieve certification, and 85 total
available credits can be earned, based on building design
• LEED for Core and Shell and operating processes. A facility’s total points indicate
• LEED for Homes the level of certification achieved. The certification levels
• LEED for Neighborhood Developments for LEED-EB are:
• LEED-EB Certified 32–39 points
The LEED for Existing Building Rating System has numerous • Silver Level 40–47 points
goals:
• Gold Level 48–63 points
Sustainable Sites—Continue to use existing buildings and • Platinum Level 64–85 points
sites, protect natural and agricultural areas, reduce the
need for automobile use, protect and/or restore sites. The Getty Center began by retaining a LEED-EB consultant
Water Efficiency—Reduce the quantity of water needed for to assess the Center’s ability to achieve LEED-EB certification,
the building; reduce the burden on potable water supply based on existing systems and procedures. The selected firm,
and treatment facilities. Sebesta Blomberg, conducted an initial two-hour meeting
with Getty facilities managers to estimate how many points
Energy and Atmosphere—Maintain high levels of energy could be achieved without significant capital expenditure
efficiency and system performance, encourage renewable under the LEED-EB rating system. The original estimate
and alternative energy sources, support ozone protection was that 43 points could be achieved.
protocols. Many of these points resulted from characteristics in the
design of the Getty Center. Examples of these were:
Materials and Resources—Reduce the amount of materials
used, use materials with less environmental impact, and • the Building Management System;
reduce and manage waste. • natural lighting and window tinting;
Indoor Environmental Quality—Maintain good indoor air • underground parking to reduce heat islands;
quality, eliminate or reduce sources of indoor pollutants, • much of surrounding grounds left natural;
continued on page 18
©J. PAUL GETTY TRUST
The Getty Center was designed by Richard Meier & Partners Architects. Hathaway Dinwiddie Construction Company was the general
contractor for the Getty Center project, which was completed in 1997.
17