This document discusses motivational factors in learning. It defines motivation as what causes us to act and maintain goal-oriented behaviors. Motivation involves three factors: activation to initiate a behavior, persistence to continue efforts despite obstacles, and intensity in concentration and effort. Motivational theories discussed include instincts, drives/needs, and arousal levels. Factors influencing student motivation are listed as knowledge in the subject area, beliefs about expectations, self-concept, anxiety over grades, classroom support, task difficulty/challenge, social interaction, and belief in usefulness of learning. Strategies to manage motivation are also outlined.
2. • defined as the process
that initiates, guides,
and maintains goal-
oriented behaviors.
• what causes us to act
3. 1. Activation - involves the decision to
initiate a behavior
2. Persistence - is the continued effort
toward a goal even though obstacles may
exist.
3. Intensity - can be seen in the
concentration and vigor that goes into
pursuing a goal
4. Instincts - suggests that behaviors are
motivated by instincts, which are fixed and
inborn patterns of behavior.
Drives and Needs - suggests that people have
basic biological drives and that our behaviors
are motivated by the need to fulfill these
drives.
Arousal Levels - suggests that people are
motivated to engage in behaviors that help
them maintain their optimal level of arousal.
5. Knowledge in a particular content area
Beliefs about what the teacher expects
Adolescents’ self concept or perceived
personal ability
Anxiety and concern over grades
Level of support in the classroom
environment
Difficulty and challenges of the task
Social interaction
Belief that learning is useful, meaningful and
of consequence of others
6. Manage the environment
Manage our own thoughts
Set goals
Maintain a healthy lifestyle
Make commitment
Monitor our behavior
Manage stress
Manage rewards
7. Intrinsic Motivation Extrinsic Motivation
-Comes from within
-Comes from
pleasure provided
by the work itself
-Comes from the pleasure
of a reward
-based on the external
reward: it comes from
outside us.
Other types of motivation
Conscious Motivation - deals with the awareness of such
motivation.
Unconscious Motivation – not aware of such motivation