ppy by : Ma. Minda Luz M. Manuguid, M.D

1. Pharmacodynamics

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8. G protein Signal transduction 5

12. Receptor targets for Drug Action Chlorpromazine Dopamine Dopamine2 receptor Ketanserin 5 HT 5 HT2 receptor Naloxone Morphine Opiate Propranolol Noradrenalin β blocker Tubocurarine Acetylcholine; Nicotine Nicotinic Ach receptor antagonist agonist receptor

13. Ion channel targets for Drug Action Glycine Dizoclipine, Ketamine Glutamate-gated channel Sulfonylureas ATP ATP-sensitive K channel Benzodiazepines Picrotoxin GABA-gated Cl channel Dihydropyridines Divalent cations Voltage-gated Ca channel Aldosterone Amiloride Renal tubular Na channel Veratridine Local anaesthetics Voltage-gated Na channel Modulators Effectors: blockers Ion channel

14. Enzyme targets for Drug Action Didanosine Reverse transcriptase hemicholinium Choline acetyl transferase Allopurinol Xanthine oxidase Captopril Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) Aspirin cycloOxygenase Neostigmine; Organophosphates Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) False substrates Effectors: inhibitors Enzyme

15. Carrier targets for Drug Action Omeprazole Proton pump in gastric mucosa Cardiac glycoside Na-K pump Probenecid Weak acid carrier Reserpin Noradrenalin uptake ( vesicular ) Amphetamine; Methyldopa TCA; Cocaine Noradrenalin uptake Hemicholinium Choline carrier False substrates Inhibitors Carrier

22. Log dose – Response Curve Log dose slope potency variability Maximal effect intensity of effect

26. Antagonists tend to up-regulate receptors Agonists tend to desensitize receptors Competitive antagonists may be overcome (surmountable) Partial agonist has affinity & (less) intrinsic activity Antagonist has affinity but NO intrinsic activity Agonist has affinity plus intrinsic activity ANTAGONIST AGONIST

40. Thank You

41. pharmacogenomics