2. OUTLINE The Educational “Climate” and School Effectiveness Reproduction theory The social control function of the hidden curriculum The Open Systems Approach and the Informal System
17. The Definition of “Climate” “ Climate refers to a general social condition that characterizes a group, organization, or community, such as the general opinion in a community” ( Brookover, Erickson, and McEvoy, 1996)
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19. What is “The Value Climate”? Each major research project concerned with the value climate has include slightly different research questions, variables, methods, and settings, resulting in conclusions that are often diverse and even contradictory.
21. Schools teach more than reading, writing, and arithmetic. Both the formal and informal organization include lessons in values and morals. (Philip Jackson 1993)
22. Moral education came in other forms, such as: Rituals and ceremonies in schools Some moral messages were not taught, but absorbed as part of the educational environment. And so on…