4. Private cloud
Private cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for
exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple
consumers (e.g., business units). It may be owned,
managed, and operated by the organization, a third party,
or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off
premises.
4
6. Public cloud
Public cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for
open use by the general public. It may be owned,
managed, and operated by a business, academic, or
government organization, or some combination of them. It
exists on the premises of the cloud provider.
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8. Community cloud
Community cloud: The cloud infrastructure is provisioned
for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers
from organizations that have shared concerns (e.g.,
mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance
considerations). It may be owned, managed, and operated
by one or more of the organizations in the community, a
third party, or some combination of them, and it may exist
on or off premises.
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10. Hybrid cloud
Hybrid cloud: The cloud infrastructure is a composition of
two or more distinct cloud infrastructures (private,
community, or public) that remain unique entities, but are
bound together by standardized or proprietary technology
that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud
bursting for load balancing between clouds).
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16. How to select the best Model for your
business?
The cloud deployment selection is based on multiple evaluation criteria including technology,
business criteria, legal issues, etc…
The best model selection may be for:
Workload
Patterns
Security
concerns
Type of
requested
services
Regulations
Available
Budget
Hosted Data
classification
Availability
Time to
operate
Skills
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21. Cloud Deployment Summary
Deployment model
Description
Best suited for
offers
challenges
Public cloud
• Provisioned of general public use
• Externally hosted by a service provider
• Variable workloads
• Test & Dev
• The Lowest TCO
• Rabid elasticity &
flexibility
• Faster deployments
• Data security &
privacy
• Service availability
(e.g. cut in
connectivity)
Private cloud
• Use for a single organization
• Can be internally or externally deployed
• Sensitive data
• Legal compliance
• Security & control
• Higher customizability
• performance
• High Cost of
ownership
• Required skill set
Community cloud
• Shared by several organizations
• typically externally hosted
• Can be hosted internally by one of the
organizations or could be distributed.
• Collaboration between
universities
• Multiple business
enterprises apply Shared
services model (e.g. group
of hospitals & clinics)
• Lower TCO than
private cloud
• elasticity
• Complex IT
governance
• Composition of 2 or more clouds that remains
unique entities but are bound together.
• Make use of the scalability and costeffectiveness of public cloud offers without
exposing mission-critical applications and data
to third-party vulnerabilities
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Hybrid cloud
Cloud bursting
On-demand access
Sensitive data
Storage as a service for nonsensitive data
• Required skill set
Lower TCO
High elasticity
Security &control
Performance
customizability
•
•
•
•
Portability
interoperability
Integration
migration
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22. Research hot topics
• Cloud Data sovereignty - Legal research
◦ What are the laws governing the data access? How to comply with
conflicting laws & acts?
◦
◦
◦
◦
◦
The laws of the country in which the data originated?
The laws of the country in which the cloud customer is based?
The laws of the country, or countries, in which the cloud provider houses its data centers?
The laws of the country in which the cloud provider is based?
Or all of the above?
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23. Research hot topics (Cont’d)
• Cloud Computing portability & interoperability- Technical research
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24. Research hot topics (Cont’d)
• Cloud Computing portability & interoperability- Technical research
Data portability
Application
portability
Platform
portability
Application
interoperability
Platform
interoperability
Management
interoperability
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25. Other topics
Distributed file systems
and data management
(Technical)
Legacy System Migration
(Technical)
Performance/scale/price
estimation
Mobile Cloud Computing
(marketing, management)
(Technical)
Cloud SLAs
(legal & contractual)
Deployment Model
Selection
(Strategic Management)
Community cloud
governance (operation &
managerial)
Cost & Risk Analysis
(Management)
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26. References
• NIST SP 800-145, “A NIST definition of cloud computing”, http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/drafts/800-145/Draft-SP800-145_cloud-definition.pdf
• NIST Cloud Computing Reference Architecture,
http://www.cloudcredential.org/images/pdf_files/nist%20reference%20architecture.pdf
• NIST SP 800-146, “NIST Cloud Computing Synopsis and Recommendations”,
http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/drafts/800-146/Draft-NIST-SP800-146.pdf
• Cloud Computing Portability and Interoperability, http://www.opengroup.org/cloud/cloud_iop/cloud_port.htm
• Towards Multi-criteria Cloud Service Selection, IEEE,
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5976164&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%
2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5976164
• Cloud Computing – A Classification, Business Models, and Research Directions, springer,
http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/458/art%253A10.1007%252Fs12599-009-00712.pdf?auth66=1388152113_369819fc6a3a7900814b03a13546acf7&ext=.pdf
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27. References (Cont’d)
• Deployment models: Towards eliminating security concerns from cloud computing, IEEE
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5547137&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%
2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5547137
• Cloud computing: Issues and challenges, IEEE
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5474674&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%
2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5474674
• Virtual Infrastructure Management in Private and Hybrid Clouds, IEEE
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/login.jsp?tp=&arnumber=5233608&url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fxpls%
2Fabs_all.jsp%3Farnumber%3D5233608
• Building a Flexible Service Architecture for User Controlled Hybrid Clouds, IEEE
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/articleDetails.jsp?arnumber=6329175
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Hybrid cloud challenges: portability, interoperability, integration, migrationCommunity cloud advantages:The costs are spread over fewer users than a public cloud (but more than a private cloud), so only some of the cost savings potential of cloud computing are realized
What are the laws governing the data access? How to comply with conflicting laws & acts?The laws of the country in which the data originated?The laws of the country in which the cloud customer is based?The laws of the country, or countries, in which the cloud provider houses its data centers?The laws of the country in which the cloud provider is based?Or all of the above?
A system that involves cloud computing typically includes data, application, platform, and infrastructure components, where:Data is the machine-processable representation of information, held in computer storage.Applications are software programs that perform functions related to business problems.Platforms are programs that support the applications and perform generic functions that are not business-related.Infrastructure is a collection of physical computation, storage, and communication resources.
A system that involves cloud computing typically includes data, application, platform, and infrastructure components, where:Data is the machine-processable representation of information, held in computer storage.Applications are software programs that perform functions related to business problems.Platforms are programs that support the applications and perform generic functions that are not business-related.Infrastructure is a collection of physical computation, storage, and communication resources.Data portabilitySuppose that an enterprise uses a SaaS product for Customer Relations Management (CRM), for example, and the commercial terms for use of that product become unattractive compared with other SaaS products or with use of an in-house CRM solution. The customer data held by the SaaS product may be crucial to the enterprise's operation. How easy will it be to move that data to another CRM solution?Application PortabilityEnables the re-use of application components across cloud PaaS services and traditional computing platforms. Application portability requires a standard interface exposed by the supporting platform.Platform PortabilityHas 2 types:Re-use of platform components across cloud IaaS services and non-cloud infrastructure – platform source portabilityRe-use of bundles containing applications and data with their supporting platforms – machine image portabilityApplication InteroperabilityIs the interoperability between application components deployed as SaaS, as applications using PaaS, as applications on platforms using IaaS, in a traditional enterprise IT environment, or on client devicesCloud SaaS gives enterprises the possibility of acquiring new application capabilities quickly and easily, but much of the benefit of this is lost if costly integration work is needed to make the SaaS service interoperate with other applications and services that the enterprise uses.Application components typically intercommunicate by invoking their respective platforms, which implement the necessary communications protocols. It requires that the interoperating applications Platform interoperability is achieved at firstshare common process and data models. These are not appropriate subjects for generic standards, although there are specific standards for some particular applications and business areas.Platform InteroperabilityPlatform interoperability is interoperability between platform componentsPlatform interoperability requires standard protocols for service discovery and information exchange.Application interoperability cannot be achieved without platform interoperability.Protocols for information exchange between platforms should support the establishment of sessions and transfer of session information, as well as information transport. (In the case of IaaS, the platform in question is not part of the infrastructure service but implemented on top of it.) Session information might, for example, include the user’s identity, the authorization level established by the user for access control purposes, the user’s time-zone, the user’s language, and the user’s preferred cultural environment.Management Interoperabilityinteroperability between cloud services (SaaS, PaaS, or IaaS) and programs concerned with the implementation of on-demand self-service.This can only be achieved if cloud services have standard interfaces.