World at work conference presentation v1
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How we incorporated motivational theory and behavioral economics in helping design a Reward & Recognition framework for a large pharmaceutical company
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World at work conference presentation v1
- 1. Leveraging New Motivational Theory and Behavioral Economics Principles to Build Your Sales Compensation Framework: A Case Study Kurt Nelson, PhD The Lantern Group James Brewer Eli Lilly and Company
- 2. Topic Areas Situation Motivational Theory & Behavioral Economics Applying theory to reality What You Can Do
- 3. 3 We started on a Journey… 3-year process Build a R&R framework Utilize behavioral economics & motivational theory Meet changing market & business dynamics
- 4. 4 Bio-Medicines Business Unit (2011/2012) $12+ Billion 10 products 4 sales divisions Changing Market / Business
- 5. Motivational theory The Four Drive Model of Employee Motivation Lawrence & Nohria We brought in a research model that combines both extrinsic and intrinsic motivators into one holistic model – to find out more on this model, see “4 Drives a simple story about motivating employees”
- 6. 4 Drive Model of Employee Motivation Acquire & Achieve Driven to acquire things, resources, pleasures and status Bond & Belong Driven to create positive relationships, engage, and “fit in” Create & Challenge Driven to attain mastery, learn, improve and create Define & Defend Driven to defend status, ideas, relationships and define purpose
- 7. 7 Comparing to AMP AMP Autonomy Mastery Purpose 4 Drive Acquire & Achieve Bond & Belong Create & Challenge Define & Defend
- 8. Behavioral economics Homo Economicus or Homo Sapien? We incorporated some behavioral economics principles into our design
- 9. Global thinking Well-defined preferences Decisions maximize all alternatives Rational Pursues monetary wealth Homo Economicus
- 10. Emotional Trouble with long division Forget loved-one’s birthday Eats donuts Subject to guilt, fairness, social comparison, desire for luxury Homo Sapien
- 11. The Do-Say Problem A key behavioral insight - we often ask people what they want, but they respond with their rational selves (what should I want or what do they want me to say) BUT when they actually do something it is driven by their emotional side…
- 12. Behavioral Economic Principles Relativity (internal equity) - Concept: we judge a thing based on how it compares to others (pond effect & drive to save) Reward & recognition applications: - Reps compare new plan to last year’s plan (or best plan) – need to account for this through communication process - Reps compare their payout to peers (highest vs lowest) – need to ensure perception of fairness Social pressure (in-group) - Concept: being part of a team applies social peer pressure (competing with social loafing) Reward & recognition applications: - Team goals can work if applied appropriately – they can be very powerful motivators - Peer ratings can be harmful if they detract if they make individuals focus on how to beat their peers and not the competition
- 13. Behavioral Economic Principles Progress principle - Concept: we are motivated by small progress (incremental gain) Reward & recognition applications: - Recognition of small gains (milestones) should be used - Length of measurement period is important in developing plans Hedonic luxuries - Concept: we are motivated by hedonic luxuries (self-image construct – hedonic preference not stated in survey’s) Reward & recognition applications: - Travel and merchandise awards can drive significant behavior change above and beyond cash
- 14. 14 Our Approach We developed the incentive strategy using a structured approach.
- 15. 15 We started with a behavioral audit Leadership interviews IC audit Behavioral interviews On-line focus groups Motivational mapping
- 16. We Identified Desired Outcomes 3 Deliver exceptional customer experiences 1 Act with a business ownership mindset 2 3 Focus on the greater good
- 17. We found… Singular focus on drive to Acquire & Achieve Current programs did not drive desired behaviors Costs that could be reduced
- 18. 18 We built framework for Reward & Recognition Reward & Recognition Components Incentive Compensation Other Recognition Non-CashTrips The framework is simple, but it aligns with the 4-drives and behavioral economic principles
- 19. 19 Reward & Recognition 4-Drive Alignment Other Recognition Trips Non-Cash Incentive Compensation
- 20. Outcomes of change 72% of say teamwork improved 77% of say changes will improve Business Ownership All four motivational drives leveraged Significant processing & bundling savings 62% feel that customer value is improving
- 21. 1. Leadership interviews “What are the specific behaviors that we need to be successful in the future?” 2. IC audit Review ALL R&R Programs – strategic imperative, participation %, measurement criteria and costs 3. Behavioral interviews and/or focus groups Focus on what are the behaviors that the specific programs are driving – probe deep (outside interviewer / facilitator) 4. Motivational mapping Map individual programs to 4-Drives 5. Gap analysis Assess where there are gaps in the motivations and in the behaviors How to do a Behavioral Audit
- 22. 1. Involve up-front - Leadership interviews - One-on-one updates - Pre-reads 2. Provide both theoretical and real-world evidence - ½ day retreat - Expert consultation 3. Keep leadership/field updated through advisory team - On-going input / feedback through advisory team members - Advisory team assignments 4. Involve in solution - Provide limited choices Leadership buy-in Insights
- 23. 1. Adversity to change - People are adverse to change - Relativity principle (always compare to last program) 2. Differences in leadership acceptance / buy-in - Finance vs. sales perspective - Alignment with motivational and behavioral principles 3. Communication - Lack of understanding of changes / why - Lack of buy-in to changes Potential Roadblocks
- 24. 24 Questions or more info – please contact: Kurt Nelson, PhD kurt@lanterngroup.com www.lanterngroup.com Help us out – it only takes five minutes to take our survey on change https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/How-I-changed Thank you
Notas del editor
- WelcomeKey talking points:This is an overview of the 2013 incentive plan
- There are a number of similarities between these two models . The drive to Define & Defend encompasses Pink’s motivational factor of Purpose, focusing in on having a higher purpose and alignment with the organizational mission. Mastery is similar contextually as well as operationally to the drive to Challenge & Create. People are motivated by accomplishing goals and seeing growth and progress. Autonomy is included throughout the four drives in how they are operationalized. The more self-determination that people have, the more engaged they become. There are two major enhancements to the 4-Drive Model relative to AMP. First, the 4-Drive Model addresses human’s underlying drive to acquire and achieve. The AMP model states that money, after a point of satisfaction, is not a good motivator. The 4-Drive Model builds this in as one of the four drives, which can then be used to influence behavior. Much of Pinks premise points to the negative aspects that incentives can have on creativity and intrinsic motivation. This is true – to a point. Work by Eisenberger and Rhoades (2001) concluded that "how" the extrinsic reward is perceived by the participants has a significant impact on the effect it has on motivation. They found that when extrinsic rewards are designed to reward improvement or quality aspects of their work, their creativity improved. They found that when an extrinsic reward was structured to provide insight on to how well they were improving on a task, their intrinsic motivation actually increased. The important part then is not that incentive pay is bad, but how it is structured and perceived needs to be well thought out to ensure that you are driving the right behaviors. The 4-Drive Model uses this drive as one of the key levers that organizations have to influence the behavior of their people.The second key difference in the models is the lack of a social motivator in the AMP model. The 4-Drive Model posits that people are motivated to build and maintain positive relationships. The drive to bond and belong highlights how sales representatives thrive on building relationships – both inside the company and with their clients. That organizationally, tapping into this drive can be a significant motivator for the sales representative. This is another key lever that can be used in developing a reward and recognition system.
- Talk how these line up the SVC four points
- James
- Kurt / James