The presentation describes the phenomenological research in detail. The presentation describes how one can apply phenomenological research in Education

1. Methods of Qualitative Research
Dr. Neha Deo
By

2. Phenomenology
• Phenomenology is a philosophy of experience. ...
The task of the philosopher, according to
phenomenology, is to describe the structures of
experience, in particular consciousness, the
imagination, relations with other persons, and the
situatedness of the human subject in society and
history.

3. Phenomenology
• Phenomenology is the descriptive study of how
individuals experience a phenomenon. It deals with
the central question like, “What are the meaning,
structure, and essence of the lived experience of
this phenomenon by an individual or by many
individuals?”

4. Phenomenology
• These studies are inductive and start from the
relationship with the environment, with the good,
the bad, the right and the wrong. It seeks to study
and obtain the maximum knowledge on all the
fundamental aspects and also of those that are not
essential for the process that suffers certain
phenomenon.

5. Phenomenology-objective
• Phenomenology, a philosophical movement
originating in the 20th century, the primary
objective of which is the direct investigation and
description of phenomena as consciously
experienced, without theories about their causal
explanation and as free as possible
from unexamined preconceptions
and presuppositions.

6. What is the objective of phenomenology study?
• The objective of the Phenomenological study is to
trace out precisely the lived experiences of people
& generate theories or models of phenomena
being studied.

7. What is the objective of phenomenology study?
• Phenomenology opposes naturalism, i.e.,
objectivism & positivism.
• Phenomenology tends to justify knowledge with
reference to awareness of a substance itself, as
disclosed in the most comprehensive, distinct &
suitable way for some thing of it’s kind.

8. What does phenomenology study?
Thought
Desire
Emotion
Memory
Imagination
Volition to bodily
awareness
Phenomenology
studies many
types of
experience
from

9. Key words of Phenomenology
Phenomenology
Key words
Essence
Lived
Experience
Human
experience
Consciousness

10. It is the systematic study of subjectivity
Describes what underlies the way usually
describes their experiences
Studies the coexistence between a
person within a group.
leads to the discovery and analysis of things or
objects
It consists mainly of in-depth
conversations.
Has transcendental reduction.
concentrates on an eidetic reduction.
researcher and informants are often
considered secondary participants.
Not interested in explanation but the aspects
Describes the meaning of the experiences.
Critical truths about reality are based
on people’s experiences
investigates experiences as they are
lived by people and the meaning that
these people give them.
seeks to understand how people construct
the meaning of things

11. Types of the phenomenology
Types
Realist
Phenomenology:
analysis of the intentional
structures of mental acts. Focuses
on gathering the universal
abstract of various types of
information, including human
actions, motives & results
Transcendental or
constitutive
Phenomenology:
It entangles suspending acceptance of the pre given
position of conscious life as something that exist in the
world & is carried out in order to obtain an ultimate
inter subjective grounding for the world..
It is concerned with topics
such as actions, conflicts,
desires, finitude, oppression
& death.
Existential
Phenomenology
1
2
3
4
Hermeneutical
Phenomenology
Uses lived experiences as a
tool for better understanding
the social, cultural, political
or historical context in which
those experiences occur.

12. Procedure of Phenomenology
Determine if the research be best examined using a phenomenological research or not
Individual’s common or shared experience
Develop a practice or policies
Develop a deeper understanding about the features of the phenomenon
Data collected from the individuals who have experienced the phenomenon
Mainly in depth interview & multiple interviews are used.
Other research tools observation, oral or written reports, journals, music. poems etc.

13. Phenomenology -details
1) Research purpose :- To describe one or more
individual‘s experiences of a phenomenon..
2) Disciplinary Origin :- Philosophy.
3) Primary Data Collection Method :- In depth
interviews with up to 10 – 15 people.
4) Data Analysis Approach:-List significant statements,
determine meaning of statement & identify the
essence of the phenomenon.
5) Narrative report focus :- Rich description of the
essential or invariant structures.

14. Examples
• A phenomenological study on lived experiences
of tsunami victims in selected villages of Tamil
Nadu.
• The Caregiver’s journey-A phenomenological
study of the lived experience of leisure for
caregivers in the sandwich generation who care
for a parent with dementia.

15. References
• Creswell, J. (2008).Educational research:
Planning, conducting, and evaluating
quantitative and qualitative research
(3rd ed.).Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson
Education.
• Slideshare.netmaheshwarijaykumar/phenomenol
ogicalresearch