2. Psychoanalysisis based on the observation that individuals are often unaware of the factors that determine their emotions and behavior In Psychoanalysis, the patient typically comes four times a week, lies on a couch, and attempts to communicate as openly and freely as possible, saying whatever comes to mind. In addition to being a specialized type of therapy, psychoanalysis is also a comprehensive, in-depth theory of the mind.
3. Humanistic Psychology is a psychological perspective which rose to prominence in the mid-20th century, drawing on the work of early pioneers like Carl Rogers and the philosophies of existentialism and phenomenology. Humanistic Psychology tends to look beyond the medical model of psychology in order to open up a nonpathologizing view of the person One of the primary objectives and benefits of humanistic therapy is that the process encourages a self-awareness and mindfulness that allows patients to transition from a pattern of reactionary behaviors into a healthier and more productive practice of self-aware and thoughtful actions. O
4. Behavior Therapy is an approach to psychotherapy Behavior therapy is based upon the principles of classical conditioning developed by Ivan Pavlov and operant conditioning developed by B.F. Skinner While many behavior therapists remain staunchly committed to the basic operant and respondent paradigm, in the second half of the 20th century, many therapists coupled behavior therapy with the cognitive therapy of Aaron Beck and Albert Ellis, to form cognitive therapy
5. CognitiveTherapyis a form of psychotherapy that emphasizes the important role of thinking in how we feel and what we do. Cognitive therapy seeks to help the patient overcome difficulties by identifying and changing dysfunctional thinking, behavior, and emotional responses Therapy may consist of testing the assumptions which one makes and identifying how certain of one's usually unquestioned thoughts are distorted, unrealistic and unhelpful. Once those thoughts have been challenged, one's feelings about the subject matter of those thoughts are more easily subject to change. Beck initially focused on depression and developed a list of “errors”
