©2009 Zeo, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
An Argument for Sleep:
Connecting Sleep and Health

Health Impacts Sleep
Diabetes
Obesity
Heart
Disease
Poor Sleep
Cancer
Mental
Health

Sleep Impacts Health
Diabetes
Obesity
Heart
Disease
Poor Sleep
Cancer
Mental
Health
Immune
Function
Mortality

Mortality
110-126% Risk of mortality over the long term for
short sleepers1,2.
131-139%
Risk of mortality over the long term for
short sleepers who use hypnotics/
tranquilizers2.

Immune Function
“Sleep should be considered a vital part of the
immune system” (Bryant, Trinder, & Curtis 2004)6.
3x Short sleepers’ susceptibility to
rhinovirus (the common cold)3.
½
Immune response of the sleep
deprived versus those who sleep
enough4,5.

Diabetes
50-150% Greater risk of short sleepers for
developing type 2 diabetes7,8.
Sleep
Insulin
Resistance
Glucose
Tolerance
Risk of
Diabetes
Mechanism that links sleep
deprivation and type 2 diabetes9,10.

Obesity
More sleep debt = greater risk11-13
“Replacing 1 h of inactive wakefulness (e.g. watching
TV), with sleeping is likely to result in a substantial
reduction in caloric intake” (Sivak 2006)14.
125-193% Risk of future obesity in short
sleepers11.

Heart Disease
2x Short sleepers’ risk of developing
cardiovascular disease7 and hypertension16,17.
Sleep
Blood
Pressure
Sympathetic
Activity
Risk of
Heart
Disease
Mechanism that links sleep
deprivation and heart disease18.

Cancer
“Exposure to light-at-night [is] associated with an
increased risk of breast cancer” (Davis & Mirick 2006)19.
Light at
Night
Sleep
Deprivation
Circadian
Disruption
Risk of
Cancer
Mechanism that links sleep
disruption and cancer20.
Melatonin
Suppression
A WHO agency recently concluded that shift work is carcinogenic due to
circadian disruptions and their link to cancer21.

Mental Health
40% Amount of mood disorder cases with
patients presenting pre-existing insomnia22.
4x Depression relapse risk after treatment
for patients with insomnia23.
Sleep
Risk of
Depression24

Conclusion
“Sleep is an indicator of health, and sufficient sleep quantity and good quality
should be considered as an essential component of a healthy lifestyle, as
much as exercise and nutrition” (Zee & Turek 2006)25.
Sleep
ExerciseNutrition
Health

The Cutting Edge of Research
• Interventions in sleep to improve health outcomes are
the next step in sleep research12,14,26,27.
• Researchers are already calling for interventions in the
population28,29.
• Zeo’s SoftWave™ technology is well positioned to play
a major role in the research30 and potential
intervention efforts31.

References
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sleep duration as a risk factor for hypertension: analyses of the
first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
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References
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of depressive and anxiety disorders. Journal of Psychiatric
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Additional Resources
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duration is associated with the metabolic syndrome in midlife
adults. Sleep. 2008;31(5):635-43.
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mortality from cardiovascular disease and other causes for
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