1. Session
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2. Session
1What is Intellectual Property?What is Intellectual Property?
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3. Session
1DefinitionDefinition
Intellectual property (IP) isthenamegiven to property
arising out of human intellectual effort.
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4. Session
1The output of human
intellectual effort often
manifests itself as new or
original knowledge or
creative expression which
adds a desirable quality to a
marketable product or
service.
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5. Session
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Various elements provide intellectual output with
attributes that, in one way or another, enhance the
quality of life.
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6. Session
1These elements may be called
► human endeavour,
► ingenuity,
► creativity,
► inventiveness,
► flash of inspiration,
► sudden insight, or
► new insight into observed facts.
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7. Session
1► These Elements may involve in
■ solving a technical problem in making something
with more desirable functional qualities, or
■ result in creating something aesthetically pleasing,
to satisfy a human need or want, be it sensory,
social, cultural, mental, spiritual or religious.
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8. Session
1Intellectual property refers to creations of the mind:
► Inventions,
► literary,
► Artistic works,
► Designs used in commerce,
► Symbols,
► Names,
► Images.
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9. Session
1Characteristics of IPCharacteristics of IP
► A key characteristic of any property is that the
owner of property has the exclusive authority to
determine how that property is used.
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10. Session
1
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
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11. Session
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
In both the case
the owner has
exclusive right to
determine how it
is used.
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12. Session
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
Can only be used by
one or a limited
number of people at a
given time.
Can be used by
various people at the
same time (including
the owner or creator).
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13. Session
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
Has economic value
as long as it exists or
as long as there is
demand for it.
Has economic value
only for the duration
specified in the laws
and as long as there is
demand for it.
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14. Session
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
Possibility of theft and
disputes concerning
ownership is rather
limited.
Greater possibility of
theft and disputes
concerning ownership.
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15. Session
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
Theft occurs only if
the possession of the
property changes
hands.
Theft occurs if the
property is copied,
imitated, adapted,
translated, used,
displayed, etc. without
permission of the
owner or creator.
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16. Session
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
In both the cases
Expenditure or
income from the
property may be
subject to taxation.
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17. Session
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
Both the
properties May be
valued and
reflected on
account books and
balance sheets.
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18. Session
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
Both the
properties May be
securitized and
used as collateral
for borrowing
money
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19. Session
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Physical Property
(Tangible or Material)
Intellectual Property
(Intangible or Immaterial)
Both the
properties May
be insured.
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20. Session
1Intellectual PropertyIntellectual Property
Industrial PropertyIndustrial Property CopyrightCopyright
PatentsPatents
Trade MarkTrade Mark
Industrial DesignsIndustrial Designs
Trade SecretsTrade Secrets
Geographic Indications
Literary WorksLiterary Works
Artistic WorksArtistic Works
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21. Session
1PatentsPatents
A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention,
which is a product or a process that provides a new and
non-obvious way of doing something, or offers a new
and non-obvious technical solution to a problem.
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22. Session
1Trade MarkTrade Mark
A trademark is a sign or any combination of signs,
capable of distinguishing a product or service from
other products or services on the market.
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23. Session
1Industrial DesignsIndustrial Designs
An industrial design (or simply a design) is the
appearance of the whole or part of a product resulting
from features of, in particular, the lines, contours,
colours, shape, texture and/or materials of the product
itself and/or its ornamentation.
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24. Session
1Trade SecretsTrade Secrets
Trade secrets or confidential business information are any
information that can be used in the operation of a business
and that is sufficiently valuable and secret to afford
economic advantage over others.
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25. Session
1Geographic IndicationsGeographic Indications
A geographical indication is a sign used on goods that
have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities
or reputation that are due to their place of origin.
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26. Session
1CopyrightCopyright
Copyright describes a bundle of
rights given to creators in relation to
their literary and artistic works. It
protects items such as paintings,
drawings, sculptures, photographs,
architecture, instruction manuals,
software, databases, technical
documentation, advertisements,
maps, literary works, music, films or
songs.
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27. Session
1One Product, Many IP RightsOne Product, Many IP Rights
A single product may be protected by a variety of
different IP rights e.g. CD Player.
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28. Session
1CD PlayerCD Player
► The innovative technical features of the product are
protected by a series of PATENTS.
► The embedded computer programme controlling
the operations are protected by COPYRIGHTS.
► The aesthetic design of CD Player can be protected
by INDUSTRIAL DESIGN.
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29. Session
1CD PlayerCD Player
► The Brand used to market it can be protected as a
TRADEMARK.
► In addition, the manufacturers probably hold a
numbers of TRADE SECRETS ranging from their
customer list to some of manufacturing processes or to
other confidential information that they would not
want to disclose to the competitors.
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30. Session
1CD PlayerCD Player
► In addition, the inventors of CD chose to grant the
authorization (or LICENCE) to a number of companies
to use the CD technology in exchange of Payment, thus
acquiring additional income from the LICENCE.
► The inventors of innovative products can obtain
exclusivity to use, or prohibit others from using, each
one of this elements through IP Protection.
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