this file for topic 9 in construction technology 2 for student diploma in quantity surveyors semester 2...

1. FINISHING WORKS
•Floor Finishes
•Wall Finishes
•Ceiling Finishes

2. Floor Finishes
Factor efecting the choosen of floor finishes
• Type of base
• Room usage
• Degree of comfort required (Sound Control,
freedom from slippenness, Warmth)
• Maintenance (clearing, repairing)
• Cost
• Appearance
• Safety
• Individual preferance

3. Floor Finishes
Floor finishes can be considered under
three main heading
• Insitu Floor Finishes
• Applied Floor Finishes
• Timber Floor Finishes

4. Floor Finishes
Insitu Floor Finishes
• Finishes which mix on site
•Laid in fluid, allowed to dry and set to hard
surface
•Several type of in-situ floor finishes
- Mastic Asphalt
- Pitch Mastic
- Granolithic
- Cement rendering

5. Floor Finishes
Applied Floor Finishes
• Finishes which are supplied in tiles or sheet form
• Laid on to suitable prepared base
• normally in the form of flexible materials and
smooth finish
• Laying in a cement/sand bed/screed to the
concrete floor
•Normal screed mix is 1:3 (cement:sand)
•Normal screed thickness is 12mm to 19mm

6. Floor Finishes
Applied Floor Finishes (cont’d)
• very high resistance to chemicals
• Harder and more resistance to erosion
• standard size 150mmx150mm, 200mmx200mm,
300mmx300mm
•Thickness 8.5mm to 13mm
•Method of laying
– Lay a layer of cement/sand screed (1:3)
–Lay the tiles on the screed from the center of the room
–Allow at least 2mm joint

7. Floor Finishes
Applied Floor Finishes (cont’d)
• several types of applied floor finishes
– Ceramic tiles
– Mosaic
– Marble
– Quarry tiles
– Carpet
– PVC tiles (no need cement screed)

8. Floor Finishes
Applied Floor Finishes (cont’d)
floor tiles installation skirting

9. Floor Finishes
Timber Floor Finishes
• Finishes which are supplied in timber form
•Laid on to suitable prepared base
•Several type of Timber Floor Finishes
Timber strip
Parquet

10. Wall Finishes
Factor efecting the choosen of wall finishes
• Room usage
• Degree of comfort required (Sound Control,
thermal insulation)
• Maintenance (clearing, repairing)
• Cost
• Suitability of decoration
• Fire protection

11. Wall Finishes
Type of Wall Finishes
• Plastering
• Painting
• Tiling

12. Wall Finishes
Plastering
• give jointless, hygienic, easyly decorated and
usually smmoth surface on background
• Material of plastering consist of
– binding materials
– workability agents
– aggregate
– water
–Ancillary materials

13. Wall Finishes
Plastering
• Type of background for plastering work
– Claybrick
– blockwork
– concrete
– boards

14. Wall Finishes
Plastering
• Mixture of plaster should be in a clean plastic
and using clean water only.
• common mix used for plastering works is 1:1:6
(cement : lime: sand) or 1:3 (cement : sand)
• Normal thickness of plastering 12mm-16mm

15. Wall Finishes
Painting
• The application to surfaces of pigmented liquids
or semi liquids which subsequantly harden
• Paint
– is the mixture of a liquid or medium and colouring or
pigment
–Comprised of primer, undercoats and finishing coats

16. Wall Finishes
Painting
• Application of paint
– surface to be painted shall be dry, free from dirt, oil,
grease, old loose paint etc
– All cracks shall be raked out and stopped
– All holes and dirt shall be fillet
– Painting work should be done by the skilled worker
– Make sure the rooms are in good ventilation and dry
– Application may be by brush, roller or sprays

17. Wall Finishes
Painting
• Application of paint to timber surface
– All knots shall be cover with knotting
– All nail holes, cracks shal be stopped with putty
– Surface shall be primed with aluminium wood primer
– The prepared surface shall be painted with one
undercoat
– Then finish with two coats of gloss enamel paint
– Each coat shall be allowed to dry and rubbed lightly
with sand paper and clean before applying the next
coats

18. Wall Finishes
Painting
• Application of paint to steel or iron surface
– Surface should be clean and free from rush,
oil,grease, dirt and dust
– Apply one undercoat and two coats of gloss enamel
paint

19. Wall Finishes
Painting
• Application of paint to new plastered surface
– new plastered surface shall be allowed to dry
completely
– shall be clean and remove dust, dirt, plaster splash
– The clean surface shall be applied with the one coat
of alkali resisting primer sealer
–Then followed with two coats of emulsion paint

20. Wall Finishes
Painting
• Repainting to existing plastered surface
– If the existing paintwork is still infact, the surface shall
be washeddown and applied with two coats of emulsion
paint
– If the esisting paintwork is loose or chalky, the paint
shall be remove by scraping and the surface shall be
wash
– The clean surface shall be applied with one coat
approved alkali resisting primer sealer and two coat of
emultion paint.

21. Wall Finishes
Tiling
• Basicly the wall tilling works is same to the floor
tiling works

22. Ceiling Finishes
• The overhead interior surfaces or living of a room
• Often concealing underside of the floor or roof
above
• It can construct either below pitch roof or flat roof
and either horizontally or follow the pitch of the roof
• there are 3 system of ceiling finishes can be
construct
– Exposed ceiling
– Fixed ceiling
– Suspended ceiling

23. Ceiling Finishes
• The factor to be considered in the selection of
ceiling system
– Type of floor structure
– Appearance
– Durability
–Safety to occupants
– The location of mechanical services/equipment
–Fire resistance
– Economy
– Life span
–Function of the building
–Need for acustic elements

24. Ceiling Finishes
Exposed Ceiling
• A simple ceiling finishes construction
• no ceiling sheet required
• Apply plastering and painting to the exposed
surface of a floor structure or a flat roof

25. Ceiling Finishes
Fixed Ceiling
• Can be construct either horizontallyor follow the
pitch of the roof
• Fixed to ceiling joist and ceiling spacer (nogging)
• The joint between the ceiling panels are covered
and finished with timber beading or aluminium
strips.
• The construction of ceiling structure is similar to
floor structure

26. Ceiling Finishes
Fixed Ceiling
• Normal size of joist 100mm x 50mm at 1200mm
or 600mm center to center (spacing)
• Normal size of spacer 50mm x 50mm at 600mm
center to center (spacing)

27. Ceiling Finishes
Suspended Ceiling
• Ceiling are fixed to a framework suspended from
the main structure thus forming void between the
2 component.
•System comprised of galvanised steel/aluminium
structure or frame are suspended with wire hanger
to the floor or roof structure above it
• cross section of frame I or H or T section
• The main joist is fixed to adjustable hanger
which nailed or screwed to the suspended
concrete floor (max distance :600mm)

28. Ceiling Finishes
Suspended Ceiling
• Cross joist are fixed across the main joist
• The spacing o ceiling frame/structure are
depends on the size of the ceiling panel
• The ceiling panel are screwed to the ceiling
frame

29. Ceiling Finishes
Suspended Ceiling

30. Ceiling Finishes
Suspended Ceiling
• Basic functional requirement of suspended
ceiling are
– Easy to construct, repair, maintain and clean
– Access to hidden se services ducts in ceiling void
– minimize weight
–Provide sound and thermal insulation
– Asthetic colour, texture shape etc