Basic two hour Paediatric first aid course for parents of young infants and children to include practicals on CPR, Choking & other traumas &medical emergencies

1. 1
First Aid for Children
Your Instructor
Nevan Mulvihill
Your Instructor:
Nevan Mulvihill
087 946 2865
www.facebook.com/
redtrain.ie
Parent First Aid

2. 2
Main causes of death in children
• Choking,
• Drowning,
• Poisoning,
• Suffocation,
• Trauma
5 Main causes of mortality
In children

3. 3
Patient Assessment
• Danger
• Response
• Airway
– C-Spine
• Breathing
• Circulation
Primary Survey

4. Paediatric Chain of Survival4
1. Prevention of arrest
2. Early CPR – 2 minutes if unwitnessed
3. Early Activation of Emergency Services 999/112
4. Early Advanced Life Support
5. Early Post-Resuscitation care

5. CPR5

6. Infant Choking – repeat 5 back slaps & 5
chest compressions until object clears
Back Slaps Chest Compressions
6

7. 7
Treatment for Poisons (999)
• Primary Survey
IF CONSCIOUS
– Do not induce vomiting
– If the casualty has swallowed a corrosive
– Give small sips of water or milk to drink
• Primary Survey
• IF UNCONSCIOUS
– Recovery position
– Monitor vital signs / Keep samples
– Urgent removal to hospital
– Be prepared to resuscitate
• Avoid becoming contaminated
• The National Poisons Information Centre can be contacted at
Beaumont Hospital – telephone 01 - 8092568
7
Treatment for Poison

8. 8
Common Childhood illness
Asthma

9. Seizures in children – main causes
Febrile Convulsions
Epilepsy
Head Injury
Lack of Oxygen
Stroke
9

10. 10

11. Picture: Many Thanks to the Anaphylaxis
Campaign.
Anaphylaxis
• Anxiety
• Blotchy skin
• Swelling of face
• Swelling of neck
• Puffiness around eyes
• Breathing difficulties
• Rapid pulse
11
Anaphylaxis

12. 12
Treatment of Severe Allergies
• Relieve Breathing
• If trained use Epi-pen
999
12

13. Concussion Compression
Unconsciousness for a short period,
followed by an increase in levels of
response and recovery.
Could have a history of recent head
injury with apparent recovery, but
then deteriorates
Short term memory loss (particularly of
the incident). Confusion, irritability.
Levels of response become worse as
condition develops
Mild, general headache. Intense headache.
Pale, clammy skin. Flushed, dry skin.
Shallow / normal breathing. Deep, noisy, slow breathing.
(Pressure on the respiratory control area of the
brain)
Rapid, weak pulse.
(Blood diverts away from the extremities)
Slow, strong pulse.
(Caused by raised blood pressure)
Normal pupils, reacting to light. One or both pupils dilate as pressure
increases on the brain.
Possible nausea or vomiting on
recovery.
Condition becomes worse. Fits may
occur. No recovery.
Serious Head injuries13

14. 14
Management of a Head Injury:
Ensure A c, B C
Treat all life threatening injuries
Monitor vital signs
Head to toe survey
Prevent chilling
If UNCONSCIOUS due to trauma
Consider spinal injury and treat
Refer to attached pocket guide on
concussion

15. P
E
E
P
osture
levate
xamine
ressure
Bleeding15
Treatment of Bleeding

16. 16
Nose Bleed
• Breath through Mouth
• Pinch below bridge of Nose
• Have casualty lean forward
• Try not to speak, sniff,
swallow, or spit
• Check after 10 minutes
• Do not blow nose for
a few hours
• Seek Medical Attention if
bleeding persists for more
than 30 minutes
16
Treatment of Nose Bleed

17. R
I
C
E
est
ce
ompression
levation
Sprains and strains
IF IN DOUBT -
TREAT AS A
FRACTURE !
17
Sprain or Strain Treatment

18. 18
Hypoglycaemia - Treatment
If Concious :
• Talk to them, encourage them to check sugar
levels.
• Ask if they should take sugar / food / drinks.
• Seek Medical Attention
If Unconcious :
• Call 999 / 112 and Ensure ABC
• Place patient in recovery position
• Monitor vital signs / Prevent chilling
• Look for other causes
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Treatment of Diabetics
Hypoglyacemic – low blood sugar levels

19. 19
Electrical Injuries - Treatment
• Make sure scene is safe
• Primary Survey
• Burns often full thickness
• Multiple burns possible
• Activate EMS
19
Treatment for burns

20. COOL! – 10 -15
Minutes cool
Running Water
REMOVE
Jewellery and
clothing
DRESS – non
adherent
Burns – treatment20

21. 21
Low Current Voltage
REMOVE PLUG
DO NOT
touch casualty if
he/she is still in
contact with
electrical current
Try to use a telephone
directory or something
similar as a insulator
DO NOT use any metal
object to push away
electrical source, use a
wooden object
21
Treatment for Electric Shock

22. 22
Common Childhood illness
Chicken Pox

23. Red Flag early warning signs!
• Cold hands and feet
• Pain in the limbs or joints
• Abnormal skin colour (pallor or mottling)
Other signs, which can occur later:
• Fever and vomiting
• Rash that doesn’t fade with tumbler test
• Drowsiness or lowered levels of consciousness
• Severe headache
• Stiff neck (rare)
• Dislike of bright lights (rare)
Meningitis23
Meningitis

24. Meningitis – doesn’t disappear under a glass – if in
doubt arrange transport to hospital
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