1) Computers are widely used in many fields like business, research, healthcare, education and more. They can perform millions of calculations per second and have applications in student advising, medical diagnosis, and more. 2) Computers are defined as electronic data manipulating machines that accept data as input, perform operations on that data, and output the results. 3) In healthcare, computers are used for tasks like medical records, billing, scheduling, and allowing radiologists and doctors to access patient information from remote locations. They also provide drug interaction checks and disease treatment information to help doctors.

1. COMPUTER
INTRODUCTION;-
A computer is widely used today in business and research. It applications are
enormous. It helps to guide astronauts and space shuttles. It counsels students,
controls betting at race Tracks, and is an ideal mate for cautious bachelors. It grades
the University students, diagnosis Football strategy, play chess and war games. The
efficiency of human beings as data processing organism is also being challenged by
the computer. The computer can do a million calculations in a fraction of a second in
almost every field of human activity; the computer can stretch its arms and make it
perfect. A computer is the most important invention since the invention of printing
machine. With all these developments, computerization is still in its infancy. What
lies ahead may be beyond the reach of our imagination.
DEFINITIONS:-
“Computer is a fast and accurate electronic data manipulating machine”.
“A computer is a power driven machine equipped with key boards, electronic
circuits, storage compartments and rewarding devices for the high speed performance
of mathematical operations”.
“A computer is an electronic device that accepts data, performs operations on
that data sequence and outputs the results”.
USES OF COMPUTERS:
Computers in health care facilities:
The uses of computers are many and varied and suit many of the needs created
by such a large industry as health care. Computers are being used for financial
systems, staff scheduling order entry/invoicing home care, inventory control,
electronic spread sheet, Word processing, plant and equipment maintenance, fund
development, purchase order control, pharmacy, position control and patient care,
medical records etc.
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2. Computers in physician office:
Physicians have terminals in their office and also in their homes, the letter
connected to the office computer through modems. They can instantaneously view all
information on charts, of 2000 or more patients. The system has two files on each
patient. The patient in which lists demographic information, such as address and age,
and the patient record, which contains the medications, diagnosis, diagnostic test
results patient physical Findings prior surgical procedures. This information is very
important when a phone call is received from patient needing help in the middle of the
night.
Radiological Applications:
Radiologists use computers that are connected to other computers by
telephone lines to help diagnose illness. The radiologist is connected to a portable
slow scan system that ties a camera and a computer at the hospitals radiology lab to
television set, portable computer, and the modem in their homes. So the radiologists
can read the findings from their home itself.
Physician Data Query:
It is important that the physician has to keep up to date on the latest
information in their specialty. There is a computer data Bank called physician data
Query [PDQ].
Ex: cancer treatment
The information is updated monthly by the National cancer institute of the National
institute of Health.
DECISION – SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND DATABASES:
Dermatologists can use a computer program called SKIN LESION
to diagnose many different types of skin disorders.
Drug intake management and Evaluation system [DIMES] is a computer based
decision support system that helps health care professionals provide a high Quality of
pharmacotherapy while minimizing the cost of the care.
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3. MULTISPECIALITY CLINICS:
This clinic uses a micro computer distribution system linked via a dedicated
telephone line to the vendor’s main frame computer. There is a system schedules
appointment for more than 90,000 patients a year with more than 29 physicians. The
system is programmed to do billing, insurance, Qualification, and collection of
medical history.
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING:
The Indian health services also use computers, specifically an online patient
care information system [PCIS], that contains all health care data for residents.
II. Confidentiality and privacy:
1. Individual passwords and sign-on identification is essential.
2. Access to terminals should be controlled.
III. Hospital information system:
There are three approaches to systems development.
1. centralized system:
Complete integration of departments. It has a mainframe computer that has a
large mercury capacity for storage of patient information for a long period of time.
Online or real-time system capability exists with a Rapid response time for all
transactions.
2. Decentralized system:
Interdepartmental integration is possible. It can be any combination of
centralized and individual department systems. One variation is a decentralized
system uses a mainframe computer with some of the large departments. Another
variation has the larger departments operating on a mini computer and the smaller
ones using micro–computers.
3. Individual department system:-
No integration of deportments. Mini- computer operate independently in each
department. The systems can have disk or tape storage and entry rather than online.
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4. Use of computer in administration
1. Budgeting and monitoring of finances
2. Keeping students record
3. Maintaining statistics
4. Student billing
5. Preparation of payroll, bills
6. Monitoring materials production register
In education system:
1. Teaching and instruction purpose
2. curriculum development
3. educational administration and management
4. Research work.
5. Educational documentation
6. Educational planning
7. Educational guidance and counseling purpose
8. Examination purpose for preparing resulting.
9. A.V.aids purpose
10. To maintain students Health Record
11. computing the data
Use of computer for nurses in Hospital:
1. To maintain the nursing Records of patient
2. To Record Admission of the patient.
3. To Record discharge of the patient.
4. To maintain Intake and output of patient.
5. Keeping inventory Records.
6. To keep the data such as laboratory finding, medication.
7. Storage of patient information for a long period of time.
8. To maintain the Dietary plan of patient.
9. To Evaluation of patient problem.
10. Easy for job Rotation.
11. To Records of all data for future References.
12. Facilitate continuity of care of patient
13. Drug profile.
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5. Use of computer in staffing:
1. Administration of staff.
2. To keep staff health record.
3. To make duty rotation plan
4. To keep the data related to patient.
5. To keep the staff budgeting record.
6. On line communication with the other staff and clients.
7. Scheduling staff.
Use of computer in research:
1. collecting data and current information
2. Computing the data.
3. Maintaining statistics.
4. To make the project.
5. Arrange the data
6. Provides feedback on the input. For Ex- to teach a particular nursing
procedure. The programmed shows an animation of the procedure
performed asks learners the sequence required, analyzes the learners input
and tells them if they have got it right or what kind of mistake they are
making.
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6. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books reference:
1. Subbmmal.K. (2003), “INSTRUMENTAL AIDS FOR TEACHING AND
LEARNING OF NURSING”, omayalachi college of nursing, Chennai. Page
no 90-99
2. Sharma R.A.(2001), “ EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY” 1st edition
R.lall book depot, Meerut. Page no 314-320
3. Aggarwal J.C.(1996), “ PRINCIPLES, METHODS AND TECHNIQUES
OF TEACHING” 2nd revised edition vikas publishing house (p) Ltd, New
Delhi. Page no 363-365
4. Basavnthappa B.T.(2003), “ NURSING EDUCATION” 1st edition jaypee
brothers medical publishers (p) Ltd. New Delhi. Page no. 459-461
JOURNAL REFERENCE
1. prof: Ramachandra s.hooli, “COMPUTER IN NURSING”, “THE
NURSING JOURNAL OF INDIA” (Feb 2003) vol.Lxxxxiv, No.2 page no
26-28.
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