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Heredity




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Objectives:




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Objectives:
    Explain how genotypes (heterozygous and
         homozygous) contribute to phenotypic
         variation within a species




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Objectives:
    Explain how genotypes (heterozygous and
         homozygous) contribute to phenotypic
         variation within a species
                (DOK: 2)




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Objectives:
    Explain how genotypes (heterozygous and
         homozygous) contribute to phenotypic
         variation within a species
                (DOK: 2)


    Predict the probability of the occurrence of
          specific traits, including sex-linked
          traits, in an offspring by using a
          monohybrid cross


Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Objectives:
    Explain how genotypes (heterozygous and
         homozygous) contribute to phenotypic
         variation within a species
                (DOK: 2)


    Predict the probability of the occurrence of
          specific traits, including sex-linked
          traits, in an offspring by using a
          monohybrid cross
                (DOK: 2)


Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)
     -The study of traits are passed
       from parents to offspring




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)
     -The study of traits are passed
       from parents to offspring




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)
     -The study of traits are passed
       from parents to offspring

     Heredity




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)
     -The study of traits are passed
       from parents to offspring

     Heredity
     -The transmission (passing) of
       traits from parents to
       offspring
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)
     -The study of traits are passed
       from parents to offspring




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)
     -The study of traits are passed
       from parents to offspring




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)
     -The study of traits are passed
       from parents to offspring

     Heredity




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Genetics (Mendelian)
     -The study of traits are passed
       from parents to offspring

     Heredity
     -The transmission (passing) of
       traits from parents to
       offspring
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Gregor Mendel




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Gregor Mendel
         “Father of Genetics”




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Pea Plants




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Self-pollination




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Self-pollination
     -When pollen from a plant is
      transferred to a flower on the
      same plant




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Self-pollination
     -When pollen from a plant is
      transferred to a flower on the
      same plant

     Cross-pollination



Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Self-pollination
     -When pollen from a plant is
      transferred to a flower on the
      same plant

     Cross-pollination
     -When pollen from a plant is
      transferred to a flower on a
      different plant
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Mendel studied a variety of traits.




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Mendel studied a variety of traits.




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Trait




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Trait
     -A genetically determined
      variant of a characteristic




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Trait
     -A genetically determined
      variant of a characteristic

     Trait vs. Characteristic




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Trait
     -A genetically determined
      variant of a characteristic

     Trait vs. Characteristic
     -If the characteristic is “eye
       color”, BLUE EYES would be a
       possible trait.

Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
A DOMINANT gene will always
      cover or mask a RECESSIVE
      allele.




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
A DOMINANT gene will always
      cover or mask a RECESSIVE
      allele.




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
True Breeding




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
True Breeding
   -Plants that are PURE for a trait
    and always produce offspring
    with that trait when they SELF-
    pollinate.




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
True Breeding
   -Plants that are PURE for a trait
    and always produce offspring
    with that trait when they SELF-
    pollinate.




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
P Generation




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
P Generation
     -Parent generation in a genetic cross




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
P Generation
     -Parent generation in a genetic cross
     F1 generation




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
P Generation
     -Parent generation in a genetic cross
     F1 generation
     -First generation offspring resulting
       from a cross bet ween the parents




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
P Generation
     -Parent generation in a genetic cross
     F1 generation
     -First generation offspring resulting
       from a cross bet ween the parents
     F2 generation



Tuesday, March 16, 2010
P Generation
     -Parent generation in a genetic cross
     F1 generation
     -First generation offspring resulting
       from a cross bet ween the parents
     F2 generation
     -Second generation offspring
       resulting from a cross bet ween the
       F1 offspring
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Allele




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Allele
     -2 or more alternative forms of a
       gene




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Allele
     -2 or more alternative forms of a
       gene
     Genotype




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Allele
     -2 or more alternative forms of a
       gene
     Genotype
     -Genetic makeup of an organism
      inherited from its parents (alleles)




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Allele
     -2 or more alternative forms of a
       gene
     Genotype
     -Genetic makeup of an organism
      inherited from its parents (alleles)
     Phenotype


Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Allele
     -2 or more alternative forms of a
       gene
     Genotype
     -Genetic makeup of an organism
      inherited from its parents (alleles)
     Phenotype
     -The appearance of an organism (tall
       or short)
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Homozygous




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Homozygous
     -When both alleles in a pair are
      the same (TT or tt)




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Homozygous
     -When both alleles in a pair are
      the same (TT or tt)

     Heterozygous




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Homozygous
     -When both alleles in a pair are
      the same (TT or tt)

     Heterozygous
     -When 2 alleles in a pair are
      different (Tt)


Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Punnett Square




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Punnett Square
        Tool used to predict the probable
           offspring in a genetic cross




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Punnett Square
        Tool used to predict the probable
           offspring in a genetic cross




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Punnett Square
        Tool used to predict the probable
           offspring in a genetic cross




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Punnett Square
        Tool used to predict the probable
           offspring in a genetic cross




Tuesday, March 16, 2010
Punnett Square
        Tool used to predict the probable
           offspring in a genetic cross




Tuesday, March 16, 2010

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Heredity

  • 4. Objectives: Explain how genotypes (heterozygous and homozygous) contribute to phenotypic variation within a species Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 5. Objectives: Explain how genotypes (heterozygous and homozygous) contribute to phenotypic variation within a species (DOK: 2) Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 6. Objectives: Explain how genotypes (heterozygous and homozygous) contribute to phenotypic variation within a species (DOK: 2) Predict the probability of the occurrence of specific traits, including sex-linked traits, in an offspring by using a monohybrid cross Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 7. Objectives: Explain how genotypes (heterozygous and homozygous) contribute to phenotypic variation within a species (DOK: 2) Predict the probability of the occurrence of specific traits, including sex-linked traits, in an offspring by using a monohybrid cross (DOK: 2) Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 10. Genetics (Mendelian) -The study of traits are passed from parents to offspring Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 11. Genetics (Mendelian) -The study of traits are passed from parents to offspring Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 12. Genetics (Mendelian) -The study of traits are passed from parents to offspring Heredity Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 13. Genetics (Mendelian) -The study of traits are passed from parents to offspring Heredity -The transmission (passing) of traits from parents to offspring Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 16. Genetics (Mendelian) -The study of traits are passed from parents to offspring Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 17. Genetics (Mendelian) -The study of traits are passed from parents to offspring Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 18. Genetics (Mendelian) -The study of traits are passed from parents to offspring Heredity Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 19. Genetics (Mendelian) -The study of traits are passed from parents to offspring Heredity -The transmission (passing) of traits from parents to offspring Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 22. Gregor Mendel “Father of Genetics” Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 27. Self-pollination -When pollen from a plant is transferred to a flower on the same plant Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 28. Self-pollination -When pollen from a plant is transferred to a flower on the same plant Cross-pollination Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 29. Self-pollination -When pollen from a plant is transferred to a flower on the same plant Cross-pollination -When pollen from a plant is transferred to a flower on a different plant Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 31. Mendel studied a variety of traits. Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 32. Mendel studied a variety of traits. Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 35. Trait -A genetically determined variant of a characteristic Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 36. Trait -A genetically determined variant of a characteristic Trait vs. Characteristic Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 37. Trait -A genetically determined variant of a characteristic Trait vs. Characteristic -If the characteristic is “eye color”, BLUE EYES would be a possible trait. Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 39. A DOMINANT gene will always cover or mask a RECESSIVE allele. Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 40. A DOMINANT gene will always cover or mask a RECESSIVE allele. Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 43. True Breeding -Plants that are PURE for a trait and always produce offspring with that trait when they SELF- pollinate. Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 44. True Breeding -Plants that are PURE for a trait and always produce offspring with that trait when they SELF- pollinate. Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 47. P Generation -Parent generation in a genetic cross Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 48. P Generation -Parent generation in a genetic cross F1 generation Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 49. P Generation -Parent generation in a genetic cross F1 generation -First generation offspring resulting from a cross bet ween the parents Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 50. P Generation -Parent generation in a genetic cross F1 generation -First generation offspring resulting from a cross bet ween the parents F2 generation Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 51. P Generation -Parent generation in a genetic cross F1 generation -First generation offspring resulting from a cross bet ween the parents F2 generation -Second generation offspring resulting from a cross bet ween the F1 offspring Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 55. Allele -2 or more alternative forms of a gene Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 56. Allele -2 or more alternative forms of a gene Genotype Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 57. Allele -2 or more alternative forms of a gene Genotype -Genetic makeup of an organism inherited from its parents (alleles) Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 58. Allele -2 or more alternative forms of a gene Genotype -Genetic makeup of an organism inherited from its parents (alleles) Phenotype Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 59. Allele -2 or more alternative forms of a gene Genotype -Genetic makeup of an organism inherited from its parents (alleles) Phenotype -The appearance of an organism (tall or short) Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 62. Homozygous -When both alleles in a pair are the same (TT or tt) Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 63. Homozygous -When both alleles in a pair are the same (TT or tt) Heterozygous Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 64. Homozygous -When both alleles in a pair are the same (TT or tt) Heterozygous -When 2 alleles in a pair are different (Tt) Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 67. Punnett Square Tool used to predict the probable offspring in a genetic cross Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 68. Punnett Square Tool used to predict the probable offspring in a genetic cross Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 69. Punnett Square Tool used to predict the probable offspring in a genetic cross Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 70. Punnett Square Tool used to predict the probable offspring in a genetic cross Tuesday, March 16, 2010
  • 71. Punnett Square Tool used to predict the probable offspring in a genetic cross Tuesday, March 16, 2010