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Going All the Way:
Gender Integration
Beyond Sex
Disaggregation
Brittany Iskarpatyoti, MPH
Jessica Fehringer, PhD
MEASURE Evaluation
December 2017
Integrating Gender
Integrating Gender…
Is Like a Puzzle
So, let’s think of it that way!
▪ Each of you have been given a puzzle piece
▪ Find the other TWO pieces that match yours and
sit with those people!
▪ Hint: each puzzle has the same general structure:
Each of these puzzles represents a real-life
issue to which MEASURE Evaluation staff
has responded.
Integrating Gender…
Is Like a Puzzle
Gender
Norm
Implications
for
Research
MEASURE
Response
Puzzle 1: Gender and HIS
Gender norms
affect health
outcomes of
men, women,
boys, and girls
differently
Gender
Norm
Sex and age
disaggregation
is increasingly
required in HIS,
but not all systems
adhere and not
all systems have
the same
disaggregations.
Implications
for
Research
MEval actively monitors
the data exchange
between health
information systems,
including sex- and
age-disaggregation,
and coordinates the
use of matching
disaggregates.
MEASURE
Response
Puzzle 1: Gender and HIS
DATIM–HIV testing
62 58
103 25
<15, male
>15, male
<15, female
<15, female
FACTS Info–HIV testing
<15 years
old
>15 years
old
DATIM–HIV testing
62 58
103 25
<15, male
>15, male
<15, female
<15, female
FACTS Info–HIV testing
62 58
103 25
<15, male
>15, male
<15, female
<15, female
Puzzle 1: Gender and HIS
Puzzle 1: Gender and HIS
Considerations for harmonizing
disaggregates:
▪ Organizational
• System owners
• Motivation
• Stakeholders
▪ Technical
• Manual mapping
• Automatic exchange
▪ Behavioral
• Data collection
• Data analysis and use
Puzzle 2a: Gender and Evaluation
Gender and Field Team (BMMS 2016)
Field teams
generally have
male supervisors.
Gender
Norm
This may create power
imbalance in the team if
the male supervisor is not
receptive of feedback from
the team. Which might
create hindrance for field
level activities.
Implications
for
Research
MEval encourages
participation
during the de-briefs
of the whole team,
so not only the
supervisors speak.
MEASURE
Response
Puzzle 2b: Gender and Evaluation
Gender and Data Collection Time (BMMS 2016)
Survey respondents
are often women
with household
responsibilities and
workloads.
Gender
Norm
The workload of the
respondents can
impact timing of
data collection and
quality of data.
Implications
for
Research
Data collection
agencies take into
account respondents
preferred time to
participate in the
survey, so that the
collected information
are not given in haste.
MEASURE
Response
Puzzle 2c: Gender and Evaluation
Gender and Cultural Sensitivity (BMMS 2016)
Women are
expected to
cover themselves
in public, in some
clusters.
Gender
Norm
When doing
research,
interviewers need
to consider how
they present
themselves to be
accepted into
clusters.
Implications
for
Research
Female
interviewers
needed to
cover the
head to enter
the cluster.
MEASURE
Response
Puzzle 3:
Gender and Key Populations
Gender has
traditionally been
understood as
a “woman’s
empowerment”
issue.
Gender
Norm
Gender analyses
lack important
information on
key populations
(KPs).
Implications
for
Research
MEval is reviewing
the “state of the
evidence” on
gender integration
and KPs
programming.
MEASURE
Response
Puzzle 3: Gender and KPs
▪ Focus on Haitian female sex
workers (FSWs) in the Dominican
Republic to describe gender
norms, gendered relations, and
the influence of race/ethnicity,
legal status, and economics on
these norms and relationships
▪ Identify gender-related
factors (aim 1) that increase
vulnerability to HIV infection
and serve as barriers to HIV
testing, treatment, care, and
retention for Haitian FSWs
Sex work and intersectionality
Puzzle 3: Gender and KPs
Female partners of people who inject drugs
(PWID) in Vietnam
▪ Understand the gender-related factors influencing
stigma and HIV prevention and treatment
UNAIDS Vietnam 2015 Country Progress Report
http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/country/documents/VNM_narrative_report_2015.pdf
Gender norms typically
dictate men are in
control; programs
challenging this may lead
to household conflict and
can impact the overall
health and well-being of
caregivers and OVCs.
Evaluation studies of
OVC programs
and/or programs on
economic
empowerment need
to consider using
gender norms and
gender-based
violence (GBV)
measures.
MEval included
measures on youth
attitudes towards
gender equality and
GBV in youth survey and
experience of GBV in
caregiver survey.
Experience of GBV
questions must follow
specific ethical
procedures in data
collection.
Puzzle 4: Gender and Orphans and
Vulnerable Children (OVC)
Puzzle 4: Gender and OVC
Men and women
frequent different
types of venues
and transmit HIV
in different ways
in different
locations.
Gender
Norm
Visualizing condom
distribution needs to
take into account
the separate
behaviors of different
subpopulations,
such as men
and women.
Implications
for
Research
Maps made for
studying HIV
transmission behaviors
reflect the underlying
behaviors both by
venue and by type of
population visiting
each venue.
MEASURE
Response
Puzzle 5: Gender and geographic
information systems (GIS)
Puzzle 5: Gender and GIS
Puzzle 5: Gender and GIS
Puzzle 5: Gender and GIS
Puzzle 5: Gender and GIS
Contact a gender advisor:
MEASURE_gender@unc.edu
Still Have Questions?
This presentation was produced with the support of the United
States Agency for International Development (USAID) under
the terms of MEASURE Evaluation cooperative agreement
AID-OAA-L-14-00004. MEASURE Evaluation is implemented by
the Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill in partnership with ICF International; John Snow,
Inc.; Management Sciences for Health; Palladium; and Tulane
University. Views expressed are not necessarily those of USAID
or the United States government.
www.measureevaluation.org

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Going All the Way: Gender Integration Beyond Sex Disaggregation

  • 1. Going All the Way: Gender Integration Beyond Sex Disaggregation Brittany Iskarpatyoti, MPH Jessica Fehringer, PhD MEASURE Evaluation December 2017
  • 3. Integrating Gender… Is Like a Puzzle So, let’s think of it that way! ▪ Each of you have been given a puzzle piece ▪ Find the other TWO pieces that match yours and sit with those people! ▪ Hint: each puzzle has the same general structure:
  • 4. Each of these puzzles represents a real-life issue to which MEASURE Evaluation staff has responded. Integrating Gender… Is Like a Puzzle Gender Norm Implications for Research MEASURE Response
  • 5. Puzzle 1: Gender and HIS Gender norms affect health outcomes of men, women, boys, and girls differently Gender Norm Sex and age disaggregation is increasingly required in HIS, but not all systems adhere and not all systems have the same disaggregations. Implications for Research MEval actively monitors the data exchange between health information systems, including sex- and age-disaggregation, and coordinates the use of matching disaggregates. MEASURE Response
  • 6. Puzzle 1: Gender and HIS DATIM–HIV testing 62 58 103 25 <15, male >15, male <15, female <15, female FACTS Info–HIV testing <15 years old >15 years old
  • 7. DATIM–HIV testing 62 58 103 25 <15, male >15, male <15, female <15, female FACTS Info–HIV testing 62 58 103 25 <15, male >15, male <15, female <15, female Puzzle 1: Gender and HIS
  • 8. Puzzle 1: Gender and HIS Considerations for harmonizing disaggregates: ▪ Organizational • System owners • Motivation • Stakeholders ▪ Technical • Manual mapping • Automatic exchange ▪ Behavioral • Data collection • Data analysis and use
  • 9. Puzzle 2a: Gender and Evaluation Gender and Field Team (BMMS 2016) Field teams generally have male supervisors. Gender Norm This may create power imbalance in the team if the male supervisor is not receptive of feedback from the team. Which might create hindrance for field level activities. Implications for Research MEval encourages participation during the de-briefs of the whole team, so not only the supervisors speak. MEASURE Response
  • 10. Puzzle 2b: Gender and Evaluation Gender and Data Collection Time (BMMS 2016) Survey respondents are often women with household responsibilities and workloads. Gender Norm The workload of the respondents can impact timing of data collection and quality of data. Implications for Research Data collection agencies take into account respondents preferred time to participate in the survey, so that the collected information are not given in haste. MEASURE Response
  • 11. Puzzle 2c: Gender and Evaluation Gender and Cultural Sensitivity (BMMS 2016) Women are expected to cover themselves in public, in some clusters. Gender Norm When doing research, interviewers need to consider how they present themselves to be accepted into clusters. Implications for Research Female interviewers needed to cover the head to enter the cluster. MEASURE Response
  • 12. Puzzle 3: Gender and Key Populations Gender has traditionally been understood as a “woman’s empowerment” issue. Gender Norm Gender analyses lack important information on key populations (KPs). Implications for Research MEval is reviewing the “state of the evidence” on gender integration and KPs programming. MEASURE Response
  • 13. Puzzle 3: Gender and KPs ▪ Focus on Haitian female sex workers (FSWs) in the Dominican Republic to describe gender norms, gendered relations, and the influence of race/ethnicity, legal status, and economics on these norms and relationships ▪ Identify gender-related factors (aim 1) that increase vulnerability to HIV infection and serve as barriers to HIV testing, treatment, care, and retention for Haitian FSWs Sex work and intersectionality
  • 14. Puzzle 3: Gender and KPs Female partners of people who inject drugs (PWID) in Vietnam ▪ Understand the gender-related factors influencing stigma and HIV prevention and treatment UNAIDS Vietnam 2015 Country Progress Report http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/country/documents/VNM_narrative_report_2015.pdf
  • 15. Gender norms typically dictate men are in control; programs challenging this may lead to household conflict and can impact the overall health and well-being of caregivers and OVCs. Evaluation studies of OVC programs and/or programs on economic empowerment need to consider using gender norms and gender-based violence (GBV) measures. MEval included measures on youth attitudes towards gender equality and GBV in youth survey and experience of GBV in caregiver survey. Experience of GBV questions must follow specific ethical procedures in data collection. Puzzle 4: Gender and Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC)
  • 16. Puzzle 4: Gender and OVC
  • 17. Men and women frequent different types of venues and transmit HIV in different ways in different locations. Gender Norm Visualizing condom distribution needs to take into account the separate behaviors of different subpopulations, such as men and women. Implications for Research Maps made for studying HIV transmission behaviors reflect the underlying behaviors both by venue and by type of population visiting each venue. MEASURE Response Puzzle 5: Gender and geographic information systems (GIS)
  • 18. Puzzle 5: Gender and GIS
  • 19. Puzzle 5: Gender and GIS
  • 20. Puzzle 5: Gender and GIS
  • 21. Puzzle 5: Gender and GIS
  • 22. Contact a gender advisor: MEASURE_gender@unc.edu Still Have Questions?
  • 23. This presentation was produced with the support of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the terms of MEASURE Evaluation cooperative agreement AID-OAA-L-14-00004. MEASURE Evaluation is implemented by the Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partnership with ICF International; John Snow, Inc.; Management Sciences for Health; Palladium; and Tulane University. Views expressed are not necessarily those of USAID or the United States government. www.measureevaluation.org