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Alliances:
Partnership for Land Use

    Asia Forest Network
Alliances: Overview

 Development Alliances
 Decentralization: Creating Need for Alliance
 Advantages of Alliances
 Weakness of Alliances
 Examples of Alliances – Cases in Philippines




                                                2
Development Alliances

Most desirable kind of ‘development’ as it:
 Is viewed as locally designed & attainable
 Responds to social concerns & social movements
 Seeks full stakeholder participation & closed
 resource access
 Does address poverty concerns relating welfare and
 livelihood
 More easily incorporates concerns of local access
 rights &tenure into local environmental management
 Is not externally depended nor driven, no model or
 program format coming from above
                                                  3
Decentralization Creates Need for
Alliances
 Decentralization
   Consolidation of the democratic process by
   widening its base participation & action
   Moves decision-making closer to local agents and
   provides a basis to recognize cultural and
   ecological diversity
   Local governance evokes transparency,
   accountability, and participation
   Growth in complexity of responsibility & response


                                                       4
Decentralization and Forestlands

 Decentralization and local governance hardest to
 implement in forestlands
   People are accustomed to be managed from national
   center
   Nationalization of forests eroded the authority of local
   cultures for managing surrounding natural resources
   Local management is difficult when ownership and
   authority is at national level: forests vs fisheries
 Multiple layers of planning needed
   Human security as continuity of access & rights,
   environmental stability
   Importance of forest resources to community’s livelihood,
   culture, and identity
                                                               5
Local Governments:
Land Use Planning & Implementation
 “Grouping” of local government unit (LGU) and local
 people is an emerging strategy for dealing with the
 challenges
 Getting local governments to engage communities in
 land use planning strengthen the resource access
 rights and tenure
 Development of local groups demands creativity,
 responsibility, trust, and quality governance
 Easier to get attention on problems & new initiatives
 good or bad

                                                     6
Why Alliances

 Triggered by awareness of natural resource
 degradation
 Formed to respond to the geographic situation by
 addressing the issues & concerns in an collective
 manner
 Composed of a wide membership of those who
 agreed to work together - equitable but not equal
     personnel from local government offices and the planning offices;
     technical persons from the national line agencies (e.g. DENR)
     clusters of communities and existing community organizations
     civil society groups

                                                                  7
Why Alliances

 Stakeholders bring different perspectives,
 experience and capacity into a discussion
 Natural landscape may cover more than one local
 administrative unit
 Can respond to broader concerns with greater
 capability
 Unique strategic position
     Partnership and collaborative action with planning and
     implementation agencies at local level lead them to better
     position in both policy recommendation and decision making
     Can bring information from the community level to the right
     people in the management or the board.


                                                                   8
Weakness of Alliances

 Difficulties in securing commitment
 Lack in funding, human resources & technical
 knowledge
 Low level of involvement from local
 government personnel due to little flexibility
 Conflicting laws or differing interpretation of
 issues
 Need for local champion
 Quandaries over legal identity and structure

                                               9
Cases in Philippines

Allah Valley Landscape Development Alliance (AVLDA)
    A multi-stakeholder group comprised of representatives from the
    Province of South Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat, plus five
    national government agencies and one NGO Coalition
    Response to intensified flooding incidents resulting in greater risk
    to poor communities
    Objective and goal: Protection and management of the Allah
    valley landscape towards the goal of improving the socio-
    economic condition of the people
    Multi-stakeholdership contributions
       greater environmental sustainability through more comprehensive
       environmental management
       strengthen and sustain relationships between two regions by
       focusing on real needs


                                                                         10
Cases in Philippines, cont.

Bukidnon Watershed Protection & Development
  Council
    One of the first province-wide initiatives for watershed
    management in the country.
    Created through executive decree with the objective of fully
    protecting and preserving the remaining forest in the
    Bukidnon watersheds and to rehabilitate open areas within
    the headwaters of the watershed.
    Multi-sectoral council seeking to address management and
    protection needs for the watersheds in the province



                                                               11
Who & what they are…
Area               ID         Focus            Response
Agusan Marsh       Dev        Problems re      River bank stability,
                   Alliance   sustain wshed    livelihood
Agusan Province    Tech WG Enviro &            Surface issues, basic
                           livelihood          needs
Allah Valley       Dev        LGU enviro       Planning, community
Landscape          Alliance   protection       economic security
Bukidnon Watershed Dev        Collaborate on   Local wshed plans
Protection &       Council    initiatives,
                              human security
Carood Watershed   Manag’t    Sustain LGU      Local planning,
                   Council    initiative       existing projects


                                                                       12
Who & what they are
Area                   ID         Focus             Response
Lake Mainit            Dev        Partnership for   Wshed management,
                       Alliance   manag’t           projects
Lamon Bay              Manag’t    Improve           Village ordinances,
Integrated Fisheries   Council    manag’t &         livelihood
& Aquatic                         livelihood
Lanuza Bay             Dev        Local             Village councils,
                       Alliance   governance        livelihood
Matarinao Bay          Manag’t    Improve           Planning,
                       Council    manag’t &         rehabilitation
                                  livelihood
Greater Dapitan-       Informal Formation of        Information & design
Dipolog City Area      emerging Working Group


                                                                          13
Findings from Philippine Cases
 Named alliances are a new development initiatives emerging
 locally going beyond sector to total area management
 Provincial or municipal enggement is key: Changes in leaders
 often result in changes in the level of commitment and concern
 for continuing the alliance
 Questions of sustainability may arise around election time
 Alliances often times fail to implement work programs due to
 limited technical and financial resources
 Communities view new ‘agency’ as another layer in the
 bureaucracy, and remain apprehensive unless definite and
 positive changes are demonstrated
 Lack of information about the area limits but drives planning and
 data management with purpose
 Through the alliances they can attain easier agreement on
 shared watershed problems as well as the delivery of basic
 services, expected to influence management and achieve greater
 human security
                                                                14

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Presentation on alliances_afn [read-only] [compatibility mode]

  • 1. Alliances: Partnership for Land Use Asia Forest Network
  • 2. Alliances: Overview Development Alliances Decentralization: Creating Need for Alliance Advantages of Alliances Weakness of Alliances Examples of Alliances – Cases in Philippines 2
  • 3. Development Alliances Most desirable kind of ‘development’ as it: Is viewed as locally designed & attainable Responds to social concerns & social movements Seeks full stakeholder participation & closed resource access Does address poverty concerns relating welfare and livelihood More easily incorporates concerns of local access rights &tenure into local environmental management Is not externally depended nor driven, no model or program format coming from above 3
  • 4. Decentralization Creates Need for Alliances Decentralization Consolidation of the democratic process by widening its base participation & action Moves decision-making closer to local agents and provides a basis to recognize cultural and ecological diversity Local governance evokes transparency, accountability, and participation Growth in complexity of responsibility & response 4
  • 5. Decentralization and Forestlands Decentralization and local governance hardest to implement in forestlands People are accustomed to be managed from national center Nationalization of forests eroded the authority of local cultures for managing surrounding natural resources Local management is difficult when ownership and authority is at national level: forests vs fisheries Multiple layers of planning needed Human security as continuity of access & rights, environmental stability Importance of forest resources to community’s livelihood, culture, and identity 5
  • 6. Local Governments: Land Use Planning & Implementation “Grouping” of local government unit (LGU) and local people is an emerging strategy for dealing with the challenges Getting local governments to engage communities in land use planning strengthen the resource access rights and tenure Development of local groups demands creativity, responsibility, trust, and quality governance Easier to get attention on problems & new initiatives good or bad 6
  • 7. Why Alliances Triggered by awareness of natural resource degradation Formed to respond to the geographic situation by addressing the issues & concerns in an collective manner Composed of a wide membership of those who agreed to work together - equitable but not equal personnel from local government offices and the planning offices; technical persons from the national line agencies (e.g. DENR) clusters of communities and existing community organizations civil society groups 7
  • 8. Why Alliances Stakeholders bring different perspectives, experience and capacity into a discussion Natural landscape may cover more than one local administrative unit Can respond to broader concerns with greater capability Unique strategic position Partnership and collaborative action with planning and implementation agencies at local level lead them to better position in both policy recommendation and decision making Can bring information from the community level to the right people in the management or the board. 8
  • 9. Weakness of Alliances Difficulties in securing commitment Lack in funding, human resources & technical knowledge Low level of involvement from local government personnel due to little flexibility Conflicting laws or differing interpretation of issues Need for local champion Quandaries over legal identity and structure 9
  • 10. Cases in Philippines Allah Valley Landscape Development Alliance (AVLDA) A multi-stakeholder group comprised of representatives from the Province of South Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat, plus five national government agencies and one NGO Coalition Response to intensified flooding incidents resulting in greater risk to poor communities Objective and goal: Protection and management of the Allah valley landscape towards the goal of improving the socio- economic condition of the people Multi-stakeholdership contributions greater environmental sustainability through more comprehensive environmental management strengthen and sustain relationships between two regions by focusing on real needs 10
  • 11. Cases in Philippines, cont. Bukidnon Watershed Protection & Development Council One of the first province-wide initiatives for watershed management in the country. Created through executive decree with the objective of fully protecting and preserving the remaining forest in the Bukidnon watersheds and to rehabilitate open areas within the headwaters of the watershed. Multi-sectoral council seeking to address management and protection needs for the watersheds in the province 11
  • 12. Who & what they are… Area ID Focus Response Agusan Marsh Dev Problems re River bank stability, Alliance sustain wshed livelihood Agusan Province Tech WG Enviro & Surface issues, basic livelihood needs Allah Valley Dev LGU enviro Planning, community Landscape Alliance protection economic security Bukidnon Watershed Dev Collaborate on Local wshed plans Protection & Council initiatives, human security Carood Watershed Manag’t Sustain LGU Local planning, Council initiative existing projects 12
  • 13. Who & what they are Area ID Focus Response Lake Mainit Dev Partnership for Wshed management, Alliance manag’t projects Lamon Bay Manag’t Improve Village ordinances, Integrated Fisheries Council manag’t & livelihood & Aquatic livelihood Lanuza Bay Dev Local Village councils, Alliance governance livelihood Matarinao Bay Manag’t Improve Planning, Council manag’t & rehabilitation livelihood Greater Dapitan- Informal Formation of Information & design Dipolog City Area emerging Working Group 13
  • 14. Findings from Philippine Cases Named alliances are a new development initiatives emerging locally going beyond sector to total area management Provincial or municipal enggement is key: Changes in leaders often result in changes in the level of commitment and concern for continuing the alliance Questions of sustainability may arise around election time Alliances often times fail to implement work programs due to limited technical and financial resources Communities view new ‘agency’ as another layer in the bureaucracy, and remain apprehensive unless definite and positive changes are demonstrated Lack of information about the area limits but drives planning and data management with purpose Through the alliances they can attain easier agreement on shared watershed problems as well as the delivery of basic services, expected to influence management and achieve greater human security 14