THIS PPT HELPS TO UNDERSTAND LIMITATION ON NATIONAL POWER

1. Limitation on
National Power
CHAPTER THREE
Mahesh Jaiwantrao Patil
M.A. (Political Science), M.Phil, NET, SET, & Ph.D
(Pursuing)
Assistant Professor,
Narayanrao Chavan Law College, Nanded,
Maharashtra, India

2. Introduction:
NP is a continuous struggle to
maintain and increase the power of
own nation & to try to reduce the
power of other nations. Each nation
has to depend on its own power and
it should have ability to defend
country from foreign attack.
Weakness of a nation is an invitation
to a foreign nation to occupy land of
our country. The result may be the
loss of Independence.
Each nation tries to gain more and
more power.
CHAPTER THREE

3. Continue……
• As a result, endless competition and war
will start. War means total destruction of
human being.
• There is tendency of super power to attack
on small and weak country. At present, many
countries in the world have nuclear and
chemical weapons.
• In short, there must be some restrictions or
limitation on nation power for avoiding war
in future as well as to promote peace and
security.

4. International Morality
• Moral values depends upon the willful
acceptance of the community
• Morality has its root in the conscience of the
public.
• To preserve peace & security in
contemporary world, certain rule of moral
conduct must formulate.
• It is the duty of each diplomats to create more
peaceful relation between two nations by
using promise, fair dialogue , respect for IL,

5. Continue….
• This types of norms of morality imposes some
limitations on use of force.
• Moral limitation in the conduct of foreign affairs
acts as a great restrictions on thought and action of
those people who tries to secure national interest at
the cost of other nation.
• Nation must keep in mind the moral codes while
taking decision in IR.
• Example: The Hague Conventions of 1899 &1907.
• Geneva Conventions 1864,1906,1929,1949

6. International Law
• It means the law among the nations.
• It is set of rules and regulations which defines
relations among the nations.
• It creates rights and impose obligations on the
countries.
• It is binding on the nations.
• Sources of IL: 1)Customs 2) Treaties.
• Two types of treaties: Law making Treaties & Treaty
Contracts.

7. Continue…..
• International Law.-two types-Private & Public.
• Private IL: deals with the relations among the
individuals in different civilized states.
• Public IL: regulates the relations between the nations. It
has two types- law of war & law of peace..
• IL relates to peace and problems like the right of states,
classification of state, reorganization of states, right to
self preservation, limitation of territory, rule of losing
and accruing territory, jurisdiction over sea and treaties,
regional and international institution.

8. Definition & Role of IL
• Jessup: international law is the law which is
applicable to relations between states.
• Westlake: International law “as the body of rules
prevailing between the states”.
• in short, it is the set of rules and regulations of
action which are binding upon civilized states in their
relations with one another.
• Role:
• IL acts as a legal basis of IR.
• IL defines how to conduct international relations
among the nations.

9. • Diplomacy gets operationalised on the basis of IL.
• IL is a source of order in IR.
Continue…..

10.  World Public Opinion:-
 It effectively protects the interest of the humanity as a
whole whenever any government or nation uses a
particular foreign policy which is against the interest
of mankind.
 It acts a s a restraint on the state power and arbitrary
decisions of a nation or misuse of power.
 Whenever any action of a state is against the opinion
of mankind , people of various countries raise their
voice regardless of national differences.
 People think on a particular issue facing the
humanity.

11. • On issue like peace, war, peaceful co-existence and etc, most
of the people think in similar manner all over the world.
• The horrors of War have made public opinion rise against War.
• Example: the League of Nation , UNO were born as a result of
Public Opinion.
• It is based on people capacity to evaluate what is right and
wrong.
• Some times world public opinion can really influence the
government to radically change its policies.
Role of WPO:
• It performs an imp role in contemporary IR.
• The conduct of foreign relations and the exercise of power in
IR is always influenced by WPO.

12. • Nations always try to make their policies acceptable
to world public opinion.
• It protects the interest of the humanity as a whole.
• It is against misuse of power.
• On topic like peace, war, peaceful co-existence, most
of the people think in similar term all over the world.
• It can really influence the government to radically
change its policies.
• It has deep impact on the IR.
• THE UNO is presently considered as a light house of
world public opinion.

13. • The WPO is infavour of disarmament, arms control, nuclear
disarmament, human rights, liberalization , right of self
determination and etc.