architectural principles of design: emphasis through -Contrast -Isolation -Placement -Absence of a focal point -Repetition

1. Principles of design

2. emphAsis
For a form or space to be
expressed as being important or
significant to an composition, it
must be made uniquely visible. i.e.
emphasized.

3. Visual emphasis can be achieved
through
• Contrast
• Isolation
• Placement
• Absence of a focal
point
• Repetition

4. isolation

6. contrast

8. Placement

10. Absence of focal point

12. Repetition

14. Emphasis in architecture can
be achieved through
• exceptional size
• a unique shape
• a strategic location

15. exceptional size

16. Unique shape

18. Strategic location

19. Balance is a simple visual concept that relates to our
experience of physical balance.

20. Types of balance
 Axial symmetrical balance.
 Biaxial symmetrical balance
 Radial balance
 Asymmetrical balance

21. Axial symmetrical balance
Arranging visually equal elements on both sides
of a single axis

23. Biaxial symmetrical balance
Arranging visually equal elements in each of the
four quadrants created by a pair of crossed axes

25. Radial balance
Arranging visually equal elements at an equal distance
from a center point and spaced at an equal distance apart
from one another

27. Asymmetrical balance
Arranging visually un equal elements around a point such
that their visual weight of each element multiplied times
their distance from the point of balance all equal one
another

29. Balance in architecture

33. RHYTHM IN DESIGN
• Rhythm is the repetition or alternation of
elements, often with defined intervals
between them.
Rhythm can create a sense of movement, and
can establish pattern and texture.

34. KINDS OF RHYTHM

35. Regular
A regular rhythm occurs when the intervals between the elements,and often the
elements themselves, are similar in size or length

36. Flowing
A flowing rhythm gives a sense of movement, and is often more organic in
nature

37. Progressive
A progressive rhythm shows a sequence of forms through a
progression of steps

38. RHYTHM IN ARCHITECTURE

39. REPETITION OF DIFFERENCES
IN THIS RHYTHMICAL SERIES, THE ASCENDING AND DESCENDING
PROGRESSIONS ARE BUILT UP FROM SMALL TO LARGE AND TO SMALL
AGAIN.

40. REPETITION OF LINES
VARIATIONS OF LINEAR LENGTHS OF CURVATURES.

41. REPETITION OF DIMENSIONS
SUCH AS THE DIMENSIONS BETWEEN SUPPORTS AND BAY SPACING.

42. REPETITION OF SHAPES
REPETITION OF CONSTRUCTIVE ELEMENTS.

43. REPETITION
REPETITION is the use of similar
or connected pictorial elements.
For example, similar shapes, colors
or lines that are used more
than once

44. regular or irregular and even or
uneven.
in the form of RADIATION
where the repeated elements spread
out from a central point.
in the form of GRADATION
where the repeated elements slowly
become smaller or larger.
REPETITION CAN BE

45. REGULAR REPETITION

46. +REGULAR REPETITION

47. IRREGULAR REPETITION

48. IN THE FORM OF RADIATION

49. REPITION THROUGH
GRADIATION
REPITION THROUGH
GRADIATION
REPITION THROUGH
GRADIATION
REPETITION TROUGH
GRADIATION

50. REPETITION IN
ARCHITECTURE

51. IRREGULAR REPETITION

52. REGULAR REPETITION

53. RADIAl REPETITION