The document compares innate and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity provides immediate protection and is nonspecific, responding to any pathogen. It involves physical barriers, phagocytes, and the complement system. Adaptive immunity provides acquired, antigen-specific protection through lymphocytes and memory cells. It responds more slowly but is more effective. Adaptive immunity is developed after exposure while innate immunity is present from birth.

1. PRESENTED BY
MUHAMMAD
KAMIL KHAN
Difference between Innate and adaptive immunity

2. Definition
 Adaptive Immunity : it is the immune response
against a specific antigen.
 Innate Immunity : it is the immediate protective
response of the immune system that does not require
previous exposure to the antigen.

3. Specificity
 Adaptive Immunity: also called specific
immunity or acquired immunity because it is against
specific antigen or microbes
 Innate Immunity: Also called non specific or
natural immunity because it is activated against
every microbes that harm us

4. Type of Defense
 Adaptive Immunity : Specific immune response is
the third line defense of the body.
 Innate Immunity : Nonspecific immune response
can be either first line or second line defense of the
body.

5. Correspondence
 Adaptive Immunity : Specific immune response is
the supreme immune response of the body against a
particular pathogen.
 Innate Immunity : Nonspecific immune response
is the fundamental immune response of the body
against pathogens.

6. Components
 Adaptive Immunity : Humoral and cell-mediated
immunity are the components of the specific
immune response.
 Innate Immunity : Natural flora, physical barriers,
chemical barriers, phagocytes, histamine,
inflammation, fever, and complement proteins are
the components of the nonspecific immune
response.

7. Cells
 Adaptive Immunity: Lymphocytes and antigen-
presenting cells are involved in generating a specific
immune response.
 Innate Immunity: Phagocytes such as
macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells,
monocytes, mast cells and dendritic cells are
involved in generating a nonspecific immune
response.

8. Immunological Memory
 Adaptive Immunity : They have l0ng term
memory because they generates an immunological
memory.
 Innate Immunity : they don’t have memory
because they do not generate an immunological
memory.

9. Effectiveness
 Adaptive Immunity: Specific immune response is
more effective.
 Innate Immunity: Nonspecific immune response
is less effective than specific immune response.

10. Presence
 Adaptive Immunity: Developed or created in
response to foreign substance
 Innate immunity: Present at birth

11. Response
 Adaptive Immunity: slow response (1-2 weeks)
 Innate immunity: Rapid or quick response

12. Time span
 Innate immunity: Once activated the immunity
have remain throughout the life
 Adaptive Immunity: It may have long or short life

13. Inheritance
 Innate immunity: Generally inheritance from
parents and passed to offspring
 Adaptive Immunity: Cannot be inheritance

14. Involvement of complement system
 Innate immunity: Alternative and lectin pathways
 Adaptive Immunity: Classical pathway

15. Examples
 Innate immunity: WBC fight against pathogens
and causing redness and swelling when your body
exposed or cutted
 Adaptive Immunity: Due to specific vaccination
so that we don’t get chicken pox, small pox, measles
polio virus etc in the whole life

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