Over-the-air (OTA) updates and the Connected car
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This document discusses the challenges of over-the-air (OTA) updates for connected cars. It notes that while OTA updates are common for mobile devices, they are more complex for cars which have over 100 electronic control units (ECUs) from multiple vendors and evolving software. An OTA platform is proposed to intelligently manage updates across this heterogeneous environment through features like adaptive delta compression, a message bus, and support for various vehicle networks and file formats. The platform aims to standardize OTA updates for cars in a way that is scalable, secure, and handles the large sizes and dependencies between vehicle software components.
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Over-the-air (OTA) updates and the Connected car
- 1. The Over-The-Air update for the Connected Car Pratik Desai, PhD Lead Scientist & Architect Movimento Inc. @chheplo
- 2. 100+ year old industry Focused on optimizing the manufacturing process Highly regulated 90M cars a year Automotive Industry is not built like the Software Industry
- 4. @chheplo
- 5. Whose Software will eat the Automotive world? @chheplo • Agile • Platform Centric • Open-source • Developer friendly • Waterfall • Hardware driven • Cost Effective • Closed Silicon Valley or Detroit
- 7. OTA Drivers • Consumer expectations • Cars and electronics lifespan • In-vehicle apps and updates Software Complexity Cybersecurity Impact of Mobile • Integration and validation • New feature update • Module interdependencies and variances • Vehicle vulnerability/hacking • Regulatory requirements • Safety
- 8. OTA Advantages SavingsRecall avoidance • Software updates • Safety and security • Release cycle • Customer satisfaction • New features • Extended product lifespan UPDATES RECALLS FEATURES
- 9. @chheplo Google Releases new Android version Chipset manufacturer for Drivers and Optimization Phone manufacturer Phone manufacturer Phone manufacturer Carrier customization Carrier customization Carrier customization Carrier customization Carrier customization Testing, Validation by Google OTA server platform To Download While OTA updates for Mobile Industry is comparatively a simple problem,
- 10. @chheplo Image courtesy: Automotive News Europe
- 11. @chheplo 100M CAR 100+ ECUs Different hardware architecture Different computation and storage capability Ever increasing Software complexity 100+ ECU Multiple Firmware versions Per Firmware dependencies Inter-module dependencies 100+ Vendor Different software development cycle Increasing system complexity More independent software suppliers Organization structure not suitable to run SW development 100M+ line of code No central repository Missing Vehicle knowledge Management Missing Dependency resolver mechanism 99 Problems
- 12. … Binary files for ECUs or other firmware updates Maps data for onboard navigation Music, photos, videos and user generated content Operating systems, applications and software packages Other updates • Updates are fundamentally different in terms of content and size • Receiving units are heterogeneous in terms of available resources One delta-compression technique cannot provide an optimal solution across all updates Type of updates
- 13. Message Engine Operation Engine Analytical EngineIntelligent Engine Message Handler Connection Management Vehicle Management Software Management Reporting Transformation Resolver Scheduler Message Bus OTA Platform Relational Database NoSQL Database Manager
- 14. • Persistence management of user, roles, campaigns, vehicles, components and software packages. • Scalable, distributed infrastructure to support high availability and high volume. • User friendly interface, operation flow, reporting and visualization. • Intelligent context resolver for vehicle, component and software packages. • Multilevel security and layered authentication support. • Extensive API support and modular platform architecture. • Adaptive Delta Compression. • Supports OMA DM 2.0 • Big Data analytics ready. @chheplo OTA Server features
- 15. • Agnostic to hardware and CPU • Runs on multiple OSes through POSIX compliance • Development Guidelines adherence – MISRA C/C++ • Provides internal/external vehicle security framework • Supports standard OBD (J1939-73, ISO 14229, ISO15765, …) and proprietary OEM diagnostics • Supports Self Update and Multiple External Module Updates through common business logic • Supports native flash file formats • Supports multiple vehicle networks (CAN, LIN, FlexRay, AutoIP, ...) • Support Rollback and recovery @chheplo OTA Client features
- 16. • Adaptive Delta Compression methodology selects compression tool according to Automaker’s requirements among, • Parameters can be customized according to requirements and adjusted to hardware resources on the client-side • Standardized technologies ensures no proprietary vendor lock-in or licensing File size and bandwidth Time to generate and reconstruct Priority of update Adaptive Delta Compression Methodology