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The American Recovery &
 Reinvestment Act of 2009




Shelley Geballe, JD, MPH
CT Voices for Children
The Purposes of the ARRA
1. To preserve and create jobs and promote economic recovery
2. To assist those most impacted by the recession
3. To provide investments needed to increase economic
   efficiency by spurring technological advances in science and
   health
4. To invest in transportation, environmental protection, and
   other infrastructure that will provide long-term economic
   benefits
5. To stabilize State and local government budgets, in order to
   minimize and avoid reductions in essential services and
   counterproductive state and local tax increases.

                                                                2
ARRA, Section 3(a)
The Scope of the ARRA


The $787 billion ARRA provides the nation with:

•    $280.8 billion of federal aid through tax cuts

•     $198 billion through direct spending (e.g., Medicaid,
    unemployment insurance, COBRA subsidies, health
    information technology)

•     $308.5 billion through discretionary spending (e.g., for
    transportation, housing/urban development, state/local school
    grants, energy, water, job training, food assistance).


                                                              3
Am erican Re covery & Reinvestm ent Act of 2009 (in billions)

                                 Discretionary-
                 Discretionary-
                Labor&HHSDept, Environment, 10.5
                                                     Discretionary-
                      25.8
                                                      Other, 36.4
           Discretionary-
          Agriculture, 26.4


                Discretionary-
               Education, 43.9
    Discretionary-
    Energy/w ater,
                                                                         Tax cuts, 280.8
        50.8

            Discretionary-
             State & local
           school grants,
                 53.6
 Discretionary-
Transp,housing,
urban dev, 61.1
                                                                      Direct-Medicaid,
               Direct-Other, 4.8
                                                                             90

                                   Direct-COBRA              Direct-UI/other
            Direct-Health-
                                   subsidies, 25.1           programs, 57.3
             inf ormation
          technology, 20.8


                                                                                         4
Education Funding in ARRA: $115 Billion
                                          Teacher quality, 0.4 Impact aid, 0.1
                                                                              Other, 0.25
                                  Work study, 0.2
 Vocational rehabiliation, 0.68
                                                                                      Education of homeless
 Education technology, 0.9                                                                children, 0.07
 Child care development, 2

       Head Start, 2.1

Special education, 12.2


                                                                                        State aid for schools/critical
                                                                                                needs, 53.6
         Title 1, 13




         Higher education tax credit,
                    13.9

                                                                                                              5
                                                   Pell grants, 15.6
Federal Stimulus Funding Mechanisms

BY FORMULA: Federal agencies distribute funds to
  states/localities using pre-existing formulae (e.g., Medicaid,
     Highway infrastructure investment)
BY COMPETITION: Federal agencies distribute FRPs and
  convene panels to evaluate applications (e.g., NIH, NSF, broadband
     program)
BY DEMAND: Funding awarded to respond directly to demand
  from eligible individuals (e.g., premium subsidies for COBRA
     continuation coverage, Unemployment Insurance, Pell grants, Food Stamps/SNAP,
     small business loans)
BY ONE-TIME AUTOMATIC DISBURSEMENTS: (e.g., $250 to
     Social Security, Veterans and Supplemental Security Income beneficiaries)
BY FEDERAL AGENCY PLAN: Funding awarded according to
  federal agencies’ own operating/spending plans (e.g.,
     environmental cleanup of nuclear waste sites, national park construction,
     defense/veterans infrastructure programs)
                                                                                 6
 www.recovery.wa.gov/about.asp
Help for State/Local Government/Non-Profits

 THE BIG CHECK. Close to $100B sent directly to states to help
   address budget gaps. Can supplant some needed state
   spending.

                      EX: Increase in federal rate of reimbursement for Medicaid
                          (~$87B); flexible funding for education & other public
                          purposes through the State Fiscal Stabilization Fund ($8.8B)

 THE HELPING HAND. As much as $130B in formula funding
   that may supplement state spending
               EX: For education ($64B); for transportation/infrastructure ($40B)

 THE COOKIE JAR. Up to $100B in competitive grant
   opportunities
               EX: Education Incentive Grants ($5B); Energy Efficiency Grants
                  ($3.2B)                                                    7
C.Whatley, Understanding the Stimulus (Council of State Governments, 2009)
Help for Individuals/Businesses
TAX RELIEF FOR INDIVIDUALS/FAMILIES
EX: Making Work Pay Tax Credit; Refundable First-Time Homebuyer Credit; increase
    in EITC, American Opportunity Education Tax Credit, expansion of Child Credit,
    temporary suspension of federal income tax on first $2,400 of UI benefits,
    extension of AMT relief for 2009; tax credits for energy-efficient improvements to
    existing homes

TAX INCENTIVES FOR BUSINESSES
EX: extend bonus depreciation, tax incentives to hire unemployed veterans and
    disconnected youth, 5-year carry-back of net operating losses for small businesses,
    enhanced small business expensing

ECONOMIC RECOVERY & INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING TOOLS
    EX: new Recovery Zone Bonds, Qualified School Construction Bonds, “Build
    America” bonds

INVESTMENTS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY
EX: expansion of energy-related tax credits
                                                                                  8
Federal Timeline
2/13/09: ARRA passed by US House/Senate
2/17/09: ARRA signed by President. www.recovery.gov goes live
2/19/09: Federal agencies start reporting formula block grant
    awards
3/3/09: Federal agencies start reporting use of funds
5/3/09: Federal agencies to make Performance Plans public and
    report on their allocations for entitlement programs
5/13/09: Detailed agency financial reports to be made publicly
    available
5/20/09: Federal agencies to begin reporting their competitive
    grants and contracts
7/15/09: Recipients of federal funds to begin reporting on their
    use of funds
For other key dates see:
    www.staterecovery.org/Websites/staterecovery/Images/Appendix.pdf
                                                                       9
   www.recovery.gov
Release of Federal Funds Is Purposefully Fast
EX: HUD allocated ~75% of its $13.6B ARRA funding (i.e.
   $10.1B) within one week of the President signing ARRA.
   Remaining 25% is to be awarded later through competitive
   grants. HUD ARRA stimulus funding includes:
Promoting Energy Efficiency/Creating Green Jobs
    •     Public Housing Capital Program, $3B (CT=$37.5M)
    •     Lead Hazard Reduction/Healthy Homes, $100M (CT=$7.6M)
Supporting Shovel-Ready Projects/Assisted Housing Improvements
    •     Tax Credit Assistance Program, $2.25B (CT=$26.2M)
    •     Project-Based Rental Assistance, $2B (CT=$48.3M)
Promoting Stable Communities/Helping Hard-Hit Families
    •     Community Development Block Grant Program, $1B (CT=$11.1M)
    •     Homelessness Prevention Fund, $1.5B (CT=17M)
    •     FHA Loan Limits
                                                                  10
   www.hud.gov/recovery
Accountability & Transparency
The ARRA includes unprecedented requirements for
   accountability and transparency.
President’s five objectives for federal agencies:
•    Award and distribute recovery funds in a prompt, fair, and
   reasonable manner
•    Ensure that the recipients and uses of all recovery funds are
   transparent to the public, and that the public benefits of these
   funds are reported clearly, accurately, and in a timely manner
•    Use recovery funds for authorized purposes; take every step
   needed to prevent instances of fraud, waste, error, and abuse
•    Ensure that projects funded under the recovery legislation
   avoid unnecessary delays and cost overruns
•    Require that programs meet specific goals and targets, and
   contribute to improved performance on broad economic
   indicators.                                                  11
Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for
                      CT’s State & Local Governments
                State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Grant Programs
                                                        (in millions)

Medicaid                   $1,178 Drinking &                            68 Highways &             302
                                  Clean Water                              Bridges
Fiscal                         542 Weatherization                       66 Transit Capital        105
Stabilization                                                              Grants
Title I- Ed                      95 State Energy                        46 Rail                   30
                                    Program                                Modernization
Special Ed                      142 Housing                             90 UI State                6
                                                                           Administration
Early Care                        18 Public Safety                      21 Dislocated              14
                                                                           Workers
Food                               6 Workforce                          16 Foster Care             15
                                     Investment Act
                                                                                             12
Federal Funds Information for States, Budget Brief 09-04 (2/23/09)
Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT:
                     Medicaid FMAP Increase

ARRA increases CT’s Federal Medicaid Assistance Percentage (FMAP) by:
•   ACROSS-THE-BOARD INCREASE: Increases each state’s FMAP rate by 6.2
    percentage points. In CT, means federal reimbursement increases from 50% to
    56.2%.
•   HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT BONUS: Increases state FMAP with bonus based on
    state’s quarterly unemployment rate relative to its base rate (the lowest 3-month
    average rate CT has experienced since 1/2006, i.e., 4.2%). If unemployment is 1.5-
    2.5 percentage points over base, get 5.5% multiplier, if 2.5-3.5 percentage points
    get 8.5% multiplier, if more than 3.5 percentage points get 11.5% multiplier.


CT’s new FMAP (est) = 60.2%. Results in $514.2M more federal funds in FY 2009 and
    $653.5M more in 2010/2011, for total of $1.178B more in federal reimbursements.



                                                                               13
Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT:
                      State Fiscal Stabilization Fund

Total of $53.6B in grants to Governors for state fiscal relief: a) $39.6B for local schools
     and higher education & b) $8.8B for public safety and other government services
     (that can include education-related spending).

Allocations to states based 61% on state’s share of population age 5-24 and 39% on
    share of total population.

Funds can be used in FY 2009, 2010 and 2011. Governor submits application to DOEd
    with required assurances, baseline data on assurances, and plan for how will use
    funds. State gets 2/3 of funds within two weeks of submitting application. Other
    1/3 not paid until DOEd has approved the state's plan to comply with the law's
    assurances that states take steps to increase teacher quality, build better data
    systems, improve standards and assessments, and working to turn around failing
    schools. 50% of Title I and special education funds will be available by the end of
    March.

Funds can be used to meet current state MOE requirements for special education and
    Elementary & Secondary Education Act.
                                                                                    14
Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT: Education


         State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Education-Related Funding
                                                                     (in millions)

  Aid for                         $541.9 Head Start                                  4.7 Work-Study           2.3
  schools
  (SFSF)

  Pell grants                        170.9 Child Care                                13.7 Education of        0.2
                                           Development                                    Homeless
                                           Block Grant                                    Children
  Title I                              95.5 Education                                4.7 Independent          0.2
                                            Technology                                   Living

  Special                            142.2 Vocational                                3.3 Higher Ed Tax         D
  Education                                Rehabilitation                                Credit


                                                                                                         15
www.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/statetables/09arrastatetables.pdf
Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT: Labor

           State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Labor-Related Funding
                                                        (in millions)


   Education                    4.4 Youthbuild                                 C State                              4.4
   & Training                                                                  C Employment
                                    Green Jobs
                                                                                 Services
   Adult                            Training
                                    Job Corps                                  C
   Education                   11.1 High Growth &                              C UI Incentive                       84
   & Training                       Emerging Industry                            Payments
                                    Training Grants
   Youth

   Dislocated                  13.5 Dislocated Worker                          C UI State Admin                     6.0
   Workers                                                                       grants

   Comm. Svs                     1.3 Work Opportunity                          D COBRA                               D
   older Am                          Tax Credit                                  Continuation                  16
www.dol.gov/PrinterFriendly/PrinterVersion.aspx?url=http://www.dol.gov/recovery/implement.htm; FFIS BB 09-04
Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT:
                      Environment & Energy

State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Energy & Environment Funding
                               (in millions)

Drinking Water       19.5 Weatherization       65.8 Transportation         C
SRF                                                 Electrification
                                                    Grants

Clean Water          48.4 State Energy         46.0 Energy-                D
SRF                       Program                   Efficient
                                                    Appliance
                                                    Rebate
Brownfields            C Energy                32.2 Smart Grid             C
Projects                 Efficiency &          & C Investment
                         Conservation               Program
                         Block Grants
Diesel Emission        C Adv. Battery            C Altern Fueled           C
Grants                   Mfg Grants                Vehicles           17
Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT:
                         Health/Nutrition
   State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Health/Nutrition Funding
                                (in millions)

Medicaid                    Immunization        4.2 Supplemental         152
                                                    Nutrition
FMAP Increase       1,178
                                                    Assistance
DSH                   9.9
                                                    Program
Community          $3.7 & Transitional           D Food Stamp            2.5
Health Centers          C Medical                  Admin
Infrastructure &          Assistance
Services                  Extension
Health                 C WIC                    32.2 School Lunch        0.9
Information                                          Equipment
Technology
Medicaid HIT-          D Emergency               1.1 Elderly             0.8
Related Funding          Food/Shelter                Nutrition
                                                                    18
Millions More Can Be Claimed by CT Taxpayers


Making Work Pay Tax Credit: Estimated 1.3 million CT
  taxpayers can benefit, claiming $1.36 billion in refundable
  credits

Expanded Child Tax Credit: Estimated 116,000 CT children can
   benefit, claiming $52 million in benefits from expanded
   credits

American Opportunity Tax Credit (for higher education
  expenses): Estimated 30,000 CT low-income college students
  will benefit
                                                            19
CT’s Implementation of ARRA
2/11/09: Gov. Rell convenes 21-person CT Recovery Working Group to
determine “shovel ready” projects to be funded
(www.ct.gov/recovery/lib/recovery/Purposed_Stimulus_Projects.pdf)
2/27/09: Gov. Rell sends required certification to OMB that CT “will request
and accept funds” provided by the ARRA and “use such funds to create jobs
and promote economic growth in a manner that is in the best interests of the
taxpayers of the State of Connecticut.”
Gov. Rell establishes Stimulus Expediting Group to help cities/towns and
organizations that receive stimulus funds with any impediments/concerns with
their projects (e.g., permits).
3/6/09: CT Recovery Initiative Website launched (www.recovery.ct.gov) to be
“clearinghouse” for: soliciting funding requests and submitting projects;
tracking deadlines and “progress of stimulus-funded projects;” latest news on
the stimulus in CT; e-alerts, etc.

                                                                        20
THE AMERICAN RECOVERY AND
      REINVESTMENT ACT’S
CHALLENGES FOR CONNECTICUT
I.    Conditions Are Attached to Some Stimulus Funds
                    CT Should Ensure It Complies
EX: To claim State Fiscal Stabilization Fund funds, CT must: maintain state
    support for K-12 and public higher education in FY 09-FY 11 at least at
    the level of FY 06; achieve equity in distribution of highly qualified
    teachers; establish a P-16 longitudinal data system; enhance the quality of
    educational assessments for English Language Learners and students with
    disabilities; and ensure compliance with corrective actions required for
    low-performing schools.
EX: Enhanced federal reimbursements for Medicaid are provided only if: the
     state maintains the same eligibility standards as on July 1, 2008; the state
     reports on its compliance with Medicaid’s “prompt provider payment”
     requirements; none of the additional funds are put into a rainy day fund.
EX: State Energy Program grants conditioned on state certification that public
     utility commission will implement policies to ensure state-regulated
     electric and gas utilities have appropriate incentives to reduce energy use
     and state building codes meet conservation/efficiency standards
                                                                           22
II. Some Stimulus Funds May Only Supplement,
              Not Supplant – Current State Funding
EX: CT can receive additional Child Care Development Block Grant funds but
   only if the funds are used to supplement state General Fund spending on
   child care assistance & quality improvements for low-income families, not
   supplant it.
EX: New federal funds under ARRA for the Public Housing Capital Fund must
    supplement, not supplant, spending from other federal, state, and local
    sources independently generated by the public housing agency.
EX: For various of ARRA’s transportation funding sections, the state must
    comply with maintenance of effort requirements. The Governor must
    provide to the US DOT a statement showing the amount of funds the state
    planned to spend from state sources as 2/17/09 (the date the ARRA was
    enacted) through 9/30/2010 for the types of projects to be funded (e.g.,
    highways, high speed rail/intercity passenger rail, grants for airports,
    capital investment grants etc.). If the state cannot maintain its certified
    level of effort, it is restricted in getting additional federal funding.
                                                                          23
III.    Changes in Current State Law Are Needed to Take
           Advantage of Some of ARRA’s Incentive Payments
EX: ARRA’s Unemployment Insurance Provisions:
•      Increases UI benefits by $25/week increase (at wholly federal expense)
•      Extends Temporary Emergency Unemployment Compensation program
       through 1209 (not 3/09), providing more weeks of benefits
•      Waives until 12/31/10 the accrual of interest and interest payments on
       loans to states from the Federal Unemployment Account
•      Increases federal funding for state UI administration and picks up with
       federal funds all costs of Extended Benefits program for workers who
       exhaust UI in 2009 (so states don’t have to pay their share).
ARRA also provides incentive payments for state UI reforms. CT already
   eligible for ~$28M (1/3 of incentive) because has Alternative Base Period
   in state law. CT can receive ~$56M more (2/3) if makes one minor
   change to UI state law regarding qualifying compelling family reasons
   for leaving work -- to include spouse relocation (in addition to domestic
   violence & illness/disability)                                      24
IV.    Responding to ARRA’s Competitive Grant
             Opportunities Requires Enhanced Capacity

EX: Education Incentive Grants.
Of the amount appropriated for the State Fiscal Stabilization
     Fund, the US Department of Education will use:

   •     At least $4.35 billion to make competitive grants under
         the quot;Race to the Topquot; fund. GOAL: To help states to
         drive significant improvement in student achievement
   •     Up to $650 million to make competitive awards under the
         quot;Invest in What Works and Innovationquot; Fund. GOAL:
         Reward LEAs, schools, non-profits that have made
         significant gains in closing achievement gaps to serve as
         models for best practices.
                                                                25
V.   Other Challenges


• Unless CT residents/non-profits know of the ARRA
provisions benefiting them, they’re unlikely to take advantage of
them. Education and outreach efforts are needed.

• Because ARRA funding is time-limited, care must be taken to
not further exacerbate CT’s structural deficit.
• Complying with ARRA’s transparency & accountability
provisions imposes additional responsibilities on beneficiaries.
• The capacity of state/local government to respond
aggressively and competently to ARRA is undermined by other
state budget-related challenges. Others can help, and should.

                                                            26
I’m reminded of words President Kennedy spoke in
another time of uncertainty. quot;Do not pray for easy
lives. Pray to be stronger men. Do not pray for tasks
equal to your powers. Pray for powers equal to your
tasks.quot;

America, we will prove equal to this task. It will take
time, and it will take effort, but working together, we
will turn this crisis into opportunity and emerge from
our painful present into a brighter future.

                               President Barack Obama (2/14/09)

                                                         27
For more information:

Shelley Geballe, JD, MPH, Distinguished Senior Fellow
CT Voices for Children
33 Whitney Avenue, New Haven CT
Shelley.Geballe@yale.edu
203-530-8599

CT Voices’ Federal Stimulus Webpage
http://www.ctkidslink.org/federalstimulus.html

CT Voices’ State Budget Webpage
http://www.ctkidslink.org/announcement_83.html

To sign up for state budget alerts, e-mail
msullivan@ctkidslink.org
                                                        28

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Arra Geballe Presentation 030909

  • 1. The American Recovery & Reinvestment Act of 2009 Shelley Geballe, JD, MPH CT Voices for Children
  • 2. The Purposes of the ARRA 1. To preserve and create jobs and promote economic recovery 2. To assist those most impacted by the recession 3. To provide investments needed to increase economic efficiency by spurring technological advances in science and health 4. To invest in transportation, environmental protection, and other infrastructure that will provide long-term economic benefits 5. To stabilize State and local government budgets, in order to minimize and avoid reductions in essential services and counterproductive state and local tax increases. 2 ARRA, Section 3(a)
  • 3. The Scope of the ARRA The $787 billion ARRA provides the nation with: • $280.8 billion of federal aid through tax cuts • $198 billion through direct spending (e.g., Medicaid, unemployment insurance, COBRA subsidies, health information technology) • $308.5 billion through discretionary spending (e.g., for transportation, housing/urban development, state/local school grants, energy, water, job training, food assistance). 3
  • 4. Am erican Re covery & Reinvestm ent Act of 2009 (in billions) Discretionary- Discretionary- Labor&HHSDept, Environment, 10.5 Discretionary- 25.8 Other, 36.4 Discretionary- Agriculture, 26.4 Discretionary- Education, 43.9 Discretionary- Energy/w ater, Tax cuts, 280.8 50.8 Discretionary- State & local school grants, 53.6 Discretionary- Transp,housing, urban dev, 61.1 Direct-Medicaid, Direct-Other, 4.8 90 Direct-COBRA Direct-UI/other Direct-Health- subsidies, 25.1 programs, 57.3 inf ormation technology, 20.8 4
  • 5. Education Funding in ARRA: $115 Billion Teacher quality, 0.4 Impact aid, 0.1 Other, 0.25 Work study, 0.2 Vocational rehabiliation, 0.68 Education of homeless Education technology, 0.9 children, 0.07 Child care development, 2 Head Start, 2.1 Special education, 12.2 State aid for schools/critical needs, 53.6 Title 1, 13 Higher education tax credit, 13.9 5 Pell grants, 15.6
  • 6. Federal Stimulus Funding Mechanisms BY FORMULA: Federal agencies distribute funds to states/localities using pre-existing formulae (e.g., Medicaid, Highway infrastructure investment) BY COMPETITION: Federal agencies distribute FRPs and convene panels to evaluate applications (e.g., NIH, NSF, broadband program) BY DEMAND: Funding awarded to respond directly to demand from eligible individuals (e.g., premium subsidies for COBRA continuation coverage, Unemployment Insurance, Pell grants, Food Stamps/SNAP, small business loans) BY ONE-TIME AUTOMATIC DISBURSEMENTS: (e.g., $250 to Social Security, Veterans and Supplemental Security Income beneficiaries) BY FEDERAL AGENCY PLAN: Funding awarded according to federal agencies’ own operating/spending plans (e.g., environmental cleanup of nuclear waste sites, national park construction, defense/veterans infrastructure programs) 6 www.recovery.wa.gov/about.asp
  • 7. Help for State/Local Government/Non-Profits THE BIG CHECK. Close to $100B sent directly to states to help address budget gaps. Can supplant some needed state spending. EX: Increase in federal rate of reimbursement for Medicaid (~$87B); flexible funding for education & other public purposes through the State Fiscal Stabilization Fund ($8.8B) THE HELPING HAND. As much as $130B in formula funding that may supplement state spending EX: For education ($64B); for transportation/infrastructure ($40B) THE COOKIE JAR. Up to $100B in competitive grant opportunities EX: Education Incentive Grants ($5B); Energy Efficiency Grants ($3.2B) 7 C.Whatley, Understanding the Stimulus (Council of State Governments, 2009)
  • 8. Help for Individuals/Businesses TAX RELIEF FOR INDIVIDUALS/FAMILIES EX: Making Work Pay Tax Credit; Refundable First-Time Homebuyer Credit; increase in EITC, American Opportunity Education Tax Credit, expansion of Child Credit, temporary suspension of federal income tax on first $2,400 of UI benefits, extension of AMT relief for 2009; tax credits for energy-efficient improvements to existing homes TAX INCENTIVES FOR BUSINESSES EX: extend bonus depreciation, tax incentives to hire unemployed veterans and disconnected youth, 5-year carry-back of net operating losses for small businesses, enhanced small business expensing ECONOMIC RECOVERY & INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING TOOLS EX: new Recovery Zone Bonds, Qualified School Construction Bonds, “Build America” bonds INVESTMENTS IN RENEWABLE ENERGY EX: expansion of energy-related tax credits 8
  • 9. Federal Timeline 2/13/09: ARRA passed by US House/Senate 2/17/09: ARRA signed by President. www.recovery.gov goes live 2/19/09: Federal agencies start reporting formula block grant awards 3/3/09: Federal agencies start reporting use of funds 5/3/09: Federal agencies to make Performance Plans public and report on their allocations for entitlement programs 5/13/09: Detailed agency financial reports to be made publicly available 5/20/09: Federal agencies to begin reporting their competitive grants and contracts 7/15/09: Recipients of federal funds to begin reporting on their use of funds For other key dates see: www.staterecovery.org/Websites/staterecovery/Images/Appendix.pdf 9 www.recovery.gov
  • 10. Release of Federal Funds Is Purposefully Fast EX: HUD allocated ~75% of its $13.6B ARRA funding (i.e. $10.1B) within one week of the President signing ARRA. Remaining 25% is to be awarded later through competitive grants. HUD ARRA stimulus funding includes: Promoting Energy Efficiency/Creating Green Jobs • Public Housing Capital Program, $3B (CT=$37.5M) • Lead Hazard Reduction/Healthy Homes, $100M (CT=$7.6M) Supporting Shovel-Ready Projects/Assisted Housing Improvements • Tax Credit Assistance Program, $2.25B (CT=$26.2M) • Project-Based Rental Assistance, $2B (CT=$48.3M) Promoting Stable Communities/Helping Hard-Hit Families • Community Development Block Grant Program, $1B (CT=$11.1M) • Homelessness Prevention Fund, $1.5B (CT=17M) • FHA Loan Limits 10 www.hud.gov/recovery
  • 11. Accountability & Transparency The ARRA includes unprecedented requirements for accountability and transparency. President’s five objectives for federal agencies: • Award and distribute recovery funds in a prompt, fair, and reasonable manner • Ensure that the recipients and uses of all recovery funds are transparent to the public, and that the public benefits of these funds are reported clearly, accurately, and in a timely manner • Use recovery funds for authorized purposes; take every step needed to prevent instances of fraud, waste, error, and abuse • Ensure that projects funded under the recovery legislation avoid unnecessary delays and cost overruns • Require that programs meet specific goals and targets, and contribute to improved performance on broad economic indicators. 11
  • 12. Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT’s State & Local Governments State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Grant Programs (in millions) Medicaid $1,178 Drinking & 68 Highways & 302 Clean Water Bridges Fiscal 542 Weatherization 66 Transit Capital 105 Stabilization Grants Title I- Ed 95 State Energy 46 Rail 30 Program Modernization Special Ed 142 Housing 90 UI State 6 Administration Early Care 18 Public Safety 21 Dislocated 14 Workers Food 6 Workforce 16 Foster Care 15 Investment Act 12 Federal Funds Information for States, Budget Brief 09-04 (2/23/09)
  • 13. Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT: Medicaid FMAP Increase ARRA increases CT’s Federal Medicaid Assistance Percentage (FMAP) by: • ACROSS-THE-BOARD INCREASE: Increases each state’s FMAP rate by 6.2 percentage points. In CT, means federal reimbursement increases from 50% to 56.2%. • HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT BONUS: Increases state FMAP with bonus based on state’s quarterly unemployment rate relative to its base rate (the lowest 3-month average rate CT has experienced since 1/2006, i.e., 4.2%). If unemployment is 1.5- 2.5 percentage points over base, get 5.5% multiplier, if 2.5-3.5 percentage points get 8.5% multiplier, if more than 3.5 percentage points get 11.5% multiplier. CT’s new FMAP (est) = 60.2%. Results in $514.2M more federal funds in FY 2009 and $653.5M more in 2010/2011, for total of $1.178B more in federal reimbursements. 13
  • 14. Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT: State Fiscal Stabilization Fund Total of $53.6B in grants to Governors for state fiscal relief: a) $39.6B for local schools and higher education & b) $8.8B for public safety and other government services (that can include education-related spending). Allocations to states based 61% on state’s share of population age 5-24 and 39% on share of total population. Funds can be used in FY 2009, 2010 and 2011. Governor submits application to DOEd with required assurances, baseline data on assurances, and plan for how will use funds. State gets 2/3 of funds within two weeks of submitting application. Other 1/3 not paid until DOEd has approved the state's plan to comply with the law's assurances that states take steps to increase teacher quality, build better data systems, improve standards and assessments, and working to turn around failing schools. 50% of Title I and special education funds will be available by the end of March. Funds can be used to meet current state MOE requirements for special education and Elementary & Secondary Education Act. 14
  • 15. Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT: Education State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Education-Related Funding (in millions) Aid for $541.9 Head Start 4.7 Work-Study 2.3 schools (SFSF) Pell grants 170.9 Child Care 13.7 Education of 0.2 Development Homeless Block Grant Children Title I 95.5 Education 4.7 Independent 0.2 Technology Living Special 142.2 Vocational 3.3 Higher Ed Tax D Education Rehabilitation Credit 15 www.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/statetables/09arrastatetables.pdf
  • 16. Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT: Labor State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Labor-Related Funding (in millions) Education 4.4 Youthbuild C State 4.4 & Training C Employment Green Jobs Services Adult Training Job Corps C Education 11.1 High Growth & C UI Incentive 84 & Training Emerging Industry Payments Training Grants Youth Dislocated 13.5 Dislocated Worker C UI State Admin 6.0 Workers grants Comm. Svs 1.3 Work Opportunity D COBRA D older Am Tax Credit Continuation 16 www.dol.gov/PrinterFriendly/PrinterVersion.aspx?url=http://www.dol.gov/recovery/implement.htm; FFIS BB 09-04
  • 17. Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT: Environment & Energy State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Energy & Environment Funding (in millions) Drinking Water 19.5 Weatherization 65.8 Transportation C SRF Electrification Grants Clean Water 48.4 State Energy 46.0 Energy- D SRF Program Efficient Appliance Rebate Brownfields C Energy 32.2 Smart Grid C Projects Efficiency & & C Investment Conservation Program Block Grants Diesel Emission C Adv. Battery C Altern Fueled C Grants Mfg Grants Vehicles 17
  • 18. Millions of Dollars Are at Stake for CT: Health/Nutrition State Allocations for Some of the ARRA Health/Nutrition Funding (in millions) Medicaid Immunization 4.2 Supplemental 152 Nutrition FMAP Increase 1,178 Assistance DSH 9.9 Program Community $3.7 & Transitional D Food Stamp 2.5 Health Centers C Medical Admin Infrastructure & Assistance Services Extension Health C WIC 32.2 School Lunch 0.9 Information Equipment Technology Medicaid HIT- D Emergency 1.1 Elderly 0.8 Related Funding Food/Shelter Nutrition 18
  • 19. Millions More Can Be Claimed by CT Taxpayers Making Work Pay Tax Credit: Estimated 1.3 million CT taxpayers can benefit, claiming $1.36 billion in refundable credits Expanded Child Tax Credit: Estimated 116,000 CT children can benefit, claiming $52 million in benefits from expanded credits American Opportunity Tax Credit (for higher education expenses): Estimated 30,000 CT low-income college students will benefit 19
  • 20. CT’s Implementation of ARRA 2/11/09: Gov. Rell convenes 21-person CT Recovery Working Group to determine “shovel ready” projects to be funded (www.ct.gov/recovery/lib/recovery/Purposed_Stimulus_Projects.pdf) 2/27/09: Gov. Rell sends required certification to OMB that CT “will request and accept funds” provided by the ARRA and “use such funds to create jobs and promote economic growth in a manner that is in the best interests of the taxpayers of the State of Connecticut.” Gov. Rell establishes Stimulus Expediting Group to help cities/towns and organizations that receive stimulus funds with any impediments/concerns with their projects (e.g., permits). 3/6/09: CT Recovery Initiative Website launched (www.recovery.ct.gov) to be “clearinghouse” for: soliciting funding requests and submitting projects; tracking deadlines and “progress of stimulus-funded projects;” latest news on the stimulus in CT; e-alerts, etc. 20
  • 21. THE AMERICAN RECOVERY AND REINVESTMENT ACT’S CHALLENGES FOR CONNECTICUT
  • 22. I. Conditions Are Attached to Some Stimulus Funds CT Should Ensure It Complies EX: To claim State Fiscal Stabilization Fund funds, CT must: maintain state support for K-12 and public higher education in FY 09-FY 11 at least at the level of FY 06; achieve equity in distribution of highly qualified teachers; establish a P-16 longitudinal data system; enhance the quality of educational assessments for English Language Learners and students with disabilities; and ensure compliance with corrective actions required for low-performing schools. EX: Enhanced federal reimbursements for Medicaid are provided only if: the state maintains the same eligibility standards as on July 1, 2008; the state reports on its compliance with Medicaid’s “prompt provider payment” requirements; none of the additional funds are put into a rainy day fund. EX: State Energy Program grants conditioned on state certification that public utility commission will implement policies to ensure state-regulated electric and gas utilities have appropriate incentives to reduce energy use and state building codes meet conservation/efficiency standards 22
  • 23. II. Some Stimulus Funds May Only Supplement, Not Supplant – Current State Funding EX: CT can receive additional Child Care Development Block Grant funds but only if the funds are used to supplement state General Fund spending on child care assistance & quality improvements for low-income families, not supplant it. EX: New federal funds under ARRA for the Public Housing Capital Fund must supplement, not supplant, spending from other federal, state, and local sources independently generated by the public housing agency. EX: For various of ARRA’s transportation funding sections, the state must comply with maintenance of effort requirements. The Governor must provide to the US DOT a statement showing the amount of funds the state planned to spend from state sources as 2/17/09 (the date the ARRA was enacted) through 9/30/2010 for the types of projects to be funded (e.g., highways, high speed rail/intercity passenger rail, grants for airports, capital investment grants etc.). If the state cannot maintain its certified level of effort, it is restricted in getting additional federal funding. 23
  • 24. III. Changes in Current State Law Are Needed to Take Advantage of Some of ARRA’s Incentive Payments EX: ARRA’s Unemployment Insurance Provisions: • Increases UI benefits by $25/week increase (at wholly federal expense) • Extends Temporary Emergency Unemployment Compensation program through 1209 (not 3/09), providing more weeks of benefits • Waives until 12/31/10 the accrual of interest and interest payments on loans to states from the Federal Unemployment Account • Increases federal funding for state UI administration and picks up with federal funds all costs of Extended Benefits program for workers who exhaust UI in 2009 (so states don’t have to pay their share). ARRA also provides incentive payments for state UI reforms. CT already eligible for ~$28M (1/3 of incentive) because has Alternative Base Period in state law. CT can receive ~$56M more (2/3) if makes one minor change to UI state law regarding qualifying compelling family reasons for leaving work -- to include spouse relocation (in addition to domestic violence & illness/disability) 24
  • 25. IV. Responding to ARRA’s Competitive Grant Opportunities Requires Enhanced Capacity EX: Education Incentive Grants. Of the amount appropriated for the State Fiscal Stabilization Fund, the US Department of Education will use: • At least $4.35 billion to make competitive grants under the quot;Race to the Topquot; fund. GOAL: To help states to drive significant improvement in student achievement • Up to $650 million to make competitive awards under the quot;Invest in What Works and Innovationquot; Fund. GOAL: Reward LEAs, schools, non-profits that have made significant gains in closing achievement gaps to serve as models for best practices. 25
  • 26. V. Other Challenges • Unless CT residents/non-profits know of the ARRA provisions benefiting them, they’re unlikely to take advantage of them. Education and outreach efforts are needed. • Because ARRA funding is time-limited, care must be taken to not further exacerbate CT’s structural deficit. • Complying with ARRA’s transparency & accountability provisions imposes additional responsibilities on beneficiaries. • The capacity of state/local government to respond aggressively and competently to ARRA is undermined by other state budget-related challenges. Others can help, and should. 26
  • 27. I’m reminded of words President Kennedy spoke in another time of uncertainty. quot;Do not pray for easy lives. Pray to be stronger men. Do not pray for tasks equal to your powers. Pray for powers equal to your tasks.quot; America, we will prove equal to this task. It will take time, and it will take effort, but working together, we will turn this crisis into opportunity and emerge from our painful present into a brighter future. President Barack Obama (2/14/09) 27
  • 28. For more information: Shelley Geballe, JD, MPH, Distinguished Senior Fellow CT Voices for Children 33 Whitney Avenue, New Haven CT Shelley.Geballe@yale.edu 203-530-8599 CT Voices’ Federal Stimulus Webpage http://www.ctkidslink.org/federalstimulus.html CT Voices’ State Budget Webpage http://www.ctkidslink.org/announcement_83.html To sign up for state budget alerts, e-mail msullivan@ctkidslink.org 28