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Datos de hambre
Food as a Commodity, Human
Right or Common Good?
Implications for Hunger Eradication
JOSE LUIS VIVERO POL
PhD Candidate in Food Governance
Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
FOOD
SOVEREIGNTY
SOCIAL
MOVEMENTS
JOSE LUIS VIVERO POL
PhD Research Fellow
in Food Governance
Module “Social Food Movements”
Master Food, Law & Finance
March 2017 – Turin
2
What is FOOD SOVEREIGNTY?
#2. WORK IN PROGRESS,
weak academic/UN support
#4. Alternative to the
industrial oil-dependant food
system
#1. RECENT
CONCEPT
(1996) quickly
evolving,
formulated by
Vía Campesina
#3.
Common
paradigm of
CIVIL SOCIETY
CIVIL & some
STATES
Bolivia, Venezuela,
Ecuador, Nicaragua,
Honduras, Costa
Rica, El Salvador,
Rep Dom
Foto: Alessandra Ferrandes
3
EVOLUTION
From an anti-
establishment and
combative position to
a viable alternative to
tackle current flaws
of the post-industrial
food system, plus
hunger, climate
change and energy
IDEOLOGICAL & propositive: the ONLY option B
Foto:IanMackenzie
Foto:F
Producers and
Consumers
shall regain control of
the national food
systems.
Producing and
comsuming food is a
cultural issue
No to TNC control
over our food
(Henry Kissinger)
Foto: Jose Luis Vivero
5
“FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY exists when…”
Technocrats, technicians, official statements, consensus
Twin track approach (production & acces to food)
No questioning “food is a commodity” or “Balance of Power”:
ACCESS IS THE MAIN ISSUE - NO GUILTIES
THE MARKET IS BEST ALLOCATION MECHANISM
OFICIAL
DEFINITION
World Food Summits
1996 & 2002
Foto: FAO
ACCESS IS MAIN ISSUE
NONE IS GUILTY
THE MARKET IS BEST
ALLOCATION MECHANISM
6
Food
Sovereignty
#8 positive
breakthroughs
…EVIDENCE-BASED…
#1. FOOD is CULTURE
When produce & eat them
8
Food is not a COMMODITY such
as screws (ergo OUT of WTO)
But NOT a COMMONS either?
Water yes, seeds & land disputed
The Economic Understanding of commons:
Still prevailing in this movement
9
10
#3. Family Farmers & Eaters
KEY ACTORS in food systems
(not retailers, middle-men & corporations)
Foto:LianneMilton
Foto:MarianoBonora
11
#4. To revalue «RURALITY»
& FAMILY FARMING as modern and
not just URBAN & INDUSTRIAL
Foto: Brazmidia
Foto:Luca5
12
#5. The NATIONAL MARKET is more
important than EXPORTI MARKET (cash crops)
(WDR 2008, BM) – Cultivating 4 Eating
Foto: Megan Morgavan
13
#6. HUNGER & RIGHT TO
FOOD & PEASANTS´ RIGHTS
recurrent in the political agenda
Foto: UNICEF
14
#7. NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY
re-affirmed vs deregularised markets
& non-accountable transnationals
Foto:JoseLuisVivero
15
#8. RENDER VISIBLE local CULTURES, indígenous
groups, rural women & agro-biodiversity
Fotos:JoseLuisVivero
16
#8 Elements that require further analysis & nuances
Nuanced
key claims
…that may be difficult
to pose within the food
sovereignty movement
Foto: Yuri Lima
17
#1. Against
Cash crops, exports &
neoliberal markets
Market, yes but…
Priority to national
market
To cultivate for human
consumption
Strong Regulatory
State that gives
primacy to people´s
rights over profit
Binding Food
Treaty
Foto:dflorian1980
18
#2. Against
dumping
Same rules to
all, not
hypocrisie
Dumping is part
of state
sovereignty
(supporting
farmers)
Countries that
can/are willing to
support their
food producers
(Brazil, China,
India)
19
#3. Against
GMOs & Transgenics
Biotecnology is a tool
for modernization…
a. Patents/IP rights
In few corporative
hands
b. Public research
didn´t do its job
MORE A POLITICAL
ISSUE OF CONTROL
THAN A MORAL OR
ENVIRONMENTAL
Foto:Edd.ie
20
#4. Against
biofuels
Generalizations R
good for
communication
but bad for
analysis
Differentiated
Impacts
FOURFOLD
CRISIS at same
time:
Food, Energy,
Environment,
Democracy
Foto: Argonne National Laboratory
21
#5. Against
Transnational Food
Corporations
Foto:MattGiesbrech
They occupy
niches left by
Governments
They invest big
money in
innovative
technologies,
lobby &
commercials
Big Corporations
just seek profit
maximization &
not society well-
being
22
#6. Against
Industrial agriculture
This type (modified
perhaps) will remain
with us many years
It helps producing
affordable food to all
(but subsidised, not
nutritious, not local,
not sustainable)
Transition to better
models is
COMPULSORY
(less polluting,
resource-demanding,
oil-dependent)
23
#7. Against
State sovereignty &
in favour of people´s
rights
Democracies do
not represent us
Re-invent more
participative ones
¿Internet?
« Peoples » in
polítics is a fuzzy
concept
(boundaries)
Nation-State
system still valid, it
might change
though
24
#8. Against
rural exodus & international
migration
Migrating is not bad
per se
Urbanization is
unstoppable
historical trend
Enhance rural
livelihoods to keep
people in rural areas
Traveling is antidote
to nationalisms &
nurtures
cosmopolitanism
Foto:Dalvaou

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Food Sovereignty Social Movements

  • 1. Datos de hambre Food as a Commodity, Human Right or Common Good? Implications for Hunger Eradication JOSE LUIS VIVERO POL PhD Candidate in Food Governance Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium FOOD SOVEREIGNTY SOCIAL MOVEMENTS JOSE LUIS VIVERO POL PhD Research Fellow in Food Governance Module “Social Food Movements” Master Food, Law & Finance March 2017 – Turin
  • 2. 2 What is FOOD SOVEREIGNTY? #2. WORK IN PROGRESS, weak academic/UN support #4. Alternative to the industrial oil-dependant food system #1. RECENT CONCEPT (1996) quickly evolving, formulated by Vía Campesina #3. Common paradigm of CIVIL SOCIETY CIVIL & some STATES Bolivia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Nicaragua, Honduras, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Rep Dom Foto: Alessandra Ferrandes
  • 3. 3 EVOLUTION From an anti- establishment and combative position to a viable alternative to tackle current flaws of the post-industrial food system, plus hunger, climate change and energy IDEOLOGICAL & propositive: the ONLY option B Foto:IanMackenzie Foto:F
  • 4. Producers and Consumers shall regain control of the national food systems. Producing and comsuming food is a cultural issue No to TNC control over our food (Henry Kissinger) Foto: Jose Luis Vivero
  • 5. 5 “FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY exists when…” Technocrats, technicians, official statements, consensus Twin track approach (production & acces to food) No questioning “food is a commodity” or “Balance of Power”: ACCESS IS THE MAIN ISSUE - NO GUILTIES THE MARKET IS BEST ALLOCATION MECHANISM OFICIAL DEFINITION World Food Summits 1996 & 2002 Foto: FAO ACCESS IS MAIN ISSUE NONE IS GUILTY THE MARKET IS BEST ALLOCATION MECHANISM
  • 7. #1. FOOD is CULTURE When produce & eat them
  • 8. 8 Food is not a COMMODITY such as screws (ergo OUT of WTO) But NOT a COMMONS either? Water yes, seeds & land disputed
  • 9. The Economic Understanding of commons: Still prevailing in this movement 9
  • 10. 10 #3. Family Farmers & Eaters KEY ACTORS in food systems (not retailers, middle-men & corporations) Foto:LianneMilton Foto:MarianoBonora
  • 11. 11 #4. To revalue «RURALITY» & FAMILY FARMING as modern and not just URBAN & INDUSTRIAL Foto: Brazmidia Foto:Luca5
  • 12. 12 #5. The NATIONAL MARKET is more important than EXPORTI MARKET (cash crops) (WDR 2008, BM) – Cultivating 4 Eating Foto: Megan Morgavan
  • 13. 13 #6. HUNGER & RIGHT TO FOOD & PEASANTS´ RIGHTS recurrent in the political agenda Foto: UNICEF
  • 14. 14 #7. NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY re-affirmed vs deregularised markets & non-accountable transnationals Foto:JoseLuisVivero
  • 15. 15 #8. RENDER VISIBLE local CULTURES, indígenous groups, rural women & agro-biodiversity Fotos:JoseLuisVivero
  • 16. 16 #8 Elements that require further analysis & nuances Nuanced key claims …that may be difficult to pose within the food sovereignty movement Foto: Yuri Lima
  • 17. 17 #1. Against Cash crops, exports & neoliberal markets Market, yes but… Priority to national market To cultivate for human consumption Strong Regulatory State that gives primacy to people´s rights over profit Binding Food Treaty Foto:dflorian1980
  • 18. 18 #2. Against dumping Same rules to all, not hypocrisie Dumping is part of state sovereignty (supporting farmers) Countries that can/are willing to support their food producers (Brazil, China, India)
  • 19. 19 #3. Against GMOs & Transgenics Biotecnology is a tool for modernization… a. Patents/IP rights In few corporative hands b. Public research didn´t do its job MORE A POLITICAL ISSUE OF CONTROL THAN A MORAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL Foto:Edd.ie
  • 20. 20 #4. Against biofuels Generalizations R good for communication but bad for analysis Differentiated Impacts FOURFOLD CRISIS at same time: Food, Energy, Environment, Democracy Foto: Argonne National Laboratory
  • 21. 21 #5. Against Transnational Food Corporations Foto:MattGiesbrech They occupy niches left by Governments They invest big money in innovative technologies, lobby & commercials Big Corporations just seek profit maximization & not society well- being
  • 22. 22 #6. Against Industrial agriculture This type (modified perhaps) will remain with us many years It helps producing affordable food to all (but subsidised, not nutritious, not local, not sustainable) Transition to better models is COMPULSORY (less polluting, resource-demanding, oil-dependent)
  • 23. 23 #7. Against State sovereignty & in favour of people´s rights Democracies do not represent us Re-invent more participative ones ¿Internet? « Peoples » in polítics is a fuzzy concept (boundaries) Nation-State system still valid, it might change though
  • 24. 24 #8. Against rural exodus & international migration Migrating is not bad per se Urbanization is unstoppable historical trend Enhance rural livelihoods to keep people in rural areas Traveling is antidote to nationalisms & nurtures cosmopolitanism Foto:Dalvaou