Presentation about the undoing of the Middle Ages by way of a few events: Bubonic Plague, Great Schism, and Hundred Years War.

1. section 8.5A TIME OF CRISIS

2.  Over nearly a millennia, three institutions grew during the
Middle Ages in Europe: Feudalism, The Church and the
Papacy, and monarchs.
 A series of events will be the undoing of the power and
influence of feudalism and the Church paving the way for
monarchs to consolidate power and become absolute leaders
over their domain
OVERVIEW

3. FACTOR 1: THE BLACK PLAGUE
1. Where did
the plague
begin and
how did it
spread?
in Asia
spread to
Europe through
trade

4. 2. What were some
economic effects
of the plague?
a severe decline in
population and trade
higher prices
peasant revolts
decline of the
manorial system
FACTOR 1: THE BLACK PLAGUE

5. 3. How did the plague
affect the Church?
when prayer and
penances failed to
stop the plague, the
Church lost prestige
some members of the
clergy turned away the
sick for fear of
contracting the
disease themselves
FACTOR 1: THE BLACK PLAGUE

6. 4. When and how
did the Great
Schism begin?
in 1305, when the
college of cardinals
chose a French
pope who moved
from Rome to
Avignon
FACTOR 2: THE GREAT SCHISM (PAPAL
CONTROVERSY)

7. 5. When and how was
the Great Schism
resolved?
in 1414, when the
Council of Constance
elected a new pope
(Pope Martin V) to
replace the three
popes who had been
forced to resign
FACTOR 2: THE GREAT SCHISM (PAPAL
CONTROVERSY)

8. 6. How did the Great
Schism affect
medieval life?
weakened the Church
and its influence
if the clergy could not
know who would head
the Church, how could
they know how to help
the people?
FACTOR 2: THE GREAT SCHISM (PAPAL
CONTROVERSY)

9. as the Church begins to weaken and its influence
wane, scholars begin to outwardly question the
authority of the church
FACTOR 2: THE GREAT SCHISM (PAPAL
CONTROVERSY)
Jan HusJohn Wycliffe

10. FACTOR 2: THE GREAT SCHISM (PAPAL
CONTROVERSY)
John Wycliffe
 Englishman
 preached that Jesus Christ,
not the pope, was the head
of the Church
 taught that the Bible, not
the pope, was the final
authority for Christian life
 he was offended by the
worldliness and wealth of
many of the clergy
 helped spread his ideas by
inspiring an English
translation of the New
Testament

11. FACTOR 2: THE GREAT SCHISM (PAPAL
CONTROVERSY)
Jan Hus
 Bohemian Professor
 influenced by Wycliffe’s
writings
 taught that the authority of
the Bible was higher than
that of the pope
 he was excommunicated in
1412
 was invited by German
Emperor Sigismund to the
Council of Constance in
1414 where he was
arrested, tried as a heretic,
and burned at the stake

12. 7. What was the
primary reason for
the war?
English claims to the
French throne
FACTOR 3: THE HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR

13. 8. What was the
outcome of the
war?
French eventually won
and the English left
France except for the
port city of Calais
FACTOR 3: THE HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR

14. England’s King
Edward III claims the
right to the French
throne after the last
Capetian King dies
without leaving a
successor
was fought on French
soil
ultimately won by the
French
FACTOR 3: THE HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR

15. FACTOR 3: THE HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR
 English longbowmen win
the day
 archers volleys forced the
French archers to flee
who, in retreat, were
trampled by the charging
French knights
 French knights were
thrown from their horses
who were hit by arrows
 clad in heavy, bulky
armor, the knights could
not get up off the ground
 English soldiers slew
their helpless enemies

16. FACTOR 3: THE HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR
9. How did the war
effect medieval
society?
age of chivalry died
and nationalism
replaced feudal
loyalties

17. Nationalism
 prestige and power of
the French monarch
increased from that of
a feudal lord to one of
a national leader
fighting for the glory of
the country
FACTOR 3: THE HUNDRED YEARS’ WAR