SBSTTA 26 Biosafety AI’s. A policy perspective. Jens Warrie.
Mohammad al oun climate change jordan
1. National Center for Research
and Development-Jordan
Mohammad Al-Oun
mohammad_oun@hotmail.com
Centre for Agroecology and Food Security
Coventry University-February 26th
, 2014
IRSES PROJECT ‘ECODRY’ –START UP WORKSOP
2. Social, Ecological and Agricultural Resilience in the Face of Climate Change
in the Mediterranean Region (SEARCH)
3. The overall aim
of the project
Develop a community- based climate change
adaptation plan
To achieve the overall aim of the project, the following supporting
objectives were identified:
•Examine to what extent the target community members are
familiar with the concept of climate change
•Identify the public perception of climate change indicators
•Investigate the public perception of climate change impacts
•Identify what are the most vulnerable community sectors to
climate change
•Identify effects of change in climate indicators
•Document adaptation measures to climate change in each
community
•Propose an initial climate change adaptation plan for each
community
5. Methodology
A community- based participatory approach,
bringing together stakeholders from each
community into roundtable discussions. The
community members themselves played a
significant role in this assessment, where they
helped to: develop the assessment
questionnaire, collect and analyse the data,
and propose initial adaptation plans. The
assessment was based on the following tools:
11. • Testing the concept of climate
change
• Analysis of personal
backgrounds
• Defining the problem
• Determine the initial vision
• Assessment of climate change
• Analysis of the results
• Develop a plan to adapt project
proposals
Participatory Approach
12. Air pollution
Beauty of
area is lost
Less
cultivated
areas
Less farmers, 6-
60
Health
problems
Climate
change
Low rainfall
Overuse of
water springs
by factories
Lack of financial
resources
Traditional
irrigation system
Lack of Water
Lack of
surveillance
Weak
regulation
enforcement
Psychological
impact
Disappearance
of parks
Less
trees
Less
production
Production
cost
increases
Farmers’
indebtedness
Less
revenues
Increased
used of
chemicals
New pests
Less
biodiversity
Groundwater
overpumping
Water
pollution
Waste
disposable
Sewage
pipeline
13. Public Perception of Climate Change
Indicator Change
Rain decrease
Number of Rainy Days decrease
Summer Temperatures increase
Winter Temperatures fluctuations
Dust Storms fluctuations
Winter Winds fluctuations
Frequency of Drought Years increase
Frost increase
Floods only in the winter
14. Indicator Decrease Increase
Length of growing
season
Area of production
(dunums(
Output quality
Insects and diseases
Weeds
Soil fertility
Pesticides and
fertilizers
Amount of cultivated
land
Farmer Perception of Climate Change’s Effects on
Agricultural Production
15.
16. Public Perception of Climate Change
Indicator Perceived Change Effects Results
Rain Decrease Shrinking water
resources
Less water for humans
and animals, less
forest area and decline
in agricultural
production
Number of rainy days Decrease Drought during rainy
season and soil
erosion
Less water for humans
and animals, less
forest area and decline
in agricultural
production
Summer temperature Increase Declining water
resources,
desertification, health
problems,
disappearance of
certain species
Food security,
economic burden of
adjustment
17. Public Perception, continued
Indicator Perceived Change Effects Results
Summer winds Fluctuations Less economic activity,
the disappearance of
some species, low
agricultural
production, health
problems
Decline in agricultural
production, economic
burden of adjustment
Winter winds Fluctuations Agricultural and
structural damage,
drought during rainy
season and soil
erosion
Economic burden of
adjustment
Dust storms Fluctuations Damage to agriculture
and health problems
Economic burden of
adjustment
18. Public Perception, continued
Indicator Perceived Change Effects Results
Frequency of drought
years
Increase Declining water
resources, increased
desertification
Decline in agricultural
production and food
security, economic
burden of adjustment
Frost Increase Agricultural and
structural damage
Economic burden of
adjustment (plastic
coverings, irrigation,
smoke protection,
manure)
Floods Only in winter Damage to agriculture
and health problems
Economic burden of
adjustment,
contamination of the
region, land erosion
and loss of agricultural
land
25. Adaptation Measures for Climate Change,
which were used by Kharbet Al-Hadeed farmers
Common Rare
Planting more adaptive, local
plants
Crop rotation
Planting seeds directly in soil Fallow land
Varying growing times
Seed production at the farm
level
26.
27. If you are not a part of the problem, you have
to be a part of the solution.
28. Adaptation Measures for Climate Change,
which were used by Kharbet Al-Hadeed households
Common Rare
House design modifications Reuse of grey water
Fan usage Home gardening
Energy-saving lights Solar panels
Heating systems Waste recycling
Economic budget Home food storage
29. Community Climate Change Adaptation Plan
Categories of Adaptation Measures
Health
Water and Agriculture
Socioeconomics
Environment
30.
31. Category Adaptation Measures
Agriculture •Cultivation of crops suited to changing environmental conditions
(spinach, arugula, radishes, parsley, coriander, berries, beans,
garlic, onion, mint, cabbage, cauliflower(
•Production and storage of seeds at the farm level (radishes,
spinach, coriander, beans, arugula); growing Rashad, typically
grown as a shady plant, became difficult because of changing
weather
•Improving the chemical and physical properties of the soil
(chicken manure, then sheep manure(
•Use of treated, organic fertilizers
•Crop rotation
•Water-saving irrigation systems (drip/spray(
•Agricultural extension and development of the agricultural
calendar (planting dates, marketing, and activities(
•Introduction of livestock production (goats, fish, sheep, bees(
•Planting windbreaks
•Greenhouses
•Introduction of food processing at the appropriate marketing
Adaptation Measures for Climate Change
32. Category Adaptation Measures
Water (pollution, rare use( •Cultivation of crops suited to changing environmental
conditions
•Reducing pollution in water and on farms due to
transport line (community proposal(
•Linking homes with the sanitation network to prevent
contamination of groundwater
•Coordination with the Water Authority to reduce over-
pumping(community proposal(
•Raising awareness and providing guidance in the use
and rationing of water consumption
•Enforcing laws to reduce littering in the canal
•Enrollment of community representatives as members
of the environmental police (rangers(
•Improve the chemical and physical properties of the
soil using treated, organic fertilizers
•Using water-saving irrigation systems (drip(
•Well maintenance
•System for monitoring factory well use
•Reusing kitchen water
•Training citizens on how to monitor drinking water at
home level
33. Category Adaptation Measures
Environment •Reduction of pollution due to transport line (community
proposal(
•Linking homes to the sanitation network to prevent
contamination in the area
•Paving streets and solar-powered street lighting
•Cultivation of forest trees along streets and the canal
•Rehabilitation of people from the community to
contribute in the fight against harmful insects
(mosquitoes) and rodents, in coordination with the
health and environment ministries
•Management of household waste (creation of a site to
collect and sort waste(
•Use of solar panels for water heating
•Enforcing laws to reduce littering in the canal
•Enrollment of community representatives as members of
the environmental police (rangers(
•Organizing raising of livestock
•Distributing spraying equipment to the community
•Enforcing laws
•Awareness campaigns
34. Categories Adaptation Measures
Health •Reduction of pollution due to the transport line and the
dust and smoke from factories (community proposal(
•Paving agricultural streets
•Cultivation of forest trees along streets and the canal
•Rehabilitation of people from the community to
contribute in the fight against harmful insects
(mosquitoes) and rodents, in coordination with the
health and environment ministries
•Management of household waste (creation of a site to
collect and sort waste(
•Enforcing laws to reduce littering in the canal
•Enforcing laws
•Awareness campaigns
35. Category Adaptation Measures
Socioeconomics •Finding an association to represent the
community
•Providing job opportunities
•Raising awareness in the realm of family life
•More loans to support education
•Finding small projects
•Encouraging women to work
36. Energy Saving and Irrigation Project
-Insurance of new techniques
in energy production
-Better irrigation methods
This project was funded by the
HSBC Bank with aims to help the
community achieve one of the
options to adapt to climate change
through:
37. Project Components
• Installation of irrigation systems for
9 farmers covering an area of 80
dunums
• Installation of 1 unit of solar panels
for water heating
• Planting vegetation along roads
• Raising awareness and building
community capacity in the field of
climate change
