1. Electricity
and Magnetism
MARIA ERICKA MARANAN
LALAINE ANNE ABEL
JOHN KENNETH SAPUNGAN

2. IN THIS MODULE, YOU WILL BE ABLE
TO:
 Explain the contributions of Franklin,
Coulomb, Oersted, Ampere, Biot, and
Savart, Faraday, and Maxwell to the
understanding of electricity and
magnetism; and
 Describe how the experiment of Hertz
produced radio pulses.

3. THALES OF MILETUS (624 BCE-546
BCE)
-Greek philosopher and scientist.
600 BCE- he discovered that amber (a hard
yellowish to brownish fossil resin) when rubbed with
fur attracts light objects like pieces of leaves and
straw.
What he actually discovered is Static Electricity.
He also noticed that loadstone attracts iron.

4. ARISTOTLE
According to his treatise DE ANIMA (On the Soul)
believed that everything has a “soul” and “is filled
with gods” and that the soul is the cause of
movement.
THALES
The lodestone had a soul since it cause the
movement of iron.

5. Scientists have come up
with more accurate
explanations about
electrical and magnetic
phenomena. Here are some
scientists who made
significant contributions to

6. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (1706-1790)
American inventor who was most noted for
his
kite experiment:
-one of the most famous scientific
experiments in history.
Lightning rod:
-metal pole used to divert lightning
away from the structure such as a building

8. Franklin’s interest in
electricity began when his
friend Peter Collinson (1694-
1768) gave him an electricity
tube.

9. CONCEPT OF CONSERVATION OF
CHARGE
-Franklin coined the terms positive
charge and negative charge.
-He also coined the term battery to
described an array of charged glass
plate, as well as the terms plus,
minus, and conductor among others.

10. CHARLES-AGUSTIN DE COULOMB
(1736-1806)
-French physicist and engineer. He
invented the
torsion balance:
-a device that can measure very
small charges to determine the
approximate experimental values of
attractive or repulsive force between
two charged bodies.

11. Coulomb concluded that the measured
tension force is directly proportional to
the force of the charges. The torsion

12. Coulomb’s Law
-describe the electrostatic interaction
between charged particles.
-states that electrostatic force (𝑭 𝒂)
between charged particles is directly
proportional to the product of the charges and
inversely proportional to the square of the
distance between them.
-mathematically expressed as: 𝑭 𝒆 =
𝒌𝒒 𝟏 𝒒 𝟐

13. HANS CHRISTIAN OERSTED
(1777-1851)
-Danish physicist and chemist.
“Galvanic battery of Alessandro Volta (1745-
1821)”
-is the one who inspired Oersted to learn
about the nature of electricity and to conduct
experiments and research about it.
“Electricity and magnetism were thought of as
separate force”
1820:
-Oersted made an “accidental” discovery that shows

14. Oersted was setting up his apparatus for his
lecture when he noticed that when he turned
on the electric power source (a wire
connected to both ends of the battery), the
needle of the compass held nearby deflected
away from the magnetic north. From this
incident, he then continued to experiments
for months until he concluded that an electric
current produces a magnetic force; thus,

15. ANDRĔI-MARIE AMPĔRE
(1775-1836)
-French physicist and mathematician.
-credited for establishing the basis of electrodynamics
(electromagnetism).
-he was the first to describe this relationship
mathematically and provide a theoretical explanation
for it.

17. JEAN-BAPTISTE BIOT
(1774-1862)
FELIX SAVART
(1791-1814)
JEAN-BAPTISTE BIOT AND FELIX SAVART
-French physicist and
mathematician.
1804- he accompanied
Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac
(1778-1850) on a hot air
balloon ascent. They
observed that the magnetic
-he collaborated with Biot
and made use of the
discovery Oersted to
explore electricity and
magnetism.

18. 1920
-they calculated the magnetic field that a
current-carrying wire generates. They proposed
the Biot-Savart Law.
BIOT-SAVART LAW
-shows the relationship of the relationship of
the magnetic field to the magnitude, direction,
length, and proximity of the current.
- using a long vertical wire and magnetic

19. MICHAEL FARADAY (1781-1867)
-English physicist and inventor.
-first to discover the principles of electromagnetic
induction in 1831.
-movement of a
conductor through
a stationary or
changing
magnetite field
induces voltage or
electromotive
force across a

20. JAMES CLERK MAXWELL (1831-1879)
“Father of Modern Physics”
-credited for the
electromagnetic theory.
-concluded that light is an EM
waves.
-he had a theory that a light is
a form
of EM radiation.
-he became more popular with
-states that the
magnetic field and
EM waves are
generated from
the oscillations of
electrons and that
the EM waves
travel at a speed
of light.

21. HEINRICH RUDOLF HERTZ
(1857-1894)
-German physicist
-first to prove that EM waves exist.
1887- he conducted the famous wireless
experiment.

23. END