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Channel Institutions
A retailer purchases
goods or products in
large quantities
from manufacturers
directly or through a
wholesale, and then
sells smaller quantities
to the shoppers for a
profit.
Developing Private Brands
Understanding Individual Shopper
Understanding Individual Shopper
Developing countries
becoming more attractive
for Global retailers than
developed countries.Wal
Mart, Carrefour,TESCO &
Metro saw double growth
in developing vs.
developed countries.
Key For Retail Understanding
Understanding Factors of Profitability
Gross
Margin
Operating
Expenses
Operating
Income
RETURN ON NET ASSETS
Indicates how profitable a company
is relative to its net assets.
Inventory
Fixed
Assets
Net
Assets
DIVIDED BY
Gross
Margin
Operating
Expenses
Operating
Income
Critical first step to profitability.
Inventory
Fixed
Assets
Net
Assets
DIVIDED BY
Category
Mix
Merchandising
New
Non Store
Business
Comparable
Store
Sales
New
Stores
In the broadest
sense, merchandising is any
practice which contributes to
the sale of products to a retail
consumer. At a retail in-store
level, merchandising refers to
the variety of products
available for sale and the
display of those products in
such a way that it stimulates
interest and entices customers
to make a purchase.
Retailer Creates Mixes of Wants & Needs along with
Aspirations – Result Increased Basket Size
Motivating more shoppers to
buy more, more often
Retailers use brands to drive traffic in the outlet
Private Label is tactic to drive margin
Loss leaders used to drive traffic
Ultimate mix of traffic drivers and money makers
in a bigger basket
Location
Understanding Local
Community
Purchase vs. lease option
Membership Area
Pharmacy
Financial services allowing cash
withdrawals,transfer of
payment of utilities etc
 Sales growth is not enough with the leading
retailers
 New way is to think about growth from a
financial perspective
 Increase ROI on new store opening
 Traffic drive BTL activities are most valuable
 Not all the retailers have same needs
 Gross margin is critical first step towards
profitability
Gross
Margin
Operating
Expenses
Operating
Income
RETURN ON NET ASSETS
Indicates how profitable a company
is relative to its net assets.
Inventory
Fixed
Assets
Net
Assets
DIVIDED BY
Labor
Distribution
Centers
Factors Impacting Operating Expenses
Fast & Efficient Front End Service
A close check of pilferage and theft by
the labor
Company merchandising team
(Displaying and managing product on
shelves for the retailer)
Single biggest operating
expense
High Efficient inventory picking is the key
Pallets for bulk and efficiency
On Time delivery to retailers and preferred
offloading by the retailer for the company is
important for both stakeholders
Gross
Margin
Operating
Expenses
Operating
Income
RETURN ON NET ASSETS
Indicates how profitable a company
is relative to its net assets.
Inventory
Fixed
Assets
Net
Assets
DIVIDED BY
Gross Inventory
• Value of inventory that the retailer has
on hand
Net Inventory
• Portion of inventory that retailer
actually owns (i.e. less trade payables)
Two types Of Inventory
Always refer to Net Inventory when
communicating with retailers
Retailers are trying to reduce inventory size in the back room
Suppliers need to balance their will to push vs. the actual
inventory required for satisfactory service levels
Modern Traders charge suppliers for out of stock
on shelf so suppliers needs to be cautious
Challenge Maximize in stocks while
minimizing inventory, sell more with less
Measure of speed at which
inventory moves through the
stores
Suppliers need to improve their
promotional planning and forecasting,
don’t push stock & understand customers
inventory management strategy
Gross
Margin
Operating
Expenses
Operating
Income
RETURN ON NET ASSETS
Indicates how profitable a company
is relative to its net assets.
Inventory
Fixed
Assets
Net
Assets
DIVIDED BY
Invest in warehouse, software updates, new
stores and remodeling etc
Investing today for future
revenues
Retailers will manage stores by
Reducing number of assets in store e.g. freezers,
fixtures
Expanding formats
Maximizing store space (departmental concepts etc)
Retailing

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Retailing