1. Topic: Physical Violence Against WomenCategory: Domestic Violence WS 420 Group Presentation Unit #4

2. Women’s Story Chapter 5: Intimate Terror: Understanding Domestic Violence as Torture by Rhonda Copelon Page. 118 – 120 in the Unit 4 of the course reading packet A Gendered System of Terror Page. 120-121 Why violence against women in the home? According to UN Report, reasons must go beyond: Characteristics of the man The woman and the family Structure of relationships Role of society Best explanation: the beliefs and cultures that men are superior and can treat the women as they wish while considering appropriate. Domestic violence through the lens of torture

3. This book, Are Women Human?, is found from the course eReserves. It was written by Catharine A. MacKinnon. Chapter 2: Human Rights and Global Violence Against Women in this book explains why human rights are being ignored. It is explaining the theory of violence. The government is not doing anything about it, violence against women has been a cultural constant. Theory included the following: Culture Religion Family Customs This materialisfoundthrough PDF file on wiki. Are women human?

4. This video, Widespread Violence Against Women, was found on CNN news through YouTube. This video was reported on alarming levels of domestic abuse against women in Turkey. According to the CNN news, 42% of Turkish Women surveyed are the victims of physical or sexual abuse. http://youtu.be/Xt_WH8EtTeI Widespread violence against women

5. According to World Health Organization study, women who had been victims in domestic violence are more likely to have emotional distress and suicidal attempts than the women who had not been victims in violence. This material is found through PDF file on wiki. Impact of domestic violence

6. This video explains about men using their physical strength to assert their authority over their wives. It shows that high rates of unemployment and results of alcoholism are making rates of domestic violence even worse. The men are saying that women’s behavior are the main cause of domestic violence. http://youtu.be/4yIx6JRhY_A Slum Stories: Kenya – domestic violence against women

7. This article is explaining about the United Nations and nongovernmental organizations preventing violence against women. The United Nations and nongovernmental organizations are concerned about (1) family, (2) community, and (3) State that violence can include. This material is found through PDF file on wiki. United nations measures to stop violence against women

8. Chapter 23: The Use of International Human Rights Norms to Combat Violence Against Women explains about: International norms addressing the variety types of violence, but there has been issues which include (1) not prohibiting gender-based violence and (2) not placing any responsibilities on states to take action and to reduce the issue. Three theoretical challenges that must be resolved in order to solve issues on violence against women: Equality Paradigm State-Centered tradition of international law Formal systems of supervision This information is found in the course reading packet from only pages 533 to 540. International Norms and Violence Against women

9. Copelon, Rhonda. "Ch. 5 Intimate Terror: Understanding Domestic Violence as Torture." Understanding Domestic Violence as Torture. 118-21. Print. Fitzpatrick, Joan. "Ch. 23 The Use of International Human Rights Norms to Combat Violence Against Women." 533-40. Print. “Impact of domestic violence.” Primary Health Care 18.4 (2008): 6. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 23 June 2011. MacKinnon, Catharine A. "Ch. 2 Human Rights and Global Violence Against Women." Are Women Human ? Cambridge (Mass.): Belknap of Harvard UP, 2006. 28-33. Print. Sandis, Eva E. “United Nations Measures to Stop Violence against Women.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1087.1 (2006): 370-383. Academic Search Complete. EBSCO. Web. 23 June 2011. Slum Stories: Kenya - Domestic Violence Against Women. YouTube, 2011. Widespread Violence Against Women. YouTube, 2010. Works cited page