1.
The Ramani Huria Experience:
Participatory Community Mapping of
Urban Neighborhoods:
www.ramanihuria.org
Msilikale Msilanga
@msilikale05
mmsilanga@worldbank.org

2.
Outline
• Objective
• History
• Tandale
• Ramani Huria
• Background
• Methodology
• Lesson learned and recommendations
2

3.
• Objective of this presentation:
• Share the Ramani Huria
experience of Dar es salaam
• Compare mapping
methodologies
• Work towards optimising
approaches for Mozambique
Introduction
3

4.
Challenges Facing Dar es Salaam
• Rapid urbanization and unplanned growth
• Fastest growing city in Africa
• Informal settlements (~80% of the city)
• Lack of access to basic services
• Traffic congestion
• Increased risk to hazards, such as flooding
4

5.
Factors Contributing to Neighborhood Vulnerability
• Waterways constricted
• Severe seasonal flooding• Improper solid waste disposal
5

6.
Why map urban neighborhoods?
Identify the issues available – Flooding
Capture information (data) using
simple tools and easy ways
Better decision making due to
availability of information.
6

7.
A Short History of Community Mapping
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
MAP
KIBERA
HAITI
RAMANI
TANDAL
E
JAKARTA MONGOLIA MALAWI
7

8.
The Beginning:
Tandale Mapping
(Ramani Tandale)
2011

9.
Tandale Mapping
• The most socially excluded neighbourhood in Dar es Salaam
• 71,250 population in only 90 hectares
• They share the toilets and corridors
• It is overcrowded, 70,000 people live in 3 square kilometres
9

10.
Tandale Mapping - Multiple Objectives
• Understand the location of critical challenges and critical
infrastructure within the neighborhood - solid waste dumping sites,
drainage, school, water points etc.
• Provide local university students with experience of field surveying
to augment their scholarly training
• Facilitate community discussion and participation for members to
express their problems using maps and blogs
• Pioneer new methods of data collection - understand the impact of
new participatory/crowdsourced approaches
10

11.
Tandale Mapping - Stakeholders
• World Bank who provided funds for the pilot project
• Ardhi University students who helped to train and to help the community
to conduct the mapping
• Centre for Community Initiatives (CCI) – Contributed to the participation
of community organizations in Tandale including:
o Tandale Community who were trained by the students to map their
areas. These are the people who knows most about their neighborhoods.
o Ground Truth Initiative – Coordinated all the activities of the project
o Twaweza – Donated the mapping equipment for the mapping to be
successful (GPS, Laptops and Cameras)
11

12.
Tandale Mapping - Using OpenStreetMap
1
GATHER DATA
2
UPLOAD DATA
3
EDIT MAPS
4
EDIT DATA
5
RENDER MAPS
12

13.
Tandale Mapping - Using a GPS and Field Papers
13

14.
Tandale Mapping - Outputs
August
2011
Septembe
r 2011
14

15.
15

16.
http://www.openstreetmap.org/node/279283638#map=16/-6.7939/39.2427 16

17.
Tandale Mapping Results –
Locating Issues Identified by the Community
• Poor Sanitation
• No solid waste collection points
• Lack of drainage systems
• Poor solid waste
• Inaccessibility
• Insufficient sanitary facilities
17

18.
Pivoting to Ramani Huria –
Community Mapping Across Dar es Salaam
Learning from the Ramani Tandale experience enabled
stakeholders to assess how new methodologies can be leveraged to
quickly map and survey communities.
Following severe flooding in Dar es Salaam, the Tanzanian
Commission for Science and Technology requested an at-scale
community mapping project to support flood resilience activities in
Dar es Salaam.
19

19.
Ramani Huria – Core Focus
• Mapping of Flooding Risks for Resilience Planning and Drainage
20

20.
Ramani Huria - The use of Drones
• It has more accuracy (1.5 m accuracy)
• Is more light
• No flying skills required
• It map more (45 minutes for 12 km²)

21.
Drone output
1.5 cm imagery
50 cm resolutions
imagery

22.
3D models
visualizations
Hydrological models
Good tool for flood
resilience

23.
Coverage of Drone Mapping Dar es salaam

24.
Other Drone Mapping projects in Dar es salaam
●Dar-es-Salaam Ramani Huria
Used as the powerful tool for flood modeling and availability Geotiff for
digitization on Openstreetmap
●Ng’ambo tuitakayo in Zanzibar
Used to produce Geotiff for digitization and making of field paper for data
collection
●Kibele land Fills In Zanzibar
Used as determinant of waste product volume used to fill the Kibele
quarrying area
●Makunduchi In zanzibar
Provide Aerial photography used as baseline to show the existing situation
to comparing the village development along the sea shore (beach)

25.
Ramani Huria - Mapping Objectives
• Support risk awareness activities related to urban flooding.
• Enable hazard and risk analysis of communities to flooding and
understand exposure ( -> enabled by InaSAFE)
• Improve understanding of urban infrastructure to inform
maintenance and planning
• Build local skills and capacity. Engage communities, train next
generation of town planners, encourage local leadership
26

26.
Ramani Huria - Methodology
1.Opening community forum
2.Mapping training
3.Go mapping!
4.Participatory mapping to identify historical flood extents
5.Closing community forum
27

27.
1. Opening community forum
Engage community
members, local officials
28

28.
29
2. Mapping training
On the mapping
process, including
field exercises
Data collection tools

29.
3. Go mapping!
Data collection, digitization,
and data review
30

30.
Identifying hazards
together with
communities through
participatory
mapping
4. Participatory Mapping
31

31.
5. Closing community forum
32
Community and Ward Executive
Officers celebrate their maps!

32.
Maps now in ward offices
33

33.
Community Mapping at Scale
29wards fully mapped, drainage in 36
home to 3.5 million people
(estimated, 3.01 million in 2012 census)
1000+ km of waterways
3000+ km of roads
400,000 buildings
1,700 school buildings
(quadrupling size of Tanzania’s OSM dataset)
34

34.
Ramani Huria - Current Status
• Continue mapping
• Continue involving stakeholders to better help the community
during the flooding
• Involve the Government to help on the process
• Work out to stabilize the training to WEOs to know how to do the
mapping for changes
35

35.
Raising awareness on activities related to
urban flooding
36

36.
Holding workshops and lectures on use of
open data, open tools; OSM, QGIS etc
Mapping party at KinuVation
Hub
Lecture at University of Dar es
Salaam
37

37.
38

38.
Ramani Huria – Key Actors
• Universities – Provide Students to support mapping
• Municipalities – Cooperate to provide information to ward level
• Humanitarian Open Street Maps (Hot) – Contracted to scale up
community mapping to a large number of neighborhoods – Using the
same methodology
• Buni Hub – Working space where they train more tech people
• Costech – Monitoring of the community mapping project
• Red Cross – Provide help during flooding
39

39.
Ramani Huria - Stakeholders
40

40.
Lessons Learned and
Recommendation

41.
Community Mapping Produces Useful
Information
• Identify flood prone and other high risk locations
• Identify locations for evacuation and disaster response
• Inexpensive way to collect baseline and diagnostic data for informal
settlements
• Provide updated information in rapidly changing bairros
• Data freely available to government, projects, civil society and
academics

42.
Community Mapping Builds Capacity
• Communities can understand and use data about their own
neighborhoods
• Strengthens relationships between communities, municipalities
and other partners
• Enables learning about local reality by government, researchers,
NGOs/CSOs
• Municipalities use bairro data to make better decisions
• Local students and activists develop technical skills
• Builds open data infrastructure and culture.

43.
Practical Organization is Key to Success
• Involve all stakeholder at all stages in the process
• Bairro secretaries are key to linking participation with results
• Municipal leaders and staff should specify data needs
• Students and activists should train community members by doing
with them not for them
• Accessible tools and technologies like smartphones, handheld
GPS, open source software make the process sustainable
• Prepare logistics well to keep mapping teams happy and
productive.

44.
Asante sana
Muito Obrigado
@msilikale05