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1. Principles of Design
What is Design?

2. Design- arrangement of details which
make up a piece of art (2 types)
 Structural Design
 Simple
 Purpose of object is easily recognized
 Ex. Pyramids, modern furniture
 Decorative Design
 Ornamentation of a basic structure

4. Principles Of Design
5 principles
Proportion/ Scale
Balance
Rhythm
Emphasis
Harmony/ Unity

5. Proportion
Is the relationship of objects to one
another and to the design as a whole
Golden Rectangle
Sides are in proportion of 2 parts to 3
• 2:3; 3:5; 5:8; 8:13; ____:____
Rectangle is best
Square is least pleasing

6. Proportion continued…..
Golden Section
Division of a line is between ½ and 1/3 the distance
from one end
Golden Mean
Odd numbers are more pleasing than even

7. Scale
 Overall size of
an object
compared with
other objects
 Consider texture,
color & pattern
 Pictures at eye
level
 Special scale for
particular areas
Children’s room

8. Scale
 What is wrong w/ the
ex. on top?
 What is different
about the bottom ex.

9. Balance
quality of a room that gives a sense of
equilibrium
2 types of balance
Symmetrical
Asymmetrical

10. Balance
 Symmetrical (formal balance)
 Identical objects arranged identically on each side of an
imaginary line
 Conveys dignity and quiet
 Can be monotonous

11. Balance
 Asymmetrical
Different shapes
arranged
differently on each
side of imaginary
line
Remains
interesting for a
longer period of
time
2 small things
balance 1 large

12. Balance

13. Rhythm
Helps move the eye from one area to
another
creates motion
4 types
repetition
gradation
transition
radiation

14. Rhythm- Repetition
 repeat color, pattern,
texture, line or form

15. Rhythm- Gradation
 Large to small
 Dark to light
 When objects
increase or
decrease in size,
the eye follows
the line created

16. Rhythm-Opposition
Lines come together at right angles
Example: door jamb, picture frame

17. Rhythm- Transition
 curved lines, flow

18. Rhythm- Radiation
 an object
extending outward
from a central
location

19. Emphasis
 Shows what
is important
 Focal point
 Center or
interest

20. Harmony/ Unity
 common
denominator that
pulls everything
together
 all the principles
combined create a
unified design/
space

21. Principles of Design - Project
Supplies needed:
Folder with brads
Handouts from Mrs. G
Scissors
Glue
Markers
Magazines
An eye for design!!!!!!!