The document summarizes several common text genres used in ninth grade English, including their social functions, generic structures, and key language features. It discusses recounts, which retell past events; narratives, which entertain through stories with complications and resolutions; procedures, which describe how to accomplish goals through sequenced steps; descriptions, which provide details about people, places, or things; and reports, which objectively describe natural, man-made, or social phenomena through observations and analysis. For each genre, it outlines their purpose, typical components, and characteristic linguistic aspects like verb types, tense, and structural elements.

1. GENRE
THE ENGLISH TEXT TYPE
OF THE NINTH GRADERS
By:
Ningsih, S.M, Dip.Ed., M.Pd

2. Characteristics of Genre

3. RECOUNT
Social function :
•To retell events for the purposes of informing or
entertaining
Generic structure :
•Orientation : provides the setting and introduces
participants
( giving information about what, who, where and
when)
•event : to tell what happened in what sequence
•RE Orientation : optional , closure of events

4. Language features of RECOUNT
• Focus on specific participant
( nouns and pronouns: we, Dennis, the animal etc. .)
• Material process
( Action verbs: go, sleep, run etc. )
• Past tense
• Temporal sequence ( after, before , then )
• Conjunction ( but , and, …)
• Circumstances of time and place
( adverb / adverb phrases showing time and place )
* Adjectives to modify nouns

5. NARRATIVE
Social Function:
•To amuse, entertain, and to deal with actual or vicarious
experience in different ways
•( It deals with problematic events which lead to a crisis or
turning point of some kind which in turn finds a resolution)
Generic structure:
•Orientation : sets the scene, introduces participant
•Evaluation : a stepping back to evaluate the plight
•Complication : a crisis arises
•Resolution : the crisis is resolved , for better or worse
•Re orientation : optional

6. Language features of narrrative
• Specific and individualized participant ( nouns or
pronouns)
• Material process
• Behavioral process ( breathe, snore, dream…)
• Verbal process ( said, told, asked …)
• Mental process ( think, understand, like….)
• Relational process
• ( time connectives and temporal conjunction )
• Temporal circumstance
• Past tense

7. Procedure
Social function :
•To describe how something is accomplished through a
sequence of actions or steps
Generic structure
•Goal
•Material (not required for all procedure texts)
•Steps 1 – n ( goal followed by a series of steps oriented
to achieving the goal )

8. Language features of procedure
• Generalized human agents
• Simple present often imperative
• material process ( Action verbs )
• Temporal conjunction or numbering to
indicate sequence
• Adverbs to show the detail of time and place
e. g for five minutes, two centimeters from
the top…

9. Descriptive
• Social function
To describe a particular person, place or thing
• Generic structure
1. Identification , identify phenomenon to be
described
2. Description : describe or giving information about
specific participant e.g. : comes from…, the color,
the size, the favorite things etc.

10. Language features of description
• Specific participant ( nouns )
• Simple present
• Attributive and identifying Process
• ( relating verbs which informs about the subject)
• Various adjectives like : describing, numbering,
classifying , two white fangs, two strong legs etc.
• Detailed noun phrase to inform about the subject

11. REPORT
• Social function :
1. to describe the way things are with reference to
arrange of natural, man made and social
phenomena in our environment
2. it is the result of systematic observation or analysis
3. it is general conclusion, general statement about
• Generic structure:
a. Generic classification: tell what phenomena under
discussion is
b. Description : tells the phenomena is like in the
terms of parts and their function, Qualities, Habits
or behaviors

12. Language features of report
• General nouns : reptiles in Komodo island
• Relating verbs / relational process
• ( is , are, …)
• Action verbs ( birds fly, they eat…)
• Present tense
• Technical terms (water contain hydrogen and
oxygen,…)
• Paragraph with topic sentence to arrange some
information