This Template is created for helping the quality or continuous improvement professionals to generate a step by step problem solving report, which include the guidance on each steps in a 8D process, also include the templates of popular quality tools such as 5-Why and Fishbone Diagram. 想学习六西格玛？可以看看ucourse.org的网上课程。 http://ucourse.org/ssgb

1. 8D REPORT
A Step by Step Problem Solving Process
Written by: Siu Wai Au
ASQ CSSBB, CQA, CMQ/OE, LBC-Sensei, PMP
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2. DOCUMENTATIONDOCUMENTATION
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Document Detail
Case Number:
Case Title:
Opened Date:
Prepared by:
Reviewed by:
Closed Date:
Verified by:
Approved by:

3. D1: Team Formation 建立團隊
D2: Problem Description 問題描述
D3: Immediate Action 即時行動
D4: Root Cause Analysis 原因分析
D5: Corrective Action 糾正行動
D6: Implement and Validate 執行及驗證
D7: Prevention 預防措施
D8: Closure 總結
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TABLE OF CONTENTTABLE OF CONTENT

4.  Name 1, Process Engineer, Leader
 Name 2, Project Manager
 Name 3, Electrical Engineer
 Name 4, Electrical Engineer
 Name 5, Quality Engineer
 Name 6 , Production Officer
A cross-functional team shall be formed in order to tackle the problem, the team should include
subject matter expert (who has relevant process knowledge), as well as the people who familiar with
the problem solving tools.
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D1: TEAM FORMATIOND1: TEAM FORMATION 建立建立 團隊團隊

5. DateDate
發生日期發生日期
LocationLocation
發生地點發生地點 // 場所場所
ProcessProcess
制程制程
CustomerCustomer
客戶客戶
Product P/NProduct P/N
品產品產
Failure RateFailure Rate
不良率不良率
OwnerOwner
責任人責任人
Problem StatementProblem Statement
問題陳述問題陳述
ImpactImpact
影响影响
Specify the problem by identifying in quantifiable terms the who, what, where, when, why, how, and how many
(5W2H) for the problem.
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D2: PROBLEMD2: PROBLEM DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION 問題描述問題描述

6. D2: PROBLEM DESCRIPTIOND2: PROBLEM DESCRIPTION 問題描述問題描述
Illustrate the problem with Defects Pictures / Flow Chart / Process Mapping / Pareto Chart
according to its nature.
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7. D3D3
D3 Guideline
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Risk AssessmentRisk AssessmentRisk AssessmentRisk Assessment
Understanding of
the Problem
Defective Rate
Stop Ship / Stop Build
Decision
Containment Action(s)
Immediate Actions
Traceability Data

8. AffectedAffected
P/NP/N
Stop ShipStop Ship DateDate
ResumeResume
DateDate
Stop BuildStop Build DateDate
Resume
Date
D3: IMMEDIATE ACTIOND3: IMMEDIATE ACTION 即時行動即時行動
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Stop Build / Stop Ship
Decide whether stop ship / stop build is required

9. WhereWhere How ManyHow Many DefectivesDefectives What to doWhat to do WhenWhen
WIP - Shop Floor
FG - Store
Materials - Store
Hubs/ In Transit
Field
End Customer
D3: IMMEDIATE ACTIOND3: IMMEDIATE ACTION 即時行動即時行動
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Containment Actions
To prevent these problem / defectives from reaching the customer.

10. D4D4
D4 Guideline
5-Why5-Why
Cause & Effect DiagramCause & Effect Diagram
Pareto ChartPareto Chart
IPO AnalysisIPO Analysis
FMEAFMEA
Fault Tree AnalysisFault Tree Analysis
Statistical MethodStatistical Method
5-Why5-Why
Cause & Effect DiagramCause & Effect Diagram
Pareto ChartPareto Chart
IPO AnalysisIPO Analysis
FMEAFMEA
Fault Tree AnalysisFault Tree Analysis
Statistical MethodStatistical Method
Team Knowledge
Process Mapping
Process Parameter
Detection Cause(s)
Systemic Cause(s)
Direct Root Cause(s)
Root Causes Analysis
(RCA)
Traceability Data
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11. D4 Guideline
Definition
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12. D4: ROOT CAUSE ANALYSISD4: ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS 根本原因分析根本原因分析
5-Why Analysis 五次為甚麼
Drilling down into a problem, digging out the root cause
WHY?
WHY?
WHY?
WHY?
Cause of the Problem
Cause of the 1st
Cause
Cause of the 2nd
Cause
Cause of the 3rd
Cause
Cause of the 4th
Cause
ProblemProblem
WHY?
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13. D4: ROOT CAUSE ANALYSISD4: ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS 根本原因分析根本原因分析
Cause & Effect Diagram 因果圖
Brainstorm all the possible causes of the problem, circle the critical & controllable items
ManMan
MaterialMaterialMeasureMeasure
PROBLEMPROBLEM
MethodMethod
MachineMachineEnvironmentEnvironment
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14. Input Process Output
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Input-Process-Output (IPO) Analysis
Identify all possible causes of the problem by listing all the input parameters throughout the processes
D4: ROOT CAUSE ANALYSISD4: ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS 根本原因分析根本原因分析

15. D4: ROOT CAUSE ANALYSISD4: ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS 根本原因分析根本原因分析
TypeType Item#Item# Root CausesRoot Causes
Root Cause
(Failure Mode)
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Detection 3
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Systemic 5
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Conclusion of RCA

16. D5D5
D5 Guideline
BrainstormingBrainstorming
Benefit-Effort MatrixBenefit-Effort Matrix
Mistake-ProofingMistake-Proofing
Error-ProofingError-Proofing
ChecklistChecklist
BrainstormingBrainstorming
Benefit-Effort MatrixBenefit-Effort Matrix
Mistake-ProofingMistake-Proofing
Error-ProofingError-Proofing
ChecklistChecklistDetection Cause(s)
Direct Root Cause(s)
Generation of Corrective Actions
Corrective Actions
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17. D5: CORRECTIVE ACTIOND5: CORRECTIVE ACTION 糾正行動糾正行動
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Benefit-Effort Matrix
Brainstorm all the possible SOLUTIONS, select the best solution(s) base on the cost-effectiveness.
BENEFIT
EFFORT
• werwe
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• ewrew
• erwe
• 2fedv
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18. D5: CORRECTIVE ACTIOND5: CORRECTIVE ACTION 糾正行動糾正行動
Base on the root causes identified, list the corrective actions that are able to eliminate the root
causes permanently. The corrective actions must be feasible and cost-effective.
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Root
Cause #
Corrective Action(s) % Effect
Est. Completion
Date
Owner
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19. D6D6
D6 Guideline
Hypothesis TestsHypothesis Tests
Data Collection FormsData Collection Forms
Hypothesis TestsHypothesis Tests
Data Collection FormsData Collection Forms
Sampling Method
Deployed Corrective
Actions
Implement & Validation Process
Validated Corrective
Actions
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New Process
Sample Size
Acceptance Criteria
Results

20. D6: IMPLEMENT & VALIDATED6: IMPLEMENT & VALIDATE 執行及驗證執行及驗證
After the corrective actions are implemented, verify the result to determine the effectiveness of the
actions taken.
SamplingSampling
MethodMethod
Sample SizeSample Size CriteriaCriteria
Est.Est.
CompletionCompletion
DateDate
ResultResult Criteria Met?Criteria Met?
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21. D7: PREVETION 預防措施D7D7
D7 Guideline
BrainstormingBrainstorming
Benefit-Effort MatrixBenefit-Effort Matrix
Mistake-ProofingMistake-Proofing
Error-ProofingError-Proofing
ChecklistChecklist
Control ChartsControl Charts
FMEAFMEA
Control PlanControl Plan
BrainstormingBrainstorming
Benefit-Effort MatrixBenefit-Effort Matrix
Mistake-ProofingMistake-Proofing
Error-ProofingError-Proofing
ChecklistChecklist
Control ChartsControl Charts
FMEAFMEA
Control PlanControl Plan
Systemic Causes
Weakness of
Management System
Preventive Actions
Control Plan
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New Procedure /
Policies
History of Similar
Cases
Corrective Actions

22. D7: PREVETIOND7: PREVETION 預防措施預防措施
If there are systemic cause identified, modification of the management systems, operation systems,
practices, MI, and procedures might required to prevent recurrence of this and all similar problems.
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RootRoot
Cause #Cause #
Preventive ActionsPreventive Actions % Effect% Effect
Est. CompletionEst. Completion
DateDate
OwnerOwner

23. D8: CLOSURED8: CLOSURE 總結總結
State the conclusion, why the project can be closed like what are the objectives achieved, what is gained
and in what extent, give your lesson learned, and explore the possibility of horizontal deployment.
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ATTACHMENTATTACHMENT