Data logger wavelength

1. COURSES:
SBI3013
INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN BIOLOGY
GROUP ASSIGNMENT:
TITLE:
DATA LOGGER - WAVELENGHT
PREPARED BY:
NUR AMALINA BINTI CHE AJID
D20162076166
NURAFIQAH BINTI HAMZAH
D20162076167
NURUL AMIRAH BT RODZI
D20162076159
GROUP: A
PROGRAM:
AT11 – ISMP BIOLOGY
CHECKED BY:
EN AZMI IBRAHIM
FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITI PENDIDIKAN SULTAN IDRIS

2. 1.0 DATA LOGGING
The three main component of data logging are computer, data logger and sensor. Computer
usually should have utilized software of data logging that is used to read all the information from
sensor in doing an experiment. Data logger is an electronic instrument used to record the
measurement at set intervals over a period of time. Sensor is used to convert physical quantity to
electrical signal and send the data to the computer
2.0 DATA LOGGER
Electronic instrument that records measurements at set intervals over a period of time is called a
data logger. Any measurements that can be done using data logger such as relative humidity, air
temperature, AC/DC current and voltage, dissolved oxygen, soil moisture, wind speed and
direction, rainfall, light intensity, leaf wetness, pulse signals, plug load, room occupancy,
differential pressure, water level, water temperature and many more.
Data loggers are typically compact, battery-powered devices equipped with an internal
microprocessor, data storage, and one or more sensors. Data loggers are used in a broad range of
underwater, indoor, outdoor and temperature environments essentially anywhere data is needed
and the convenience of battery power is preferred. Data logger must be connected to a computer
via a USB interface. Data logger software is used to select logging parameters and activate the
logger. The logger is then disconnected and deployed in the desired location, where it records
each measurement and stores it in memory along with the time and date. After the desired
monitoring period, the data logger is then reconnected to the computer and the software is used
again to read out the data and display the measurements in graphs that show profiles over time.
Tabular data can be viewed as well, or exported to a spreadsheet for further manipulation.

3. 3.0 THE BENEFITS OF USING DATA LOGGER IN EXPERIMENT
There are many benefits using data logger in experiment such as it can easier student and
teachers to conduct an experiment. Experiment using data logging equipment can take readings
with high degrees of accuracy make the result more true and trustfully. The next benefit is people
do not need waste time to look for the experiment when it can be left without human
intervention. It is helps so much the person in charge to do another work while waiting for the
result of the experiment. Data logger also can be set to take readings over a long period of time
example hourly temperature readings every day. The other benefits is, experiment also can be set
to take many readings in a short period time. If the experiment is quite extreme conditions such
as too cold or too heat, data logging also can be used.
Data logger actually gives better presentation of result and also better processing. The
data collected from the science experiment can be processed by specialist software or put into a
spreadsheet. The result can be generated in form of line, pie or bar graph. The results also can be
displayed in a table of values. These all the result forms can be exported to a desktop publishing
(DTP) package. More interesting, text also can be added to explaining the experiment and results
shown. Clip art can be imported to provide a visual outline and show the experiment. The report
can then be saved and widely distributed in different ways example email, post or fax.
4.0 WHAT IS ULTRASOUND?
Ultrasound is sound with a frequency above the audible range which ranges from 20Hz to
20kHz. Sound is a mechanical energy that needs a medium to propagate. However, sound cannot
travel in vacuum which is vacuum is only for electromagnetic waves. The frequencies normally
applied in clinical imaging lies between 1MHz and 20MHz. A transducer will generate the sound
when loudspeaker sending out an acoustic pulse along a narrow beam in a given direction. The
transducer subsequently acts as a microphone in order to record the acoustic echoes generated by
the tissue along the path of the emitted pulse. These echoes thus carry information about the
acoustic properties of the tissue along the path. The emission of acoustic energy and the
recording of the echoes normally take place at the same transducer, in contrast to CT imaging,

4. where the emitter (the X-ray tube) and the recorder which is the detectors are located on the
opposite side of the patient.
5.0 EXPERIMENT AND EXAMPLE OF SOUND
5.1 ENGAGE
Engage is a method that elicits students’ ideas from their prior knowledge. Teachers may elicit
their ideas through a few questions so that teachers could know the level of the students and
where should they begin to teach the students. It creates a two ways communication between
teacher and students where students may share their knowledge besides the teacher does. This
engage is the method that used to attract the student’s attention. Through the question or picture
given, the teacher will elicit student’s idea on that particular topic. This enable the teacher to
know about the prior knowledge which the student possesses on the particular topic. Other than
that, engage will help student in the process think out of box and give idea about the question.
One of the experiment that used data logger is in attenuation of ultrasound in solid. This
experiment is carried out to find out whether the sound can be tested using medium in the
experiment. When sound travels through a medium, its intensity diminishes with distance.
Natural materials, however, all produce an effect which further weakens the sound. This further
weakening results from scattering and absorption. Scattering is the reflection of the sound in
directions other than its original direction of propagation. Absorption is the conversion of the
sound energy to other forms of energy. The combined effect of scattering and absorption is
called attenuation. Ultrasonic attenuation is the decay rate of the wave as it propagates through
material.
The problem statement in this experiment are :
1. How the damping of solid can be determined ?
2. Is it sound wave loose energy through the medium ?

5. 5.2 EMPOWER OF EXPERIMENTAL
Objective:
To study the attenuation of ultrasound in solid.
Apparatus/materials:
1. Ultrasonic echoscope GAMPT-Scan (UEGS)
2. 2X ultrasonic probe 1 MHz
3. 2X ultrasonic probe 2 MHz
4. 2X ultrasonic probe 4 MHz
5. Ultrasonic test cylinder set
6. Ultrasonic gel
7. Calliper/probe holder
Procedures:
1) Set up the ultrasonic echoscope GAMPT-Scan by adjusting the settings, to detect back
wall echo and transmission pulse. Set the software to HF+ Amp representation.
2) Measure all length of the cylinder with calliper.
3) Connect the UEGS to the PC or laptop.
4) Insert the probes into the probe holders and connect the two probes of 1MHz frequency
to the probe connector and switch is set to the ‘Trans’.
5) Insert the cylinder into the holder block start with shortest one.
6) Connect the probes to a cylinder with the aid of a drop of ultrasonic gel.
7) Set the gain and transmission values so that the signals for the shortest cylinder are not
overdriven but are still as high as possible.
8) Make sure the gain settings are always identical in order to be able to compare the
various amplitude measurements.
9) After the data is recorded, clean the cylinder and both of the probes
10) Repeat the experiment using another cylinder.
11) Repeat the experiment using 2 MHz and 4 MHz probes.

6. Results :

8. 5.3 ENHANCE
The example of using ultrasound is in hospital to test fetal evaluation. A fetal ultrasound, or
sonogram, is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images of a
baby in the uterus.
Fetal ultrasound images can help our health care provider evaluate baby's growth and
development and determine how pregnancy is progressing. In some cases, fetal ultrasound is
used to evaluate possible problems or help confirm a diagnosis.
The first fetal ultrasound is usually done during the first trimester to confirm and date the
pregnancy. If pregnancy remains uncomplicated, the next ultrasound is typically offered during
the second trimester, when anatomic details are visible. If baby's health needs to be monitored
more closely, additional ultrasounds might be recommended.
First trimester ultrasound examination is done to evaluate the presence, size, number and
location of the pregnancy. Ultrasound can also be used for first-trimester sonographic genetic
screening, as well as screening for any abnormalities of your uterus or cervix.
In the second or third trimester a standard ultrasound is done to evaluate several features of the
pregnancy, including fetal anatomy. This exam is typically done between weeks 18 and 20 of

9. pregnancy. However, the timing of this ultrasound might be altered for reasons such as obesity or
prior surgical incision at the scanning site, which could limit visualization of the fetus.
During the second and third trimesters, limited ultrasound evaluation might be needed when a
specific question requires investigation. Examples include the evaluation of fetal growth and the
estimation of amniotic fluid volume. A specialized or detailed exam is done when an anomaly is
suspected based on your history or other prenatal exam results.

10. 5.4 EXTENSION
Figure 1: Ultrasound Machine
The Diagnostic Ultrasound Interfaces are the signal sources
Major application is applied to Gall bladder evaluation, Fluid collections, Differentiation of cysts
from solid, Fetal evaluation, Solid organ evaluation, heart, liver pancreas, kidney

11. 6.0 CONCLUSION
We can conclude that data logger can be used in teaching and learning. It help students to
conduct the experiments by using data logger device so that the students clear about the
significant of data logger in order to get more accurate result and help in data collection. Since
the data logger involve three main stage which is engage, empower and enhance, all this will
provide the students with the ideas what they want to do if they are exposed with engage
question. Other than that, it will also widen the students knowledge when they move to the
enhance stage. In this stage, they will improve their critical thinking when answering the tough
questions and apply the concept that been learn o answer the question. Students will involve
actively in class if the teachers introduce the data logging learning programme. It is clear that the
used of data logger in learning process give benefits to the learners especially the students.