Io t based smart irrigation system

IoT Based Smart Irrigation System
1 College of Agricultural Information Technology
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
ANAND
Seminar
On
Guided by: Submitted by:
Dr. J. V. Suthar Krishna Vala
Assistant Professor Reg.No:06-0196-015
Sign: Roll No: 21

Contents
1) Introduction............................................................................................................3
2) IoT (Internet of Things):..........................................................................................3
3) System Component: Hardware and Software ..........................................................6
4) How the system works? ........................................................................................11
5) System Work Flow:................................................................................................15
6) Case study:............................................................................................................17
6.1) Manufacturers’ Association for Information Technology (MAIT) ............................................ 17
6.2) INTELLITROL-Radio telemetry irrigation control.................................................................... 18
7) Advantages: ..........................................................................................................19
8) Challenges.............................................................................................................19
9) Conclusion............................................................................................................20
10) References .........................................................................................................20

1) Introduction
➢ With India's population crossing 1.3 billion in 2016, a balance between the optimum
population growth and a healthy of nation is far to be achieved.
➢ The rising population, there is a need for increased agricultural production.Irrigated
agriculture has been an extremely important source increased agricultural production
➢ Now a days people wants to observe their work from anywhere on their digital devices
such as Smartphone and tablet or laptop. Several things were made easy by using
Internet of Thing (IoT).
➢ This seminar on "IOT base smart irrigation system” is for to create an IOT base
automated irrigation mechanism which turns the pumping motor ON and OFF on
detecting the moisture content and sufficient water level and pass data through IOT
platform. It overcome labour intensive work and also controls water management
system
2) IoT (Internet of Things):
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the inter-networking of “physical devices” also referred to
as "connected devices" and "smart devices”.
Sometimes referred to as the Internet of Everything (IoE) and Machine to Machine
(M2M) communicating.
IOT is expected to offer advanced connectivity of devices, systems, and services that goes
beyond machine-to-machine (M2M) communications and covers a variety of protocols,
domains, and applications

Internet of Things Based Platform

➢ Step1:
Physical devices:
Physical devices like Farm, Buildings and vehicle embedded with sensors, actuators,
controllers and network connectivity which enable these objects to collect and
exchange data.
➢ Step2:
IOT Gateway: A gateway is a network node that connects two networks using
different protocols together.
Functionality:
Aggregates sensor data, device connectivity, protocol translation, processes sensor
data - security, updating, management before sending it on ward and more.
EX: ZigBee:= Wi-Fi IoT Gateway
➢ Step3:
IOT Cloud: A platform that is designed to store and process Internet of Things (IoT) data.
Connected with satellite and Mobile Tower pass data to them.
➢ Step4:
Satellite and Mobile Tower are connected with Smartphone’s, tablets or Computers
• Sensor
• Controllers
• Actuators
All above device’s data come to your application at anywhere

3) System Component: Hardware and Software
1. Arduino:
It is an open-source prototyping platform based on easy-to-use hardware and
software:
➢ Hardware :- Arduino -
• Arduino board designs use a variety of microprocessors and controllers
• Arduino boards are able:
1) To read inputs - light on a sensor
2) To twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor
3) Turning on an LED
➢ Software :-Arduino (IDE= Integrated Development Environment)
➢ A toolbar with buttons for common functions
➢ A series of menus.
➢ It connects to the Arduino hardware to upload programs and communicate with them.
➢ It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux.

• Writing Sketches: Programs written using Arduino Software (IDE) are called sketches
• Upload: Compiles your code and uploads it to the configured board
• New: Creates a new sketch
• Save: Saves your sketch
• Serial Monitor: File, Edit, Sketch, Tools, Help
2. Window Application (Motor Control)
This Window Application install in with: Smartphone, tablets or Computers

3. GSM shield:
• GSM is an international is stands for Global System for Mobile Communications.
• Architecture used for mobile communication in most of the countries. Global Packet
Radio Service (GPRS) is an extension of GSM that enables higher data transmission
rate.
• GPRS is used for transmitting data in the GSM network in from of packets.
Among other things, GSM supports outgoing and incoming voice calls, Simple Message
System (SMS or text messaging), and data communication . The Arduino GSM shield is
a GSM modem. From the mobile operator perspective, the Arduino GSM shield looks
just like a mobile phone.
4. Raspberry Pi:

The Raspberry Pi is a small, powerful and lightweight computer which can do many of
the things a desktop PC can do. It does not feature a built -in hard disk or solid -state
drive. We also connect our USB cable also.
✓ In well develop country and in also in India many programmers are use this type of
computer
✓ It is portable and very cheapest devices or minicomputer just like microcontroller.
5. Soil Moisture sensor
The Soil Moisture Sensor (SMS) are the device which converts the physical parameter into
the electric signal. The system consists of soil moisture sensor.
Use: To measure the moisture content of the soil. Copper electrodes are used to sense
the moisture content of soil.
6. Wireless water level detector sensor
The water level sensor employs a simple mechanism to detect and indicate the water
level in an water source.

7. Relay Switch
Like motor drivers- - a relay circuit (which can be a motor driver in special cases) can
pulse motors ON and OFF but without some complexity.
In a basic relay there are three contactors: normally open (NO), normally closed (NC)
and common (COM). At ON input state, the COM is connected to NC.
8. Submersible Motor Pump
A submersible pump (or sub pump, electric submersible pump) is a device which has a sealed
motor close-coupled to the pump body. That is for water lifting. Motor is connected with
Raspberry PI 3 via Arduino.

4) How the system works?
Step 1:
• Login :( Enter Username/Password) and
• Give Command (ON/OFF) to your application
Step 2:
• IOT base platform: Collect and send all Analog data to GSM Shield
• GSM Shield connected in RP3 (Raspberry Pi 3)(Microcomputer)
• Now command(ON/OFF) command pass to RP3
Step 3:

Step 4:
Microcomputer (Raspberry Pi 3)
➢ RP3 is just like main controller of this system: Connect Arduino
Hardwar and GSM Shield and Wi-Fi than also power USB battery pack is
connected
• Check Conditions by Arduino software
• Convert all analog data into digital form
Step 5:
Check Conditions:
Arduino software:

1) If soil moisture content is greater than a fixed value, then there is no need of
irrigation
2) If the soil moisture content is less than a fixed value, then start irrigation.
3) If the water reaches the prescribed point of water level, then sensor gives
data to system to stop the irrigation.
▪ Command sends to Relay Module
Step 6:
Relay Module
• Raspberry Pi 3 Connected -Arduino give command ON/OFF to relay
• Relays are switches that open and close Motors Based on Command of
Arduino
• Relays are used where a safe low-voltage circuit controls a high-voltage circuit
so motor is safely ON/OFF
Step 7:
Arduino GSM shield is a GSM modem

• Now this GSM Shield connected with microcomputer (RP3) access
digital data from RP3
• convert into Simple Message System (SMS or text messaging) and data
communication
• The Arduino GSM Shield SIM connect to the internet send/receive SMS
messages from Smartphone and tablet or computer
Step 8:
➢ RP3---GSM Shield is connected with farmer’s mobile phone and laptop application
via GSM platform.
Farmer is getting SMS:
▪ Motor: ON or OFF
▪ Current moisture content (Ex. 50%)
▪ Current water level (Ex: 90 DEPTH Feet)

5) System Work Flow:

6) Case study:
6.1) Manufacturers’ Association for Information Technology (MAIT)
➢ MAIT Industries head office is located in Melbourne, Australia.
➢ Also India has some MAIT : Presently we own large warehousing and workshop
facilities in Navi Mumbai, as well as offices in Delhi.
➢ Monitoring and Control Solutions for Agriculture and the Environment
MAIT Industries provides innovative monitoring and irrigation control solutions

6.2) INTELLITROL-Radio telemetry irrigation control
INTELLITROL Software
INTELLITROL is also a PC based irrigation control system
Network Control Program
– Remote network configuration from PC
– Automatically synchronies real time clocks in field loggers
– Remote re-routing of radio transmission paths directly from the PC
– Remote re-programming of field loggers
– Alarm notification settings
The system provides real-time information
• soil moisture
• soil temperature,
• rainfall,
• Water-flow rates and volumes, presenting it graphically.
• MAIT’s system also integrates a “rain switch “stopping irrigation when it rains
• Allow graphically representation of all measure

7) Advantages:
➢ Water Conservation:
Soil moisture sensors allow for water use only when and where needed
➢ Real-Time Data give
Farmers can visualize water levels and soil moisture in real time and remotely to
accelerate decision making process.
➢ Lowered Operation Costs:
Automating processes in irrigation can reduce resource consumption, human
error and overall cost.
➢ Efficient and Saves Time
The machine-to-machine interaction provides better efficiency, hence; accurate
results can be obtained fast. This results in saving valuable time. Instead of
epeating the same tasks every day, it enables people to do other creative jobs.
➢ Increase in productivity.
➢ Reduce soil erosion and nutrient leaching.
8) Challenges
➢ Complexity:
The IOT is a diverse and complex network. Any failure or bugs in the software or
hardware will have serious consequences
➢ Privacy/Security:
The risk of losing privacy EX: There is a chance that the software can be hacked and
your personal information misused.
➢ Lesser Employment of Menial Staff or unskilled workers:
The unskilled workers and helpers may end up losing their jobs in the effect of
automation of daily activities.
➢ Equipment is costlier.
➢ Awareness of Indian farmer for this technology

9) Conclusion
➢ I conclude that this system is easy to implement and time, money and manpower
saving solution for irrigating fields.
➢ A farmer should visualize his agricultural land’s moisture content from time to time
and water level of source is sufficient or not. IOT based smart irrigation system
displays the values of the sensors continuously in smart phone or on computer’s web
page and farmer can operate them anytime from and anywhere.
10) References
1. http://www.mait.com.au/
2. https://www.rroij.com/open-access/iot-based-smart-irrigation-and-tank-monitoring-
system-.pdf
3. http://www.ijcaonline.org/archives/volume159/number8/rawal-2017-ijca-913001.pdf
4. http://www.sooxma.com/docs/Abstracts/A%20Low%20Cost%20Smart%20Irrigation%
20Control%20System.pdf
5. http://www.sooxma.com/docs/Abstracts/A%20Low%20Cost%20Smart%20Irrigation%
20Control%20System.pdf
6. http://ijesc.org/upload/3462f205e4e78cf2c3e7c042fcd8f0da.Arduino%20Based%20S
mart%20Drip%20Irrigation%20System%20Internet%20of%20Things.pdf

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