disaster nursing

1. SEMINAR ON DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
BY:
Ms. KEERTHI KALABATHULA
M.SC (N) II YEAR

2. ALPHABETICAL MEANING OF DISASTER

3. definition
• “A disaster can be defined as any
occurrence that cause damage, to
ecological disruption, loss of human life,
deterioration of health and health services
on a scale, sufficient to warrant an
extraordinary response from outside the
affected community or area”.
•
(W.H.O.)

4. GLOBAL SCENARIO INDIAN SCENARIO
Second major human problem
after war.
Approx 20 disasters strike
world yearly
Disaster prone country
31 major earthquakes

5. TYPES OF DISASTERS
• NATURAL DISASTERS
• MAN MADE DISASTERS
• SUDDEN ONSET
• SLOW ONSET

6. TYPES OF NATURAL DISASTERS
HYDRO- METEROLOGICAL
Ex:Hurricaines, Cyclones
GEOGRAPHICAL/
TOPOGRAPHICAL(Armer
o Tragedy),Earthquakes
ENVIRONMENTAL/
BIOLOGICAL( H1N1)

7. INDUSTRIAL
TECHNOLOGICAL
TYPES OF MAN- MADE DISORDERS

8. TYPES OF MAN- MADE DISORDERS
SECURITY
RELATED
ENVIRONMENTAL
DEGRADATION

9. LEVELS OF DISASTER
COMMUNITY
ASSISTANCE
STATE LEVEL/
FEDERAL
ASSISTANCE
EXTERNAL
ASSISTANCE

10. CHARACTERISTICS OF DISASTER
PREDICTABILITY
CONTROLLABILITY
SPEED OF ONSET
LENGTH OF FORE WARNING
DURATION OF IMPACT
SCOPE AND INTENSITY OF IMPACT

11. DISASTER NURSING

12. definition
• “It can be defined as the
adaptation of professional nursing
skills in recognizing and meeting
the nursing, physical and
emotional needs resulting from a
disaster”.

13. GOALS OF DISASTER NURSING
 Meet The Immediate Basic Survival Needs Of
The Affected People.
 Identify Potential For A Secondary Disaster.
 Appraise Both Risks And Resources In The
Environment.
 Correct Inequalities In Access To Healthcare Or
Health Care Resources.

14. GOALS OF DISASTER NURSING
To Empower Survivors To Participate In And
Advocate For Their Own Health And Well
Being.
Respect Cultural ,Lingual And Religious
Diversity in Individuals And Families.
To Promote Highest Achievable Quality Of
Survivors.

15. PHASES OF DISASTERPHASES
Pre-Impact Phase
Impact Phase
Post-Impact Phase

16. PRE IMPACT PHASE
• Oocurs prior to the onset of the disaster
• Includes a period of threat and warning
• May not occur in all disasters.

17. IMPACT PHASE
• PERIOD OF TIME WHEN DISASTER OCCURS,
CONTINUING TO IMMEDIATELY.
• INVENTORY AND RESCUE PERIOD
• ASSESSMENT OF EXTENT OF LOSSES
• IDENTIFICATION OF REMAINING SOURCES
• PLANNING FOR USE OF RESOURCES AND MINIMIZING
FURTHER INJURIES AND PROPERTY DAMAGE

18. POST IMPACT PHASE
• HEROIC PHASE
• HONEYMOON PHASE
• DISILLUSIONMENT PHASE
• RECONSTRUCTION PHASE

19. CHALLENGES TO DISASTER PLANNING

20. PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
 It is the responsibility of all spheres of government
 Should use resources that exist for a day to day
purpose.
 Organization should function as an extension of their
core business.
 Individuals are responsible for their own safety.
 Should focus on large scale events.
 Should recognize difference between incidents and
disasters.

21. PRINCIPLES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
 Disaster management operational arrangements are
additional to and do not replace incident management
operation arrangements.
 Disaster management planning must take account of the type
of physical environment and the structure of the population.
 Disaster management arrangements must recognize the
involvement and potential role of non- government
agencies.

22. OTHER PRINCIPLES
Prevent the
disaster
Minimize
the
casualties
Prevent
further
casualties
Rescue the
victims
First aid
Evacuate
Medical
care

23. PHASES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Disaster
Preparedness
Disaster impact
Disaster
Response
Rehabilitation
Disaster
Mitigation

24. DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
 Evaluation from past experiences about risk
 Location of disaster prone areas
 Organization of communication, information and
warning system
 Ensuring co-ordination and response mechanisms
 Development of public education programme
 Co-ordination with media
 National & international relations
 Keeping stock of foods, drug and other essential
commodities.

25. Field careFirst aid
DISASTER IMPACT

26. DISASTER IMPACT
GOLDEN HOUR
CARE OF DEAD

28. DISASTER RESPONSE-RELIEF PHASE

29. DISASTER RESPONSE-RELIEF PHASE
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL
SURVEILLANCE
VACCINATION
NUTRITION

30. REHABILITATION PHASE

31. MITIGATION

32. DISASTER TRIAGE- NEED

33. PRINCIPLES OF TRIAGE
ALL SHOULD BE
triaged by appropriate
skilled health-care
professionals.
Involve
collaborative
planning.
DO NOT delay in
the delivery of
effective clinical
care.

34. TYPES OF TRIAGE
Simple
Triage
Advanced
Triage

35. SIMPLE TRIAGE

36. TRIAGE SEPARATES THE INJURED INTO 4
GROUPS:
deceased/beyond
help
Injured/transport
can be delayed
Minor
injuries/less
urgent.
Injured/immediate
transportation

37. ADVANCED TRIAGE CATEGORIES

38. MAJOR DISASTER EFFECTS

39. DISASTER EFFECTS
Common injuries associated with
disasters
Emotional and psychological
problems
Problems in vector control
Food shortage leading to
nutritional problems
Shortage of drugs and medical
supplies
Environmental degradation
Psychological reactions.

40. DISASTER DRILL

41. FEATURES OF DISASTER DRILL
Includes responses by individuals to
protect themselves.
Topics like what to do when
communications are cut off.
Provides a chance to practice for events
such as mass causalities.
Regular drills are required for public
buildings like government offices.

42. ROLE OF A NURSE
 Facilitate preparation with community.
 Provide updated record of vulnerable
population within community.
 Nurses leads to preparedness effort.
 Plays multirole in community.
 Should understand community
resources.
 Involved in community organization.

49. THANK YOU …..
LETS GET PREPARED…..