 Biotechnology is application of molecular
and cell biology tools to solve problems of
health, agricultural and the environment
 The discovery of DNA structure in 1955
revolutionized biology
 Biotechnology tools include cloning, genetic
modification, genetic screening
What is biotechnology?
Biotechnology can provide
Sustainable Growth, Healthy Lifestyle and
Environment

Bioinformatics (Computational BT)
Blue Biotechnology (Marine and aquatic
application)
Green Biotechnology (agricultural application)
Red Biotechnology (Medical application)
White Biotechnology (Industrial products)
Branch of Biotechnology

 Indian biotech story began with Biocon in 1978.
 Initiative in early 1980’s
 Agencies - DST, CSIR, ICAR, ICMR, UGC
 National Biotechnology Development Board – 1982
 Department of Biotechnology – 1986
India is the first country in the world to create a separate
Department of Biotechnology (DBT) under the Ministry of
Science & Technology in 1986
Indian biotech made its presence on the world map in 1997, when
Hyderabad based Shantha Biotechnics launched the indigenously
developed hepatitis B vaccine, Shanvac.

Biotechnology Applications
Life Sciences
Medicine
Pharmaceuticals
New forms of treatment
Vaccines
Diagnostics
Forest industry
Control of biodeposits
Fibre modification
Bleaching of pulp
Waste water treatment
Bioprocesses
Production of chemicals
Production of enzymes
Fermentation
Biocatalysis
Materials
Biomaterials for medical
applications
Modification of raw
materials
Agriculture and
environment
Plant and animal
breeding
Treatment of biowaste
Biofuels
Food and feed
Functional foods
Food analytics
Production methods
Components

Biotechnology Applications
 Virus-resistant crop plants and livestock
 Diagnostics for detecting genetic diseases and
acquired diseases
 Therapies that use genes to cure diseases
 Recombinant vaccines to prevent disease
 Biotechnology can also aid the environment


"New Drugs/Medicines/Vaccines",
 "Artificial organs"
 "DNA analysis: be it for forensic research or for exploratory
purposes",
 "Food Production and ways to enhance productivity",
 "New Diagnostic Equipment",
 "Environment friendly products and services",
 "Nutrient supplements",
 "New Apps being developed for various smart phones to probe
physiological parameters“,.
The future of this field is thus very bright!

TYPES OF BIOTECHNOLOGY
 Recombinant, R protein, R DNA
 Genetically Modified Organism (GMO)
 Antibody (monoclonal antibody)
 Transgenic
 Gene therapy, Immunotherapy
 Risks and advantages of biotech

PRODUCTS OF BIOTECH

PRODUCTS OF BIOTECH
Banana
Geranium
Gerbera
Gladiolus
Jatropha

Shanvac-B (r-DNA Hepatitis B Vaccine) is
India's first recombinant vaccine and is
produced in the yeast Pichia pastoris.
Hepatitis B vaccine is used for the prevention
of the deadly liver infection Hepatitis B which
can lead to liver failure or cancer.
Shanvac-B is India’s first WHO-Geneva pre-
qualified Hepatitis-B vaccine.
Bharat Biotech recently launched the world’s
first clinically proven typhoid conjugate
vaccine, Typbar – TCV, for infants above six
months and adults
PRODUCTS OF BIOTECH

A new rice based vaccine promises effective
treatment for the dreaded Cholera
Other diseases targeted for rice based
vaccines include the pesky influenza and the
much dreaded HIV
Gene-modified potato seeds would enhance
the crop’s overall resistance against blight, a
commonly found disease in potato.
Giant Strides in crop biotechnology

Tomatoes, with their abundant lycopene, may
defend against cancer by protecting DNA from
oxidative damage
Broccoli sprouts contain an abundance of the
cancer-fighting phytochemical sulforaphane
Rich in flavonoids – apples may protect against
lung cancer
Garlic, with it’s abundant allicin, may lower blood
cholesterol and protect against stomach cancer

A newly uncovered mechanism for
clearing common brain blood clots
provides a potential therapeutic target for
stroke recovery and age-related cognitive
disorders.
C.K. Lam et al, Nature, 2010 May 27, 465(7297): 478-82.
Eval by Jaime Garcia-Anoveros, Northwestern
University; Ray Rodgers, University Adelaide.
Brain Blood Busters

Super E. Coli
The mother cell of E. Coli maintains a constant
growth rate throughout its replicative life
(hundreds of cell divisions), despite accumulating
damage and an increased probability of death,
suggesting that growth and aging are decoupled,
unlike all other studied aging models.
P. Wang et al, Current Biology, 2010 May 26, 20:1099-1103. Eval by
Roy Kishony, Harvard Univ.; Thomas Meier, Max Planck Institute
Biophysics.

First implantable artificial kidney could remove
demand for dialysis and donor organs
•U.S researchers have just unveiled the first
prototype model of the artificial kidney that
would be implanted inside the body and work
as well as a living organism and could eliminate
the need for dialysis.
•The kidney is being developed in a
collaborative effort by engineers, biologists and
physicians led by Dr. Shuvo Roy at the
University of California San Francisco. The
treatment has already been proven to work for
the sickest patients using a room-sized external
model.
•The process relies on the body's blood
pressure to perform filtration without needing
pumps or an electrical power supply.
The artificial kidney will be
the size of a coffee cup.
Blood will be pumped
through microscopic filters
using the body's own blood
pressure

Scientists have successfully grown complex human
brain tissue from stem cells using a new 3D culture
system, according to a study published in the
journal Nature.
Researchers from the Institute of Molecular
Biotechnology (IMBA) at the Austrian Academy of
Sciences (OeAW) say the newly created tissue could
be the start of developing model systems for the
human brain

About 32 percent of the global cotton cultivation area
Contributes 21 percent of the global cotton produce,
second after China.
Provides employment to around 42 million people
directly or indirectly.
Production increased more than double from 13.6
million bales in 2002-2003 to 35.5 million bales in
2011-2012.
Over the past few years, India has even managed to
produce at least six to nine million bales more than
required for domestic consumption.
An importer country became an exporter country

Benefits of Human Genome Project
Improvements in medical prevention of disease, gene
therapies, diagnosis techniques
Production of useful protein products for use in
medicine, agriculture, bioremediation and pharmaceutical
industries.
Improved bioinformatics – using computers to help in
DNA sequencing …

Biotechnology India: The Infrastructure
Advantage
Institutions & Manpower
Number of hospitals : 16,000
Number of doctors : 500,000
Number of research institutions: 200
Number of Scientists : 25,000
Medical graduates produced : 17,500 per yrs
Science graduates produced : 500,000 per yrs
Number of Agriculture Univs. : 40

Major Biotech Companies
Biocon
Serum Institute of India
Panacea Biotech
Nicholas Piramal
Wockhardt Limited
GlaxoSmithKline
Bharat Serums
Krebs Biochemical's & Industries
Ltd
Zydus Cadila
Indian Immunologicals
Shantha Biotechnics
Chiron Behring Vaccines
Eli Lilly and Company
Novo Nordis
Mahyco Monsanto
Bharat Biotech
Abbott
Ranbaxy
Novozymes
Biological E

Organizations in India working for the growth of
the biotechnology industry
 Association of Biotechnology Led Enterprises (ABLE)
 Association of Diagnostic Manufacturers of India
(ADMI)
 Association of Contract Research Organizations
(ACRO)
 Indian Society for Clinical Research (ISCR)
 All India Crop Biotechnology Associations (AICBA)
 All India Biotech Association (AIBA)

Funding Agencies in area of
Biotechnology
 APIDC Venture Capital Limited
 Gujarat Venture Capital
 IDBI Venture Capital
 SIDBI Ventures
 ICICI Ventures
 UTI Ventures
 And Several Others

Biotech Knowledge Providers
 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
 Indian Council of Medical Research
 Indian Council of Agriculture Research
 Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
 Indian Institute of Technology
 Private Institutions

Five bioclusters are emerging in the
country-
 Bangalore *
 Hyderabad *
 Mumbai-Pune
 New Delhi-Lucknow *
 Chennai
• Three of these clusters have already found a
place in a recent global listing of bioclusters by a
US-based agency.
Source: Biospectrum

Why did a Biocluster arise in Lucknow?
 Expertise of over 400 Scientists, 700 Technicians and 500
Research Students

Park holding hands of 15 biotech units
Biopharma - TWO
Lifecare Innovation Pvt. Ltd.
Chandan Healthcare Pvt. Ltd.
Bio-Agri (PPP mode) - TWO
Sheel Biotech Pvt. Ltd.
Hindustan Bioenergy Ltd. - Expanded its activities in 28 acres of land at Kundanganj District, Raebareli
Bioinformatics & Bioservices – Five
Institute of Biological Sciences
ACS Informatics Pvt. Ltd.
Software Technology Parks of India
Acadia Research Lab. Pvt. Ltd.
Genetech BioLabs Private Limited
Health area (diagnostics, herbal cosmetics, nutraceuticals) – Six
India Pesticides Limited:
ABC Genomics (India) Pvt. Ltd
Amor Herbals Pvt. Ltd.
CIMAP – Point of Presence
Super Biofresh Pvt. Ltd.
 SKiES Life Technologies Pvt. Ltd.-has 2 acres of land at UPSIDC Food Park

TOP 10 biotech companies (in revenues)