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Cold War Flashpoints - Cuba: events during the crisis

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In September 1962, US surveillance discovered nuclear missile sites being built in Cuba, leading to a major crisis. President Kennedy imposed a quarantine on Cuba to stop Soviet shipments and demanded the missiles be removed. Tensions escalated as ships were stopped and military forces took aggressive actions. Both the US and USSR brought their nuclear weapons to ready launch status and their leaders nearly authorized attacks in the heat of the moment. Fortunately, the Soviet Union backed down and turned their ships around, and secret agreements resulted in the removal of missiles from Cuba and also from Turkey and Italy.

Education
1 of 8
In September 1962, US surveillance flights over Cuba discovered the building of nuclear missile sites, leading to a major crisis.
The USA had two main options to stop the USSR: 1) Bomb the military bases on Cuba 2) Quarantine Cuba (stop Soviet ships landing) Either choice could result in nuclear war.
President Kennedy made a television address to the American people, telling them of the missiles and demanding the Soviets remove them. Soviet publicity attacked the USA for “piracy” and said they would not give in to US demands.
The USA imposed a quarantine, stopping Soviet ships going to Cuba. Tensions were high between the two sides. The Soviets shot down a US U-2 spy plane. The US Navy dropped depth charges on USSR submarines.
Each country had its nuclear weapons on standby. The US President John F Kennedy considered launching an attack, as did the Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev. They both came within minutes of doing so.
Fortunately Soviet backed down and turned the ships around. The USA had won a public relations victory. The USA agreed not to invade Cuba and also a secret deal to remove nuclear weapons from Turkey and Italy.
Both sides had been shocked by how close they came to nuclear war. After the Crisis they set up a ‘hotline’ between Washington and Moscow so leaders could talk direct. Also in 1963 they agreed a Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.

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Cold War Flashpoints - Cuba: events during the crisis

  • 1.
  • 2. In September 1962, US surveillance flights over Cuba discovered the building of nuclear missile sites, leading to a major crisis.
  • 3. The USA had two main options to stop the USSR: 1) Bomb the military bases on Cuba 2) Quarantine Cuba (stop Soviet ships landing) Either choice could result in nuclear war.
  • 4. President Kennedy made a television address to the American people, telling them of the missiles and demanding the Soviets remove them. Soviet publicity attacked the USA for “piracy” and said they would not give in to US demands.
  • 5. The USA imposed a quarantine, stopping Soviet ships going to Cuba. Tensions were high between the two sides. The Soviets shot down a US U-2 spy plane. The US Navy dropped depth charges on USSR submarines.
  • 6. Each country had its nuclear weapons on standby. The US President John F Kennedy considered launching an attack, as did the Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev. They both came within minutes of doing so.
  • 7. Fortunately Soviet backed down and turned the ships around. The USA had won a public relations victory. The USA agreed not to invade Cuba and also a secret deal to remove nuclear weapons from Turkey and Italy.
  • 8. Both sides had been shocked by how close they came to nuclear war. After the Crisis they set up a ‘hotline’ between Washington and Moscow so leaders could talk direct. Also in 1963 they agreed a Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.