Packing materials is describe in this PPT.

1. PACK TECH
Institute of chemical technology Mumbai
By- Kanhaya lal kumawat

2. INTRODUCTION
 Packtech includes all textile packing material for industrial, agricultural, foods
and other goods.
 It ranges from heavy weight woven fabrics used for bags, sacks, wrapping of
textiles to light weight non woven fabrics used as durable papers, teabags and
other food and industrial product wrappings.

3. FOOD PACKAGING
Why package food
 Packaging serves the following functions:
 Contents – enabling the food to be presented in a fixed measure by weight or
volume of contents.
 Protection – against chemical and physical damage.
 Barrier – against transfer of oxygen, moisture, chemical compounds, and
microorganisms that are detrimental to quality of food.
 Convenience – provides convenience in using the product. Also furnishes
consumer convenience about microwave use, ease of opening, and reusability.

4.  Product information – conveys product information to the consumer, including
description of food contents, weight/volume ratio, manufacturer’s name, directions
for use, sell-by date, and nutritional content.
 Marketing – serves as effective marketing tool for promoting product identification
and sales
 Processing requirement – certain food processing operations demand specific
product packaging to facilitate the processing (e.g. canning)
 Dispensing – certain packages facilitate dispensing of product (e.g. beer, salt, or
soft drinks)
FOOD PACKAGING

5. CHOOSING A PACKAGING MATERIAL
Mechanical properties
 The packaging material must be strong enough to prevent physical damage to the food
(e.g. bruising of fruits and vegetables and breakage of biscuits) and to other packaging
materials (e.g. glass bottles in fiberboard containers).
Physical properties
 The packaging material must be able to protect the final physical nature of the food after
processing as well as protect the environment around the food.
 To do this, the material must be able to control the movement of water, water vapor, oils
and gases.
 It must also protect against UV-light and heat gains and losses where necessary.

6. CHOOSING A PACKAGING MATERIAL
Chemical and biochemical properties
 The package material must offer protection against chemical and biochemical spoilage by
maintaining an environment around the food that reduces or prevents deteriorative chemical and
biochemical spoilage reactions.
 Products of chemical deterioration must also not migrate into the food in any large quantities
(e.g. corrosion of tin cans).
Microbiological aspects
 The packaging material must be able to protect the food and prevent contamination from
external sources.
 The package environment should be able to slow or prevent the growth of undesirable micro
orgaanisms in or on the food by use of anaerobic conditions or inert gas atmosphere.

7. CHOOSING A PACKAGING MATERIAL
Insect and rodent infestation
 The package material must protect against insect and rodent infestation,
particularly in bulk storage, in open warehouses, or where consumer storage
conditions are likely to be inadequate.
 Paper may not be suitable here but laminates can provide the necessary
protection.
Availability & cost
 The package material must be easily available at a reasonable cost.

8. PACKAGE STRUCTURE AND
COMPOSITION

9. PLASTIC PACKAGES – OPTIONS
 The important plastics, which find large packaging applications are HDPE, PP,
PVC, Polyester, Polystyrene, etc.
 These are used for building the body structure of the packages, while other
polymers are often used, in less thickness, as coating to improve the functional
properties of basic packaging
 Examples of such speciality polymer coatings are Polyvinylidene Chloride
(PVdC), Ionomer, Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol (EVOH) and others

10.  Polyolefin is a collective term for polyethylene and polypropylene, the
2 most widely used plastics in food packaging
 Polyethylene and polypropylene both possess a successful
combination of properties, including
 Flexibility
 Strength
 Lightness
 Stability
 Moisture barrier
 Chemical resistance
 Easy Processability
 Well suited for recycling and reuse

11. The manufacture of woven HDPE/PP sacks involves manufacture of film,
slitting of film into tapes and weaving of tapes into fabrics.The fabric is
coated with LDPE film by extrusion coating and sacks are manufactured out
of HDPE fabric to pack moisture sensitive goods the bureau of Indian Std
had issued specifications for the raw materials as well as for sacks required
for different uses eg. IS:9755-1999 for fertilizers)
(POLYOLEFIN HDPE/PP WOVEN
SACKS)

12.  Cement industry - 31%
 Fertilzer- 18%
 Food product 17%
 Petrochemicals 11%
 Exports 11%
 Other application 12%
The market size of the product in 2001-02was 4.5lakh MT valued at Rs. 2925
crore. import & export was 18.1 MT & 1535 MT respectively.
MARKET FOR WOVEN SACKS

13. FLEXIBLE INTERMEDIATE
BULK CONTAINERS (FIBC )
 It is popularly known as jumbo bags
 Belongs to the family of HDPE/PP
 They are made from PP (UV stabilized ) circular woven
fabric in coated/uncoated form with or without liner
 HDPE/PP 50kg packing
 Jumbo bags 750, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, & 4ooo kgs.
 The weight of fabric could very from 180, 200,240,to 275
gsm.
 Used for bulk packing of chemicals detergents food
products fertilizers plastics & resins, cement, minerals,
petrochemicals ect.

14.  No wastage in material handling (supplier & consumer)
 Flexible, collapsible & durable
 Light weight
 Reusable
 Require less space for storage
 Protects from moisture & water
 Resistant to chemical & microbial attack
 Withstand up to 100°C
 Pollution free
 Available as per customer design.

15.  Polystyrene, an addition polymer of styrene, is clear, hard, and brittle with a
relatively low melting point
 It can be mono-extruded, co-extruded with other plastics, injection molded, or
foamed to produce a range of products
 Foaming produces an opaque, rigid, lightweight material with impact
protection and thermal insulation properties
 This is a clear thermoplastic material with a high tensile strength but a poor
barrier to moisture vapour and gases
 Polystyrene alone is brittle, but it can be blended (sytrene-butadiene or
styrene polybutadiene) to get required properties
STYRENE POLYMERS -
POLYSTYRENE

16.  Typical applications include protective packaging such
as egg cartons, containers, disposable plastic
silverware, lids, cups, plates, bottles, and food trays
 In expanded form, polystyrene is used for nonfood
packaging and cushioning, and it can be recycled or
incinerated
High-impact Polystyrene:
 This is an opaque, thermoformable, moderately low
gas-barrier material and is used as a component of a
laminate or co-extrusion.
STYRENE POLYMERS -
POLYSTYRENE

17. TETRAPACKS

18. COMPOSITION OF TETRA PAK ASEPTIC
CARTONS

19. COMPOSITION OF TETRA PACK
ASEPTIC CARTONS
 Combining each of these three materials has enabled Tetra Pak to produce a
packaging material with optimal properties and excellent performance
characteristics.
 Higher degree of safety, hygiene and nutrient retention in food.
 Preserving taste and freshness.
 Can be kept for months with no need for refrigeration or preservatives.

20. OTHER APPLICATIONS
 Luggage industry consists of hard and soft luggage.
 Hard ones are made from plastic mouldings and has
large size.
 Soft ones made out of woven fabrics made from nylon
and polyester.

21. APPLICATIONS
 SOFT LUGGAGE:
 Made from woven fabrics (nylon and PET).
 Consists of totes, duffle bags, Sky bags with wheels and
handles.
 Due to lightness and flexibility these are more convenient
and popular.
 PET is preferred over nylon due to its cost effectiveness.
 But nylon ones are more durable and abrasion resistant.

22. CONTINUED..
 FOOD GRADE JUTE BAGS:
 Indian Jute Industries Research Asso (IJIRA) recently developed food grade jute
bags under Rice Bran Oil (RBO) for all edible commodities.
 Properties like condensation absorption and anti slippage
 Protects from microbes and keeps the content fresh and durable.
 Presently confined to packing of coffee cocoa beans, edible nuts, food grains,
potatoes, pulses, etc.

23. CONTINUED..
 JUTE SACK AND HESSAIN:
 Traditionally jute and hessain has been the most imp packaging material for
agricultural commodities cereals, pulses, oilseeds, fruits, vegetables, etc.
 Has advantage of air and vapour movement between packed commodities
and surrounding.
 Hygroscopic nature of fibres prevents condensation thus minimizing
problems in storage and transportation.
 It does not need cover of protective additives like polypropylene.

25. LAUNDRY BAGS

26. TEA AND COFFEE
BAGS

29. CONCLUSION
 Packaging technology has helped improve the shelf life of the products, ease
of transport and safety with regards to toxic materials
 The future of packaging lies in improved cost effectiveness, durability, strength,
etc.
 In coming years it will surely change the face of packaging textiles.

30. THANK YOU